United States Code/Title 2/Chapter 5

§ 131. Collections composing Library; location
The Library of Congress, composed of the books, maps, and other publications which on December 1, 1873, remained in existence, from the collections theretofore united under authority of law and those added from time to time by purchase, exchange, donation, reservation from publications ordered by Congress, acquisition of material under the copyright law, and otherwise, shall be preserved in the Library Building.

§ 132. Departments of Library
The Library of Congress shall be arranged in two departments, a general library and a law library.

§ 132a. Appropriations for increase of general library
The unexpended balance of any sums appropriated by Congress for the increase of the general library, together with such sums as may hereafter be appropriated to the same purpose, shall be laid out under the direction of the Joint Committee of Congress on the Library.

§ 132a-1. Obligations for reimbursable and revolving fund activities; limitation
Effective for fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1995, obligations for any reimbursable and revolving fund activities performed by the Library of Congress are limited to the total amounts provided
 * (1) in the annual regular appropriations Act making appropriations for the legislative branch, or
 * (2) in a supplemental appropriations Act that makes appropriations for the legislative branch.

§ 132a-2. Furniture, furnishings, and office and library equipment; transfer of funds
(a) Transfer of funds In addition to any other transfer authority provided by law, during fiscal year 2001 and fiscal years thereafter, the Librarian of Congress may transfer to and among available accounts of the Library of Congress amounts appropriated to the Librarian from funds for the purchase, installation, maintenance, and repair of furniture, furnishings, and office and library equipment.

(b) Availability of funds Any amounts transferred pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall be merged with and be available for the same purpose and for the same period as the appropriation or account to which such amounts are transferred.

(c) Approval of Congress The Librarian may transfer amounts pursuant to subsection (a) of this section only with the approval of the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and Senate.

§ 132b. Joint Committee on the Library
The Joint Committee of Congress on the Library shall, on and after January 3, 1947, consist of the chairman and four members of the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate and the chairman and four members of the Committee on House Oversight of the House of Representatives.

§ 133. Joint Committee during recess of Congress
The portion of the Joint Committee of Congress on the Library on the part of the Senate remaining in office as Senators shall during the recess of Congress exercise the powers and discharge the duties conferred by law upon the Joint Committee of Congress on the Library.

§ 134. Incidental expenses of law library
The incidental expenses of the law library shall be paid out of the appropriations for the Library of Congress.

§ 135. Purchase of books for law library
The Librarian shall make the purchases of books for the law library, under the direction of and pursuant to the catalogue furnished him by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

§ 135a. Books and sound-reproduction records for blind and other physically handicapped residents; annual appropriations; purchases
There is authorized to be appropriated annually to the Library of Congress, in addition to appropriations otherwise made to said Library, such sums for expenditure under the direction of the Librarian of Congress as may be necessary to provide books published either in raised characters, on sound-reproduction recordings or in any other form, and for purchase, maintenance, and replacement of reproducers for such sound-reproduction recordings, for the use of the blind and for other physically handicapped residents of the United States, including the several States, Territories, insular possessions, and the District of Columbia, all of which books, recordings, and reproducers will remain the property of the Library of Congress but will be loaned to blind and to other physically handicapped readers certified by competent authority as unable to read normal printed material as a result of physical limitations, under regulations prescribed by the Librarian of Congress for this service. In the purchase of books in either raised characters or in sound-reproduction recordings the Librarian of Congress, without reference to the provisions of section 5 of title 41, shall give preference to nonprofit-making institutions or agencies whose activities are primarily concerned with the blind and with other physically handicapped persons, in all cases where the prices or bids submitted by such institutions or agencies are, by said Librarian, under all the circumstances and needs involved, determined to be fair and reasonable.

§ 135a-1. Library of musical scores, instructional texts, and other specialized materials for use of blind persons or other physically handicapped residents; authorization of appropriations
(a) The Librarian of Congress shall establish and maintain a library of musical scores, instructional texts, and other specialized materials for the use of the blind and for other physically handicapped residents of the United States and its possessions in furthering their educational, vocational, and cultural opportunities in the field of music. Such scores, texts, and materials shall be made available on a loan basis under regulations developed by the Librarian or his designee in consultation with persons, organizations, and agencies engaged in work for the blind and for other physically handicapped persons.

(b) