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Public Domain text by Stephen Herbert Langdon (1876-1937)

Col I
1. Rulership which from heaven descended. 2. At Eridu rulership (began). 3. At Eridu Alulim was king. 4. He ruled 28800 years. 5. Alagar ruled 36000 years. 6. Two kings. 7. 64800 years they ruled. 8. Eridu was overthrown. 9. The rulership to Badtibira 10. passed.

11.

Bad-tibira-(ki) En-me-en^lu-a)i-na

11.

At Badtibira Enmenluanna

12.

mu 43200 ni-ag

12.

ruled 43200 years.

13.

En-me-en-gal-an-na

13.

Enmengalanna

14.

mu 28800 ni-ag

14.

ruled 28800 years.

15.

d Bumu-zi-sib mu 86000 ni-ag

15

d -Dumuzisib ruled 36000 years.

10.

3 lugal

16.

Three kings.

17.

mu-bi 108000 ib-ag

17.

They ruled 108000 years.

18.

BadAibira-(ki ) ba-Sub-bi-en

18.

Badtibira was overthrown.

19.

nam-lugal-bi La^ra-ak(ki) ba-gub.

19.

The rulership was established at Larak.

20.

La-ra-ak-(ki ) En-sib-zi-an-na

20.

At Larak Ensibzianna

21.

mu 28800 ni-ag

21.

ruled 28800 years.

22.

1 lugal

22.

One king.

23.

mu-bi 28800 ib-ag

23.

He ruled 28800 years.

24.

La-ra-ah-{ki) barhib-bi-cn

24.

Larak was overthrown.

25.

namrlugal-bi Zimbar-Su ba-gin

25.

The rulership passed to Sippar.

26.

Zimbir-(ki) En-me-en-diir^-an-na

26.

At Sippar Enmenduranna

1 Var. W. B. 62 [d]4ulitn. The curious sign on the variant is thus proved to be a form of REC. 229

which varies with lulim. Cf. md$- R, with mds-lu-lim, Gudea, Cyl. B 7,5 and Radau, Miscel. 5, 6. An abbreviated form is mds-ANSU = bulu. In this common ideogram for bulu, ANSU is surely a corruption for ANSU + LU

-f- LIM y and mds + REC. 229 is for bulu. lulim = luliinu means the male leader of any flock of animals

either domestic or wild, and hence may be rendered stag, hind, or ram. Cf. lu-nitag pa*m = lu-lim = iinmtr

paniy u leading sheep ZA. 11, 55, 8 =r BA II, 491, 8 = ZA. 11, 39, 8 = KAR. 166, 8. lulim then obtained the

meaning " leader, champion See lulimu f Muss Arnolt, Lexicon, 482 and RA. 10, 71, 42, Note that lulim is a title of a pastoral deity (Girra, Nergal), in En-lulim sib mdS-lulim, Lord lulim shepherd of the cattle, Gudea, Cyl. B 10, 7. &girra mdS-lulim igi-bar , Girra who beholds the cattle, KL. 8 IV 12, and d-Ig-ln-lim a door-keeper of Nergal, CT. 24, 24, 59. The star ™idlu-lim is identified with EnmeSarra (Nergal), V R. 46 a 21. It is, therefore, probable that lulim in this name refers to the god of the flocks, Girra, and means u Hand (help) of the pastoral deity (the leader)

2 tibira, metal worker, (see JRAS. 1923, 258 n. 2) is probably the explanation of the name Tubal-Cain in the Hebrew legend of the Ten Patriarchs, Genesis IV 22, Source J. The original Sumerian tibira, loan-word tabiru 7 was transmitted to the Hebrews as idbaly tubal, and then explained by the Hebrew-Arabic word Kdiin, metal worker. This combination was discovered by Sayce and communicated to me orally.

3 Var. W-B, 62 dur. Originally En-me-dur-an-ki, Zimmern, Bit. Tf. No. 24, Obv. 1, traditional founder of the art of divination.

W-B. 1923. 444. THE SUMEROACCADIAN SYSTEM OP LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 9

27. lugal-dm mu 21000 ni-ag

28. 1 lugal

29. mu-bi 21000 ib-ag

30. Zimbar-(ki ) ba-Sub-bi-en

31. nam-lugal-bi §uruppalc-(ki ) 1 ba-gub

32. §uruppak-(ki) Ubur-du-du 2

33. lugal-am mu 18600 ni-ag

34. 1 lugal

35. mu-bi 18600 ib - ag

3G. 5 eri-ki-me-eS

37. 8 lugal

38. mu sar-l-gal 3 + 3600 X 7 ib-ag

39. a-ma-ru barur-ra-ta K

40. egir a-ma-ru ba-ur-ra-ta

41. namr-lugal an-ta e-de-a-ba

42. KU-(ki ) nam-lugal-la

43. Ki§-(Jci) Go- ur 5

44. lugal-am

45. mu 1200 ni-ag

46. Gul-la- d Nidabar-an-na EL 6

47. mu 600 -f- 360 ni-ag

27. was king and ruled 21000 years.

28. One king

29. He ruled 21000 years.

30. Sippar was overthrown.

31. The rulership was established at Shuruppak.

32. At Shuruppak Ubardudu

33. was king and ruled 18600 years.

34. One king

35. He ruled 18600 years.

36. Five cities

37. Eight kings.

38. They ruled 241.200 years.

39. The Deluge came up (upon the Land).

40. After the Deluge had come,

41. The rulership which descended from heaven.

(Sic !)

42. At Kish there was the rulership.

43. At Kish Ga-ur

44. became king.

45. He ruled 1200 years.

46. Gulla-Nidaba-anna

47. reigned 960 years

1 Written SU + EUR + RU. Var. 62 SU + KUR + LAM an unusual form midway between the old sign REC. 190bis and the form Brunnow, 9049.

2 The Var. W-B. 62 has Ubur-tu-tu, and the Semitic legend, Epic of Gilgamish, XI 23 Ubar*tu-tu. Ubur, woman’s breast, is clearly a cognate of Ubar, protege, mercy, protection, “ The prot£g£ or protected of Tutu ”. Du-du, Tu-tu, is a title of an ancient deity later identified with Marduk. See Po&me du Paradis 132 n. 2 and my note on Epic of Creation VII 9. Cf. the Sumerian name Du*du, for Du-du-l&g, “ Dudu has made sure ”, Genouillac, TSA., 109 ; see Huber, Personennamen, 195.

3 sar-l-gal or sar-gal - 1 occurs in CT. 12, 24 II 6 after sar-Sus (3600 X 60 = 216.000) and seems to be a higher order in the numerical system. Here it is identical with the sar-su§ = 216.000. The sar-gal is also equal to 21.600 in the Hilprecht mathematical tablets. Thureau-Dangin, RA. 18, 125 on the basis of CT. 12, 24, supposed that the sar-gal = 60 4 or 12,960,000 but this is no longer tenable. Undoubtedly the sar-gal 2 of CT, 12, 24 II 7 is the same as the sar-gahiu-nu-tag = 60 4 of the Hilprecht tablets. See Sum. Grammar, p. 120 n. 1,

4 This was the established Sumerian phrase to describe the u entering „ of the Deluge. See PBS. V 1 Col. V 4, a-ma-rw kalam-ma ba-an-ur-ra, The Deluge entered on the Land (lor seven days and seven nights). (Enlil) a-ma-ru ba-an-ur — abuba ullebi’i, caused the Deluge to enter, SBP. 260, 19 ; Ninurta is ordinarily regarded as the god who sent the Flood, a-ma-rti iir-ra =: musbfi abubu, SBP, 232, 8 ; cf. Hroznv, Ninrag , p. 8, 9-11 and Ebellng, KAR, No. 12, 10 f. For ur — ba n, cf. IV R. 19 No. 3, Obv. 7, ba-an-ur = ib-ta- a,

8 Possibly a small sign gone belore g5(MAL). The name should correspond to Evexius of Alexander Polyhistor, Cory, Ancient Fragments, 59 and of Syncellus, p. 67, ^vhich Gutschmidt corrected to

E0^x°P°6 5 v * Zimmerx, KAT 3, 565 n. 3. In any case gd-ur proves that X°P°£ right. I can see no traces in

the slight break before MAL t and do not believe that any thing is missing. Polyliistor after Berossus gave his reign at 2400 years.

6 The name has little resemblance to Xtogao^YjXos, Comosbelus, second king after the Flood in Sycellus and Polyhistor, who assigned 2700 years to this reign. Sayck suggests that Knlla or xuXXoc was corrupted to xoga in the Greek script. A reading Gulla-ezen-an-na- is possible.

10

WELD-BLIXNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

Col II
Col. II. 1

4

5. Ba-\ba?-gul-?e? mu ? ni-ag]

6. Bu- d [En-zu ? mu ? ni-ag]

7 . Ga-li-bu-um

8. mu 600 -f- 360 ni-ag

9. Ka-lu-mu-mu mu 600 -{-240 nir-ag

10. Dug-ga-gi-ib

11. mu 600 -{-300 ni - ag

12. A-tab mu 600 ni - ag

13. A-tab-ba mu 600 -f- 240 ni- ag

14. Ar-pi-u- um 9 dumu ma§ lQ -da-ge

15. mu 600 -{-120 ni- ag

16. E-ta-na sib gain an-$u

17. ha- e-de"

18. gain Jcur-kur mu-un-gi-na

19. lugal-am mu 1200 -j- 300 13 * ni-ag

20. Ba n - li - ih

21. dumu E-ta-na-ge

22. mu 400 15 ni-ag

23. En-me-nun-na 16 mu 660 ni-ag

24. Me-lam-Ki§-{ki) dumu En-me-nun-na-ge

25. mu 900 ni-ag

26. Bar-sal-nun-na dumu En-me-nun-na

27. mu 600 -f- 600 (1200) ni-ag

28. Tup- 9 za-ah dumu Bar-sal-nun-na

1

2

3

4 reigned ? years. 2 3

5. Baba(?)...? reigned? years. 5

6. Bu-Sin (?) reigned ? years. *

7. Galibum 8

8. reigned 960 years.

9. Kalumumu reigned 840 years. *

10. Duggagib 1

11. reigned 900 years.

12. Atab reigned 600 years. 1

13. Atabba reigned 840 years. 6 *

14. Arpium son of a poor man,

15. reigned 720 years. 11 *

16. Etana the shepherd who to heaven

17. ascended,

18. who made the foreign lands faithful,

19. became king and reigned 1500 years

20. Balih

21. son of Etana

22. reigned 400 years.

23. Enmenunna reigned 660 years.

24. Melam-Kish 11 son of Enmennunna

25. ruled 900 years.

26. Barsalnunna son of Enmenunna 18

27. reigned 1200 years.

28. Tupzah son of Barsalnunna

I Syncellus gave five names for the 3-7 kings after the Flood, and then an Arabian ! dynasty of 6 kings. They are all fictitions. See Poebel, PBS. IV 87 ; Cory, ibid. 67-8.

• Lines 14 contained two names and correspond to P. No. 5 I 1-3.

3 P. No. 5 14. 4 * P. No. 5 15. 8 P. No. 2 I 1 ; No. 3 I 1 ; No. 5 I 6.

6 P. No. 2 I 7 -f* No. 3 17, Ga-lu-mu-um ; No. 5 19, Ka-lu*mu*um (No. 2, Ga-lu-mu-um-e).

7 Corresponds to P. No. 5 1 10 ; No. 2 19; No. 319. Poebel reads zu-ga-gi-ib-(e). The sign KA has also

the value su, but it is probable that KA is the correct reading and the u Scorpion King ” must be regarded as

an erroneous reading.

8 Corresponds to P. No. 5 I 7-8 ; No. 3 I 3-6 ; No. 1 I 3-6.

8 P. No. 1 I 11, Ar-pi-i ; No. 3 I 11, Ar-pu-um ; No. 5 I 11, Ar-pi-u. 10 Sign here is BAR.

II The order of these names in the Nippur variants is Galibum, Atab, Atabba, Kalumum, Duggagib, Arpium.

12 P. No. 3 I 14, ba-e-da ; P. No. 2 I 14, ni-ib-bda. « P. No. 2 I 16, 600 + 35 (?)

u P. No. 2 I 17, Wa-li-ih. For this name, King, Chronicles, II 47 has AN-ILLAD !

I5 ,P. No. 2 I 19, has 410 years. 16 En-me-nun-na-ge and 611 years, P. No. 2 I 20. Here the Dynastic

Chronicle, King, Chronicles, II 47, 3, En-men-mtn-na.

17 King, Chronicles, II 47 read A-lam*ki$-§u t certainly a scribal error.

18 P. No. 5 I 17 omits dumu Enmenunna. 19 Not MES, KISIB.

W-B. 1923, 444. THE SUMERO-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OP LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 11

29.

mu 140 ni-ag

29.

reigned 140 years.

30.

Ti-iz-kar dumu Tup-za-ah

30.

Tizkar son of Tupzah

81.

mu 5 $u-M 6 ni-ag

31.

reigned 306 years.

32.

E-kn-u 1 mu 600 -j- 300 2 ni-ag

32.

Ilku reigned 900 years.

33.

ILta-sa-du-um

33.

Iltasadum

34.

mu 600 -f- 600 ni-ag

34.

reigned 1200 years.

35.

En-me-en-bara-gi-gur

35.

Enmenbaragigur

36.

galu mania Elam-(ki)-ma

36.

who the land of Elam

37.

o® ku-bi ib-ta?-an-gam

37.

with his weapon subdued

38.

lugalrdm mu 600 -f- 300 4 ni-ag

38.

became king. He reigned 900 years.

39.

Ag-ga 5

39.

Agga

40.

dumu En-me-en-bara-g i-gu r-ge

40.

son of Enmenbaragigur

41.

mu 600 -f- 25 * ni-ag

41.

reigned 625 years.

42.

23 lugal 7

42.

Twenty three kings.

43.

mu-bi 24510 ita 3

43.

They reigned 24510 years, 3 months

44.

,ud 3 ud~ma$ ib-ag

44.

three days and a half day. 8

45.

KiS(ki) sU ku ba-an- sig

45.

Kish was smitten with weapons.

46.

nam-lugal-bi E-an-na-M

46.

The rulership passed to Eanna.

ba - gin

47.

E-an-na-ka

47.

At Eanna

Col III
Col.

III.

1.

\Mes-] ki-em-ga-[§e-ir] 9

1.

Meskemgaser

2.

[dumu] d 'Babbar en-[am\

2.

son of Shamash was high priest

3.

\lugal-]dm mu 300 -f- 2[5 ni-ag]

3.

and became king. He reigned 325 years,

4.

[Mes]-ki-emr-gar[§e-ir]

4.

Meskemgaser

5.

ab-ba ba-an-tur

5.

penetrated to the sea 10

6.

gar-sag-Su ba- ed

6.

and went up unto the mountains.

7.

En-me-kar n dumu Me$-ki~em~[ga-§e-ir-ge]

7.

Enmekar, son of MeskemgaSer,

8.

lugal Unug-(ki)-ga galu Unug-(ki)-ga

8.

king of Erech, who built Erech

9.

mu-un- 12 du- a

9.

10.

lugalnxm

10.

became king

I P. No. 5 I 20 Il-ku-u-um ? 2 Written GO + 15 ! by wrong spacing of the figures.

3 For ta instrumental infix, v. Sum. Grammar, § 103. This line corresponds to P. No. 3 II 1.


 * P. No. 3 II 2 has 600 + 300 (?). 5 P. No. 3 II 3, Ag dumu En-me-bara

6 Same figure in P. No. 3 II 4.

7 P. No. 3 II 5-6 has an insertion giving the total of the years of Enmenbaragigur and his son.

8 The actual sum of the 19 reigns preserved is 12491, which leaves over 12,000 years to be distributed among 4 reigns. The scribe’s addition cannot be correct. But Polyhistor’s figures for the first two are twice and three times larger. Consequently the total here may have been taken from some other mathematical scheme.

9 P. No. 2 II 4, Mes-ki*in-ga-Se-ir.

10 Here obviously the Persian Gulf.

II P. No. 2 II 12. En-me-ir-kar. This is the form on a prism of the Weld-Blundell Collection.

12 P. No. 2 II 16, mu-un-da-du-a.

WELD-BLUNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

12

11. mu 420 ni - ag

12. d 'Lugal-banda (da) sib

13. mu 1200 ni- ag

14. d Dumu-zi $u-HA-GUNU

15. eri-ki-ni Ha-bur-Qci)

16. mu 100 ni-ag IT. Gibil-ga-meS

18. ab-ba-ni lil-ld

19. en Kullab-ba-gc

20. mu 126 ni-ag

21. Ur- d - Nun-gal 4

22. dumu dt Gibil-ga-me$

23. mu 30 ni - ag

24. UtuV-kalam-ma

25. dumu Ur- d - Nun-gal-ge

26. mu 15 ni- ag

27. La-ba-§e-ir

28. mu 9 ni- ag

2 9 . En-nu n-nad-an-na

30. mu 8 ni - ag

31. ? ge-de mu 36 ni-ag

32. Me-lam-an-na

33. mu 6 ni- ag

34. Lugal-Jci-aga 7 mu 36 ni-ag

35. 12 lugal

36. mu-bi 1800 -f- 480 -j- 30 ib-ag

37. Unug-(Jci) g ^ku ba-an-sig

11. He reigned 420 years.

12. The deified Lugalbanda, a shepherd,

13. reigned 1200 years.

14. The defied Dumuzi *, a fisherman,

15. whose city was Habur 1 2 *

16. reigned 100 years.

17. Gilgames,

18. whose father was a fool, 5 *

19. the lord of Kullab,

20. reigned 126 years.

21. Ur- d, Nungal 5

22. son of GilgameS

23. reigned 30 years.

24. Utulkalamma,

25. son of Ur- d *Nungal,

26. reigned 15 years.

27. Labasher

28. reigned 9 years.

29. Ennunnadanna

30. reigned 8 years.

.31 he-de reigned 36 years.

32. Melamanna

33. reigned 6 years

34. Lugal-kiaga reigned 36 years.

35. 12 kings.

36. They reigned 2310 years. 8

37. Erech was smitten by weapons.

1 Identified with an older deity A6*w, the dying god of Sumerian religion. 2 A title of Eridu.

3 Lil-la means u the fool, imbecile, cripple ”. This explains the story in Aelian, De Natura Animalium XII 21. Here it is said that SeuSchoros, king ot the Babylonians, heard how the Chaldeans (i. e. Astrologers) prophesied that his daughter would bear a child and that this child would seize the kingdom from his grand- father. Seugchoros played the part of Acrisius in the Greek myth. He locked his daughter in the citadel but she secretly bore a son by an obscure man, and the king’s guards in terror threw the child from the tower. An eagle perceived his fall and seized him by the back before he reached the earth. The bird carried the babe to a garden where the gardener loved him and reared him. This child was Gilgamos and he became king. Seuechoros, as Sayce observes, is a corruption for En-me-(r)-kar. It is obvious that the name of the father of GilgamiS Lilia, the fool, reveals the origin of the story in Aelian. In the GilgamiS Epic his mother is reputed

to have been the mother goddess Ninsun. It is possible that liUla is really a title of Tammuz who in the Louvre hymn, RA. 19, 175-185 is called mu4u-lil t “ the fool god ”, and that Tammuz is really the father of GilgamiS here. The story in Aelian may have been concocted to explain the word lil-la } but the connection of Enmekar with this tale rather proves the historical veracity of the tale.

4 This name is written [Ur-d-Nun-]lugal f PBS. V No. 6, 5.

5 The name is common among Sumerians ; v. Huber, Per. Namen, 81*2.

8 One sign u + till; cf. u4iil, shepherd, Grice, Yale V 4 X 7.

7 Cf. Ebeung, KAR 132 I, 8*9 ; ina nmhhi ki*aga-zi-da ana imitli d Anim u§$ab.

8 This addition is correct.

W-B. 1923, 444. THE SUMERO-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OF LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 13

38. namr-lugaUbi Uri-(ki)-$u

ba-gin

39. Uri-{ki)-ma

40. Mes-an-ni-pad-da 1

41. lugal-dm mu SO ni-ag 2

42 . Mcs-ki-em - d • Nannar 3

43. dumu Mes-an-n i-pad-da

44. lugal- dm

45. mu 36 4 ni-ag

Col IV
1. [E-lu-lu mu 25 ni-ag ]

2.

[Ba- lu-lii mu 36 ni-ag]

3.

[ 4

lugal

]

4.

[mu-bi ' J

177 1 ib-ag

]

5.

[ Uri-(ki)-ma

siS h( ba- sig

]

6.

[mam-lugal-bi

A-iva-an-(ki)-H ]

7.

[ba-gin ]

8.

9

[A-iva-an-(ki)

]

10. [ lugal-dm mu ni-ag ]

11

12. mu [. . . ni- ag]

13. Ku-ul (?) ....

14. mu 36 ni- ag

15. 3 [lugal]

16. mu-bi 300-\- 51-\-[5Y [ib- ag]

17. A-iva-an-Qci) & hu ba- sig

18. nam- lugal- bi

19. Ki§-(ki)-$u [ba- gin]

20. Ki§-(ki) Lah(?)

21. lugal- am'

22. mu 180-\-21-\ -? [ni- ag]

23. Da-da-sig mu [. . . . ni-ag]

24. Md-ma-gal

38. The rulership passed to Ur.

39. At Ur.

40. Mesannipadda

41. reigned 80 years.

42. Meskem- d, Nannar

43. son of Mesannipadda

44. became king.

45. He ruled 36 years.

IV.

1. Elulu reigned 25 years.*

2. Balulu reigned 36 years.®

3. 4 kings

4. They ruled 177 years.

5. Ur by weapons was smitten.

6. The rulership passed to A wan.

8. At A wan

9

10. became king. He reigned years.

11

12. reigned years.

13. Ku-ul (?)

14. reigned 36 years.

15. Three kings.

16. They reigned 356 years.

17. Awan by weapons was smitten.

18. The rulership

19. passed to Kish.

20. At Kish Lah (?)

21. became king.

22. He reigned 201 -f- ? years.

23. Dadasig reigned .... years.

24. Mamagal

1 The sign MES is clearly the sign DUP t REC. 385, and not REC. 363. Also in MeskemgaSer the sign is DUP. For this confusion, v. CT. 12, 14 a 18 = K. 10072, 4, DUP(me-is) = itlu.

2 P. No. 2 III 6. 3 Not nun-na as Poebel (No. 2 III 7) copied. 4 P. No. 2 III 9 has 30 years.

5 Restored from P. 2 III 11 + Legrain, PBS. XIII, No. 1, III 3.

6 Restored from P. 2 III 12 + Legrain, No, 1, III 4.

7 P. No. 2 III 15 -j- L. No. 1 III 7 has 171. See line 45 above.

8 The number 356 is given on P. No. 2 Rev. XI 16.

14 WELP-BLUNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

25. mu 6 Su-ii \ni- ag]

26. Ka-al-bu- [urn ]

27. dumu Mdr-gal-gal 1

28. mu 180 7 -f- 15 ni- ag

29. Umid-e mu 360 ni - ag

30. ? *-nun-na mu 180 ni-ag

31. I-bi- ni-i$ (?)

32. mu 240 + 50 ni-ag

33. lugal-mu mu 360 ni-ag

34. 8 lugal

35. mu-bi 3000 + 180+15 ib-ag

36. Ki$-Q:i) gi *ku ba-an- sig

37. nam-lugal-bi

38. Ha-ma-si-(ki)-$u ba- gin 3 9 . Ha-ma-si 6 * * Ha-da-n i-i$ 1

40. mu 6 hi-H ni- ag

41. 1 lugal

42. mu-bi 6 $u-$i* ib- ag

43. Ha-ma-si-(ki) g ^ku ba-an-sig

44. nam-lugal-bi Unug-(ki)-$u ba-gin

45. Unug-(ki)-ga En-iig-du-an-na

46. lugal-am mu 1 Su-H ni-ag

47. nam-lugal-bi mu 2 Su-Si ni-ag

48. mu 480 ni - ag

Col V
1-10

11. [ -] LU ?

12. [mu ? ni-ag ]

13. [ ? lugal ]

14. [mu-bi ? ib-ag]

15. [ Uri(ki ) gi *ku ba-an - sig ]

25. reigned 360 years.

26. Kalbum

27. son of Magalgal ....

28. reigned 195 years (1215?).

29. UmuSe rfeigned 360 years.

30. ...-nunna reigned 180 years.

31. IbiniS (?)

32. reigned 290 years.

33. Lugalmu (?) reigned 360 years.

34. 8 kings.

35. They reigned 3195 years. 1 2 * 4

36. Kish was smitten by weapons.

37. The rulership

38. passed to Hamasi. 5

39. At Jiamasi Hadani§

40. ruled 360 years.

41. 1 king

42. He reigned 360 years.

43. Hamasi by weapons was smitten.

44. The rulership passed to Erech.

45. At Erech Enugduanna

46. became king. He ruled 60 years.

47. The kingship for 120 years was exercised

48. For 420 years they ruled. 9

Y.

11

12. ? years he ruled.

13. ? kings

14. ? years they ruled

15. [Ur by weapons was smitten].

1 This name is written Md-tnd-gal.... in 1. 24. Which is right ?

2 Perhaps error for 600 600. 3 PISAN + RU ?

4 L. No. 1, IV 3 has 3600 -{- 180 + 12 = 3792. The length of the second reign is missing here, but it is

difficult to account for the high figure in the total unless the numbers be corrected.

5 L. No. 1 IV 7, Ha-ma-zi. 6 L. No. 1 IV 8, Ha-ma-zu(ki)-a.

7 Here L. No. 1 IV 10 adds lugal-dm.

8 . In the total on P. No. 2 XI 22 for Hamasi the text has the figure 7 which Poebel took for 7 units but

it may be 7(60) = 420.

9 P. No. 2 had three names here, see p. 6. En-ug-du-an-na is probably an error for En-sag4cu$-an-na, whose inscription on a vase of Nippur has been restored by Poebel, PBS. IV 151. The other two names are probably Lugal-ki~gub-nidag and Lugabkisal-si, SAK. 157 ; Caynbridge Ancient History, 369.

\V-B, 1923, 444. THE SI7MER0-ACCADIAN SYSTEM 01' LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 15

16. [nam-lugal-bi Adab-(ki)-ht-ba-gfn]

1 7 . [ Adab-(Jci)-a Lugal-an-ni-mu-un-du]

18. [lugal-dm mu 90 ni - ag ]

19. [1 ] htgal

20. [mu-bi 90] ib-ag

21. I Adab-(ki )] ^ku ka-an- sig

22. [ nam-lugal-bi ] Ma-erAJki)-H ba-gin

23. [Ma-er-ki]-§u 3 4

24. [ lugal-dm ] mu SO ni -

25. [Lugal-tar-]zi dumu Ansir- ge

26. [mu- 25 (?) 1 2 3 * 5 ] ni- ag

27 lugal mu SO ni-ag

28 lu-gal mu 20 ni-ag

29 bi-im mu SO ni-ag

30 -bi mu 9 ni-ag

31. 6 htgal

32. [mu-bi ] 120 -f- 16 ni-ag

33. [Ma-erAki) **%«] ba- an sig

34. [nam-lugal-] bi

35. [Ki$-(ki)-H] ba-gin

36. [Ki$-(ki) Kug- d ']Bau

3 7 . [munuz-galu-ka S-iin-] na

38. [suguS KiS-(ki )] mu-un-gi-na

39. [lugal-]dm mu 100 ni-ag

40. 1 lugal

41. mu-bi 100 ni- ag

42. Ki§-ki v^kn ba- an- sig

43. nam-lugal-bi 6 7 AkSak-(ki) ba-gub

44. AMak-Su Un-zi

45. lugal-dm mu SO ni- ag

46. Un-da-lu-lu mu 6 1 ni - ag

47. Ur-ur mu 6 ni- ag

1.

2.

[Gimil- ^Sahan [I-$u-il

mu

mu 20 24 ni-ag

ni-ag]

16.

17.

18.

19.

20 . 21 . 22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

Col VI
1 . 2.

[The rnlership passed to Adab] !

[At Adab Lugalannimundu ]

[became king. 90 years he reigned.]

1 king 1 [90 years he reigned]

Adab with weapons was smitten.

The rulership passed to Maer.

At Maer Ansir

became king. He reigned 30 years. [Lugal tar]-zi, son of Ansir,

reigned years.

..*... -lugal reigned 30 years.

-lu-gal reigned 20 years.

-him reigned 30 years.

-bi reigned 9 years.

6 kings

They ruled 136 years.

Maer with weapons was smitten.

The rulership passed to Kish At Kish Kug- d> Bau a female wine seller

established the foundation of Kish and became king. She reigned 100 years.

1 king.

She reigned 100 years.

Kish with weapons was smitten.

The rulership at Aksak was established. At Ak§ak Unzi

became king. He reigned 30 years.

Undalulu reigned 6 years.

Ur-ur reigned 6 years.

Gimil- d Shahan reigned 20 years.

Ishu-il reigned 24 years.

1 Lines 16 ff. are restored from L. No. 1 V 1 ff.

2 The local records of Adab mention two more kings Mebasi and Lugaldalu. See Cambridge A'ncient History, Vol. 1 p. 370; AJSL. 30, 221 and Banks, Bismya.

3 L. No. 1 V 10 Ma-er-(ki)-a. 4 An-bu ; An-sud possible.

5 Restored from total in 1. 32.

6 Here begins the Scheil Dynastic Tablet, Comptes Rendus de VAcaddmie des Inscriptions t 1911, 606 ff. ;

Thureau-Dangin, La Chronologie des Dynasties de Sumer et d'Accad, 59*60; now in the British Museum; see Gadd, The Early Dynasties of Sumer and Akkad, B. M. 108857, Pis. 1*2.

7 Scheil Tablet, 12 years. The number is doubled there.

16 WELD-BLTJNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

3. [Gimil- d% Sin dumu I-Su-il-ge 7 mu

ni-ag]

4. [ 6* lugal

5. [mu-bi 93 in-ag *]

6. Atecik ° u hc \ba- an - sh/]

7. namAugalnbi

8. Ki3-(ki)-3u la- gin

9. Ki3-(ki) Gimil- d 'Sin

10. dumu Kug-^Band-ge

11. lugal-dm mu 25 ni-ag

12. Ur- d 'Rbaba

13. [dumxi] Gimil- d% Sin-ge

14. mu 400 ni-ag

15. [Zi-m]u-dar-ra mu 30 ni-ag

16. U-si-ivar-tar * mu 7 ni-ag

17. ASdar-mu-ti mu 11 ni-ag

18. I$-[. J-^Babbar mu 11 ni-ag

19. Na-an-nin{a-ali 1 2 3 * * 6 7 mu 7 ni-ag

20. 7 lugal 8

21. mu-bi 491 9 ib- ag

22. KiS-Qci) ^Jcu ban an- sig

23. nam-lugal-bi Unug-(Jci) bang in

24. TJnug-(Jci)-ga Lugalnzag-ginsi

25. lugal-dm mu 25 ni- ag

26. 1 lugal

27. mu 25 ni-ag

28. TJnug-Qii) 3 ^hi ba-an- sig

29. nam-lugal-bi

30. A-ga-de-(ki)-$u ha - gin

3. Gimil-Sin son of Ishu-il reigned 7 years.

4. 6 kings.

5. They reigned 93 years.

6. Aksak with weapons was smitten.

7. The rulership

8. passed to Kish. 2

9. At Kish Gimil-Sin,

10. son of Kug- d -Bau,

11. became king. He rilled 25 years

12. Ur- d Tlbaba

13. son of Gimil-Sin

14. reigned 400 years. 3

15. Zimu-dar reigned 30 years.

16. Usi-watar reigned 7 years. 8

17. Ashdarmuti reigned 11 years.

18. Ish-me(?)- d -Shamash reigned 11 years.

19. Nannijah reigned 7 years.

20. seven kings.

21. They reigned 491 years. 10

22. Kish was smitten with weapons.

23. The rulership passed to Erech.

24. At Erech Lugalzaggisi became king.

25. He ruled 25 years.

26. 1 king.

27. He ruled 25 years.

28. Erech was smitten with weapons.

29. The rulership

30. passed to Agade.

1 S. Obv. 7 has 99 years, and the verb is correctly written in the plural in-ag-meS.

2 Here the Scheil Tablet enters the earlier reign of Kug-Bau at Kish. This queen’s reign is almost exactly the same length as that of the entire intervening AkSak dynasty and she cannot possibly be regarded as the mother of Gimil-Sin, unless she reigned as contemporary of the Ak§ak kings. Moreover the Scheil Tablet makes the two kingdoms of Kish continuous.

3 The Scheil Tablet has the figure 6 which is, therefore, taken as 6(60) or 360 in the reckoning. With

Kug-Bau this dynasty totals exactly 540 years instead of the figures 540 + 40 + 6 in line 18. Legrain, No 1 VI also 360 + 40 (?)"


 * Son of Zimu-dar on the Scheil Tablet Cf. P. No. 3 R. I u-[si etc.]. 5 S. Obv. 14 has 6 years.

6 S. Obv. 16, I-mu. The variant is difficult to explain, t-mtt is probably a Sumerian verbal form, i prefix and mu = mu§, gis = sew ft; cf. gis4ug, mu$4ug = §emu.

7 S. Obv. 17, Na-nbja-a{i,

8 Here Var. S. has 8 kings by combining the two Kish dynasties. Obviously they belong together and the AkSak dynasty was contemporary with Kug-d-Bau.

9 586 on S. Obv. 18.

10 . The total is correct. For the reign of Ur-Ilbaba the original had probably 6 or 6 2/3 which the scribe misunderstood. This yields 97 2/3 years for the entire dynasty.

W-B. 1923, 444. THE 8UMER0-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OP LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 17

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

A-ga-dc Sar-ru-ki-in-

-i-lu-ba-ni nu-giS-Sar

ka-Su-dug Ur-' 1 ’ U-bur-ba '

lugal A-ga-de ( hi ) gain- A-ga-de-(ki)

mu- un- du- a

lugal-am mu 56 ni- ag

Ri-mu-uS dumu Sar-ru-ki-in

mu 9 ni-ag

Ma- ni-ii-ti-iS-Su

SeS-gal Ri-mu-3u-uS *

dumu Sar-ru-ki-in

mu 15 ni- ag

Na-ra-am -[ A En-zu]

dumu Ma-[ni-iS-ti-iS-Su ]

mu [38 (?) ni- ag ]

Sa[ r-ga-U-Sar-ri ] 9 [dumu Na-ra-am- 6 * En-zu]

[mu 24 10 (?) ni- ag]

[a-ba-am lugal ] a-ba-dm nu lugal 11 12 U-9t~\ 11 gi lugal

[I-mi ] n lugal

[Na-ni ] 13 14 lugal [E-lu-lu ] u lugal

4 lugal 15

31. At Agade Sharrakin-ilubani

32. a gardener,

33. a cup-bearer of Ur-Ilbaba,

34. the king of Agade, who built Agade,

36. became king. He ruled 56 years. *

37. Rimush son of Sharrukin

38. reigned 0 years. 3 *

39. Mani§ti§su

40. elder brother of RimuSSu 5

41. son of Sharrukin

42. reigned 15 years. 6

43. Naram-Sin

44. son of Manistissu 7

45. reigned 38 (?) years 8

46. Shargalisarri

47. son of Naram-Sin

48. reigned 24 (?) years.

Col VII
1.

Who

was king ? Who was not king ?

2.

Igigi>

, king,

3.

Imi,

king,

4.

Nani

, king,

5.

Elulu, king,

6.

4 kings.

I Here begins Legrain, No. 1 VII. 2 L. No. 1 VII 6, has 55.

3 L. No. 1 VII, 15 years.

Sfanisduzzu, Manisdussu, and the ordinary reading in his inscriptions is Manistusu ; v. Scheil, Del. Per. Ill 42;
 * Sic ! Error for Ri-mu-uS-Su. For the name in line 39, L. No. 1 has Ma-ni-i§-te-Su. Other readings are

Hoschander, ZA. 20, 246. Scheil derived the name from man-iMu-j>u, and Hoschander from man~i$dud-su ,

“ Who has drawn him from the womb Both views are not convincing. Cf. Ungnad, MVAG. 1915, No. 2, 66.

6 Hence ManiStusu was also the son of Sargon and the u Cruciform Monument „ belongs to him. See Cambridge Ancient History, p. 410.

6 L. No. 1 VII 11 has the figure 7 here. See the photograph, PI, II.

7 Babylonian tradition, which asserted Nar&m«Sin to have been the son of Sargon, is therefore erroneous. For this tradition, see my Neubabylonische Konigsinschriften, 226, 64 ; King, Chronicles , II 9, Rev. 1. The Nippur Text, L. No. 1 VII 13, agrees with W-B. 444.

8 L. No. 1 VII 14 has 56 years and P. No. 3, 1 must have had the same number.

9 Here P. No. 3, Rev. II 2, and S. Rev. I. Restorations from L. No, 1 VII 15.

10 So clearly L. No. 1 VII 17. Poebel, No. 3, R. II 4, has 24.

II So also S. Rev. 2. But P. No. 3 Rev. II 7 has Semitic, nia~nu-um sarru ma-nu-um la Sarru ; also L. No. 1 VII 18 f.

12 P. No. 3 R. II 9; S. Rev. 3, \-gi-gi ; L. No. 1 VII 20, i-ki-ki, photograph ir-ki-ki an error of the scribe.

13 P. No. 3, Rev. II 10-11. S. Rev. 4 and L. No. 1 VII 21, na-nu-um.

14 S. Rev. 4 and L. No. 1 VII 22, i-ludu.

15 For lines 6-7, P. No. 3 Rev. 13 and S. Rev. 5 have 4-6t 3 mu ib(in)-ag.

18

WELD-BL17NDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

7.

[mu 3 ] ib -

<>9

8.

[Du-du\ mu

21 ni-ag

9.

[ GimiLdur-ul ]

dumu Du-du-ge

10.

[mu] 15

ni- ag

11.

11 2 lugal

12.

mu-bi 180 -j- 1 ib - ag

13.

A-ga-de-{ki) v^ku ba-an- sig

14.

nam-htgal-bi Unug-(Ici)-M bagin

15.

Unug-(ki) Ur-nigin lugaUam

16.

mu 7

ni - ag

17.

Ur-gigir dumu Ur-nigin- ge

18.

mu

6 ni - ag

19.

Kudda 4 mu

6 ni- ag

20.

Gimil-ili mu

5 ni- ag

21.

Ur- d * Babbar mu 6 ni - ag

22.

5

lugal

23.

mu-bi 30

ib- ag

24.

Unug-{ki) gU ku

ka- an- sig

25.

nam-lugalr-bi

26.

ugnim Gu-tu-

um 6 ba-gin

27. ugnim Gu-tu-mn-(ki)

28. lugdlrmu nu-tuk 7 * *

29. Im-ta*-a lugal-dm mu 3

30. In-ki l0 -Su mu 6

31. Ni-kil-la-gab 12 mu 6

32. §ul-me-e mu 6

33. E-lu-lu-me$ mu 6

34. I-ni-ma-ba-Jci-eS mu 5

35. I-gi-e§-a-u§ mu 6

ni-ag

ni-ag

ni-ag

ni-ag

ni-ag

ni-ag

ni-ag

7. Three years they reigned.

8. Dudu reigned 21 years.

9. Gimil-durul 1 son of Dudu

10. reigned 15 years

11. 11 kings

12. They reigned 181 years 1 2 3

13. Agade was smitten with weapons.

14. The rulership passed to Erech.

15. At Erech Ur-nigin became king.

16. He reigned 7 years.

17. Ur-gigir son of Urnigin

18. ruled 6 years.

19. Kudda reigned 6 years.

20. Gimil-ili reigned 5 years.

21. Ur-Babbar reigned 6 years.

22. 5 kings.

23. They reigned 30 years. 5

24. Erech was smitten with weapons.

25. The rulership

26. to the Gutean hordes passed.

27. The hordes of Gutum

28. had not a king by name.

29. Imta became king. He ruled 3 years.

30. Inkisu reigned 6 years. 11

31. Nikillagab reigned 6 years.

32. Sulme reigned 6 years.

33. Elulumes reigned 6 years.

34. Inimabakes reigned 5 years.

35. Igesaus reigned 6 years.

1 For inscriptions of Dudu and Gimil-Durul, v. Thureau-Dangin, Chronologie, 63 and Gadd, Early Dynasties , PI. 3. For the probable reading of KIB as ul, v. Scheil, RA. 18, 98-9. Cf. KIB in su-KIB = mnaddi kirbiti, K. 4406 Rev. I 15, in King, Creat. ; Vol. II PI. 55 = Bk. VII 67. See note on this line in my Babyl. Epic of Creation.

2 S. Rev. 8 has 12 kings, which includes the period of anarchy in line 1 above.

3 P. 2 Rev. Ill 2 and S. Rev. 8 have 197 years. The figures on these variants actually yield 197 ; 55 + 15 + 7 + 56 + 25 + 3 + 21 + 15 = 197. Since the total here is only 181 and only the figures for Nardm-Sin and SargaliSarri are missing (beside the length of the period of the four kings Igigi to EIulu) it is obvious that one or both must be reduced. Assuming 24 for SargaliSarri we are bound to assume 38 for Nardm-Sin.

dedicated to Ningal of Ur. Possibly filched from the excavations at Ur.
 * A vase recently found at Warka (?) mentions Kudda as a §angu priest of Innini and Babbar, and is

5 S. Rev. 11-16 has the figures 3 + 6 + 6 + 54-6 and the total 26.

6 S. Rev. 18, Gu*ti*um-(ki)-Su. 7 L. No. 1 VIII 2, lugal nu-ub-tuk, had not a king.

8 L. No. 1 VIII 3, Im-bi-a. Which is right. The signs are so similar that a scribal error has occurred.

9 L. No. 1 R. VIII 3 has 5 years. 10 Var. gi. 11 Var. L. No. 1 VIII 5 has 7 years.

12 Here perhaps L. No. 1 VIII 19 an-gab.

W-B. 1923, 444. THE SUMERO-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OF LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 19

36.

lar-ar-la-gab *

mu

15

ni-ag

37.

I-ba-te 2

mu

3

ni-ag

38.

la-ar-la 3 4 5

mu

3

ni-ag

39.

Ku-ru-um

mu

1

ni-ag

40.

.... ne-di-in

mu

3

ni-ag

41.

....ra-bu-um

mu

2

ni-ag

42.

I-ra^ni-urn

mu

2

ni-ag

43.

Ib-ra-nu-um

mu

1

ni-ag

44.

Ha^ab-lum

mu

2

ni-ag

45.

Gimil- dm En-zu dumu Ha-ab-lum

46.

mu

7

ni-ag

47.

[I a-]ar-la-ga-an-da 1

K mu

7

ni-ag

48.

. ..

mu

7

ni-ag

49.

[Ti-ri-]ga 6 7 ud 40

ni^ag

50.

21

lugal

51.

[mu-bi 125]

ud

40

ib - ag

Col VIII
1. ugnim [Gu-tu-um-ki v^Jcu ba-an-sig]

2. nam-lngal-bi Unug-(ki)-$ii

[ba-gin ]

3. Unug-(ki)-ga Utu-g e-gal

[lugal-dni]

4. mu 7 Su-H 1 7 ud [ni-ag]

5. 1 lugal

6. mu-bi 7 Sti-Si 7 ud [ni- ag ]

7. Unug-{ki) gL *ku ha- an sig

8. nam-lugal-bi Uri[-(ki)-ma-$u ba-g in]

9. Uri-(ki)-ma Ur- d -Nammu 8 lugal

10. mu 18 ni - ag

11. d Dungi dumu d 'Ur- d -Nammu-ge

36. Jarlagab reigned 15 years.

37. Ibate reigned 3 years.

38. Jarla(gas) reigned 3 years.

39. Kurum reigned 1 year.

40 nedin reigned 3 years.

41 rabum reigned 2 years.

42. Irarum reigned 2 years.

43. Ibranum reigned 1 year.

44. Hablum reigned 2 years.

45. Gimil-Sin, son of Hablum,

46. reigned 7 years.

47. Jarlaganda reigned 7 years.

48 reigned 7 years.

49. Tiriga reigned 40 days. 6 .50. 21 kings

51. They reigned [125 years] and 40 days.

VIII.

1. The hordes of Gutum were smitten by

the sword.

2. The rulership passed to Erech.

3. At Erech Utuhegal became king.

4. He reigned 7 1/6 years and 7 days.

5. One king.

6. He reigned 7 1/6 years and 7 days.

7. Erech was smitten by the sword.

8. The rulership passed to Ur.

9. At Ur Ur- d *Nammu was king.

10. He ruled 18 years. 9

11. The divine Dungi son of the divine

Ur-Nammu,

1 L. No. 1 VIII 6 has Warlagaba and makes him the third king and 6 years.

2 Cf. L. No. 1 VIII 17 ti.

3 Probably Iarlaga§, fourth king in L. No, 1 VIII, and Arlagan, Clay, Miscel. No. 13.

4 Here L. No. 1 Vlll 15, da.

5 In the list only 20 names appear. The period when the Guteans had no king by name is counted as 1 king. The total is taken from P. No. 2 Rev. Ill 7, but is naturally uncertain. The actual total is only 86 years. L, No. 1 IX 3 has 124 years and 40 days. A name ending in ga, L. No. 1 VIII 21, does not appear on W*B. 444.

6 In the inscription, RA. 9, 120, Ti-ri-ga-an. L. No. 1 IX 1 has also 40 days.

7 For sus employed indifferently for 60 and 1/6, v. Sum. Grammar, § 173.

8 For this reading, v. Gadd, JRAS. 1922, 390. 9 Here begins P. No. 5, Reverse.

20

WELD-BLtTNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

12. mu 46 ni- ag

13. d Bur- d 'Sin dumu d 'Dun-gi-ge

14. mu 9 ni - ag

15. Gimil- d -Sin dumu d Bur- d 'Sin

16. mu 9 ni- ag

17. I-be- d Sin dumu Gimil- d Sina-ge

18. mu 24 (26) ni-ag

19. 5 (4) lugal

20. mu-bi 108 ib - ag

21. Uri-(ki)-ma gi§ ku ba-an-sig

22. nam-lugal-bi I-si-in-(ki)-$u ba-gin

23. I-si-in-(ki)-na U-bi- Gir*-ra 6 lugal

24. mu 33 ni-ag

25. d - GimilA-li-Su 8 dumu I§-bi-Gir*-ra-ge

26. mu 20 (10) ni-ag

27. I-din- d Da-gan dumu GimilA-lt-Su

28. mu 21 ni - ag

29. I$-me- d - Da-gan [ dumu I-din- d ‘Da-gan]

30. mu [20 ni- ag]

31. d Li-[bi-it-AMar dumu n-me- d 'Da-gan ] 11

32. mu [a ni - ag]

33. d 'Ur- d Ninurta [mu 28 ni-] ag

12. reigned 46 years. 1

13. The divine Bur- d *Sin, son of the divine Dimgi,

14. reigned 9 years.

15. Gimil- d -Sin, son of the divine Bur- d *Sin,

16. reigned 9 years. 2 3

17. Ibe- d Sin, son of Gimil- d *Sm,

18. reigned 24 years. 1

19. 5 (4) kings. 4

20. They ruled 108 years. 5 6

21. Ur was smitten by weapons.

22. The kingship passed to Isin.

23. At Isin Ishbi-Girra was king.

24. He reigned 33 years. 7 8 9 10 11

25. The divine Gimil-ilishu, son of Ishbi-

Girra,

26. reigned 10(20) years. 9

27. Idin- d Dagan, son of Gimil-ilishu,

28. reigned 21 years.

29. Ishme- d Dagan, son of Idin- d Dagan,

30. reigned 20 years. 10

31. Lipit-Ashdar, son of Ishme- d Dagan,

32. reigned 11 years. tl

33. The divine Ur- d Ninurtu reigned 28 years. 15

1 This number is undoubtedly correct against the number 58 in P. No. 3 R. 2. In fact 47 full dates of Dungi are known from OBI. No. 125 and MIO. 622, published in transcription by Genouillac, Inventaire, II p. 6 ; v. SAK. 229 note b. Obviously only one line in OBI. No. 125, Obv. is entirely missing at the top, [mu Dun-gi lugaUam]. The last year date, “ Year when HarSi was destroyed ", is erroneously not included in the scribes figures for this reign.

2 P. No. 5 R. 4 has 7 years, but there are nine year dates known for this reign, and hence W-B. 444 is correct.

3 P. No. 5 Rev. 5 has 25 years. 4 Sic ! The text has 4 !

6 The actual total is 106, hence Ibi-Sin’s figure is probably to be corrected to 26 ; or read 47 for Dnngi

and 25 for Ibi-Sin. The total on P. No. 5 is 117, or difference of 9 years in the length of a well known dynasty not far removed from the period of the chronologist !

6 P. No. 5 R. 8, &Gir*-ra. The same writing without dingir in Barton, Miscel. 9, 3 ; this text (Ni 7772)

is a dnplicate of Legrain, PBS. 13, No. 6 and a continuation of PBS. 13 No. 3. The three texts constitute a letter

of Ibi-Sin to Gimil-Nnmu§da, patesi of Kazallu concerning Ishbi-Girra “ a man of Maer

7 P. No. 5 Rev. 8 has 32 years, but this number must raised to 33 to obtain 225 on P. No. 5 Rev. 24.

8 P. No. 5 R. omits dingir.

9 P. No. 5 R. 9 has 10 years, which is obviously correct for the total in line 45 is 203, which should be

213 if 20 be read here.

10 So P. No. 5 Rev. 11, and P. No. 2 X 5 is so rendered by Poebel, PBS IV p. 76, although his copy and photograph have 19 (?).

11 So P. No. 5 Rev. 12, but No. 2X7 has * son of Idin-Dagan. 12 So P. No. 2 X 8 and No. 5 R. 12.

13 So P. No. 5 R. 13. On P. No. 2 X 10 his father was &Adad ; hence he was not a descendant

of his predecessors. d*Ninurta is only partially preserved ; P. No. 5 has IB and No. 2X9 preserves NIN.

A king of this name is preserved on two contracts from Nippur (unpublished) now in Constantinople, BE. 20, p. 49 and BE. Ser. D V 38. A liturgy to Ur-Ninnrta is Ni. 13979 (unpublished). The name is restored from P. No. 5 R. 14.

W-B. 1923, 444. THE SUMERO-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OF LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 21

34.

d Bur- d -S[in dumu d '

Ur- d 'Ninurta]

34.

The divine Bur- d -Siu, son af Ur- d *Ninurta,

35.

mu 21 nir

ag

35.

reigned 21 years.

36.

d - Li-bi-[it- d, ]En-lil 1

36.

The divine Lipit- d Enlil,

37.

dumu Bur - d -Sin-ge

mu 5 ni-ag

37.

son of Bur- d *Sin reigned 5 years.

38.

d * Gir*-ra-i-mi-ti mu

8 ni-ag

38.

Girra-imiti reigned 8 years. 2

39.

d - En-lil-ba-ni mu

24 ni-ag

39.

d - Enlilbani reigned 24 years. 3

40.

d - Za-am-bi-ia mu

3 ni-ag

40.

The divine Zambija reigned 3 years.

41.

dm I-te-ir-pi-$a 4

mu 4 ni-ag

41.

The divine Iterpisha reigned 4 years.

42.

d * Ur-du-kug-w 5

mu 4 ni-ag

42.

The divine Ur-dukugga reigned 4 years.

43.

d 'Sin-ma-gir mu

11 ni-ag

43.

Sin-raagir reigned 11 years.

44.

14 lugal

44.

14 kings

45.

mu-bi 203

ib-ag

45.

They reigned 203 years. 6

Jcat Nu-ti r- d 'Nin-subu r

46.

By the hand of Nnr-Ninsubur.

1 So restore P. No. 5 R 15, as the 8th king. He is otherwise unknown in documents of this period.

2 P. No. 5 Rev. 16 has 7 years. King, Chronicles II 12, 8, &Gir*-ra~ZA G-L U. Tablets dated in his reign from Nippur, are Chiera, PBS. VIII, Nos. 19, 20, 103.

3 P. No, 5 R. 17 has here six months for an obliterated name omitted on this prism. P. No. 5 R. 18 &EndiU

[ha]-nij and 24 years. For tablets dated in this reign, v. PBS. VIII, 8, 9, 107 ; Sum. Gr., p. 17 ; RA. 14, 152 ;

BE. 31 No. 38, obv. 10 ; indentical with Enlil-bani, King, Chronicles, II 12, 5.

p. 49 mentions two tablets of dI-te-ir*KA*sa f dated also in the first year of his reign. The name is derived from etirpt-sciy “ Her word saves
 * This rendering is proven correct by Legrain, PBS. 13, No. 4, mu I-te-ir-pi-sa lugal. Hilprecht, BE. 20,

5 Cf. <*•[ Ur}’du-kug-ga, Chiera, PBS. VIII. No, 10, where the date refers to id Im-gur-^Nimsubur ? mu-

ba*al, “ year when Urdukugga dug the canal I m gnr-Nmsubur ” ; Ungnad, in Hammurabi’s Gesels, VI, 1782 read Inigur-d-Nin-in-si-na. Ungnad restored the name of this king correctly, and cf. the name Ur-du-kug-ga in a document dated in the reign of Enlilbani, PBS. VIII. No. 9. See my note in PBS. X 140.

6 The actual total is 213, but see line 26. The prism must have been written at the end of the reign of

Sinmagir for Damik-ili-shn the last king is omitted. Since this scribe entirely omits the short reign of 6 months after Girra-imiti, his list would have for the entire reign 15 kings and 226 years, against 225 1/2 years on P. No. 5, which proves that he reckoned this brief reign of 6 months with Girra-imitti, hence his figure is 8 for Girra-imiti, not 7 as on P. No. 5.

22

AVELD-BLUNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

TABLE OF KINGS.

Names

YEARS

Names

YEARS

Kish (1)

Erecii (l)

1.

Ga-ur

1200

i.

MeskemgaSer

325

2.

Gulla-Nidaba(ezen)-an-na..

. 960

2.

Enme(r)kar

420

3.

3.

Lugalbanda

1200

4.

4.

Dumuzi %

100

5.

Ba-ba(?)

5.

GilgameS

126

6.

Bu- d EN -ZU(?)

6.

Ur- d *Nungal

30

7.

Gallibura

960

7.

Utulkalamma

15

8.

Kalumurau

840

8.

Labaser

9

9.

Duggagib

900

9.

Ennunnadanna

8

10.

Atab

600

10.

hede

36

11.

Atabba

840

11.

Melamanna

6

12.

Arpium

720

12.

Lngalkiaga

36

13.

Etana

1500

14.

Balih

400

Total 12 kings

2310 years

15.

Enmenunna

660

16.

Melam-Kisk

900

17.

Barsalmunna

1200

18.

Tupzah

140

Ur (l)

19.

20.

Tizkar

Ilku

306

900

1.

Mesannipadda

80 (circa 4000)

21.

Utasadum

1200

2.

Meskem- d Nannar

36

22.

Enmenbaragigur

900

3.

Elulu

25

23.

Agga

625

4.

Balulu

36

Total 23 kings

24510 years, 3

Total 4 kings

177 years

months, 3 days

Names

Years

Date

Contemporary Rulers, etc.

Awan

circa

1.

3900

Period of geometrical pottery well

2.

advanced. Linear writing signs in

3.

Ku-ul.

36

use and probably much earlier. Early

Total

3 kings

356 years

cylinder seals. Animal file motif in stone carving. Mesilim possibly belongs to Awan dynasty.

1.

2.

Lab

Dadasig

Kish (2)

201 + ?

circa

3750

W-B. 1923, 444. THE SUMERO-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OF LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY 23

TABLE OF KINGS.

Names

Years

Date

Contemporary Rulers, etc.

3.

Mamagal

360

4.

Kalbura

195

5.

Umuse

360

6.

.... nunna

180

7.

Ibinis (?)

290

Enbi-Asktar, conquered by Ensagku-

8.

Lugalmu

360

sanna, is said to have been the last

Total 8 kings

3195 years

king of Kish in this period.

Hamasi

circa

1.

Hadanis

360 years

3560

%

Urzaged called king of KiSh, possibly

belongs to Hamasi.

Erech (2)

circa

1.

Enugduanna (Ensagkusanna)

420

3450

Lugalkigubnilah, Lugalkisalsi,

at Erech.

Total 3 (?) kings

Ur (2)

1.

3357

2.

3.

-

4.

lu

Total 4 kings

108 years

Adab

Lugalmundu

90

3249

Ila-Shamash king of Maer in this

(Mebasi)

period. Menes and successors in Egypt.

(Lugaldalu)

Suruppak magistrates.

Maer

3159

Enhegal at

Lagash

1. Ansir

30

Ur-Nina )

2. \Lugaltar\z\

25 ?

Akurgal ,

30

Eannatum r

_ _ Zuzu at Ak§ak.

> Lagash

4. [Zw7rt£-?-]lu-gaI

20

30

9

Entemena j

Total 6 kings.

136 years

Kish (3)

3023

Enannatum 11 J Ukus at Umma.

Kug- d \Bau (contemporary with

100

Enetarzi

> Lagash

next dynasty).

Urukagina

] Lugalzaggisi

(son), Umma.

24

WELD-BLENDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

TABLE OF KINGS.

Names

Years

Date

Contemporary rulers, etc.

Ak§ak

3023

1.

Unzi

30

2.

Undalulu

6

3.

Urnr

6

Contemporary with Kug-Bau and

4.

Gimil- d *Sahan

20

later patesis of early Lagash.

5.

Ishu-il

24

6.

Gimil- d Sin

7

Total six kings

93 years

Kish (4)

2930

1.

Gimil- d Sin

25

2.

Ur- d Ilbaba

400

(read 6 2 / 3 )

3.

Zimudar

30

4.

Usi-watar

7

Possibly contemporary with the

5.

Ashdar-muti

11

Aksak dynasty

6.

Ishme- d Shamash

11

7.

Nannijah

7

Total 7 kings

491 years

(97 2 / 3 )

Erech (3)

2833

Lugalzaggisi

25

Agade

Patesis of Lagash

1.

Sharrnkin-ilabani

56

2808

Engilsa

2.

Rimush

9

2752

Ur-E

3.

ManishtiSsu

15

2743

Lugal-usumgal

4.

Naram- d, Sin

38 (?)

2728

Ugrae

5.

Shargalisharri

24 (?)

2690

Period of anarchy

6 *

Igigi )

2666

7.

Imi f

0

0

8.

Nani (

9.

Elulu /

10.

Dudu

21

2663

Ur-Bau

11. Gimil-durul

15 2642

Total 1 1 kings

181 years

1. Urnigin

Erech (4)

7

2627

W-B. 1923, 444. THE 8UMEE0-ACCADIAN SYSTEM OF LEGENDAJ1Y AND HISTOBICAL CHRONOLOGY 25

TABLE OF KINGS.

Names

Yeabs

Date

CONTEMPOHAEY ItlJLEBS,

2.

Ur-gigir

6

Patesis of Lagash

3.

Kudda

6

Ur gar.

4.

Gimil-ili

5

Nammahni.

5.

Ur- d Babbar

6

Ur-Ninsun.

Total 5 kings

30 years

Gutium

2597

1.

Imta

3

2.

InkiSu

6

Gudea (2550)

3.

Nikillagab

6

4.

Sulme

6

5.

ElulumeS

6

6.

InimabakeS

5

7.

IgeSaus

6

8.

Jarlagab

15

9.

Ibate

3

10.

Jarla(gas)

3

Ur-Ningirsu.

11.

Kurum

1

12.

nedin

3

13.

rabum

2

14.

Iraram

2

15.

Ibranum

1

16.

Hablum

2

17.

Gimil-Sin

7

18.

Jarlaganda

7

19.

7

20.

Tiriga(n)

40 days.

Total 21 (20) kings

125 years,

40 days

Ebech (5)

2472

Utuhegal

7 1/6 +

7 days 1

Ue (3)

1.

Ur- d, Nammu

18

2465

Patesis of Lagash

2.

Dungi

46 (47)

2447

Urabba

3.

Bur- d, Sin

9

2401

4.

Gimil- d Sin

9

2393

Ur-lama

5.

Ibi- d, Sin

26 (24) (25) 2384

Total 5 kings

108 years

1 Text has 420 years and seven days on the more natural rendering of the figures. That is clearly impossible and consequently su-Si must be taken as an error or read one sixth.

26

WELD-BLUNDELL COLLECTION VOL. II

TABLE OF

KINGS.

Names

Years

Dates

Contemporary rulers, etc.

Is IN

2357

Kingdom of Ellasar.

1.

Ishbi-Girra

33

Naplanum (2357)

2.

Gimil-ilishu

10

2324

Emisum (2336)

3.

Idin- d *Dagan

21

, 2314

Samum (2308)

4.

Ishme- d *Dagan

20

2293

5.

Lipit-Ashdar

11

2273

6.

Ur-^Ninurta

28

2262

Zabaja (2273) Babylon

7.

Bur- d, Sin

21

2234

Gungunum (2264) Sumu-abu (2225)

8.

Lipit- d *Enlil

5

2213

Abi-sare (2337)

9.

Girra-imiti

8

2208

Sumu-ilum (2226)

10.

d *Enlil-bani

24

2200

Sumu-la-ilu(2211)

11.

Zambija

3

2176

Nur-Adad (2197)

12.

Iter-pi-sha

4

2173

13.

Urdukugga

4

2169

♦

14.

d -Sin-magir

11

2165

Total 14 kings

203 years

15.

Damik-ili-shu

(Fotheringham’s

23 2154

corrected chronology 2076)

End of Isin dynasty 2131

of Babylon.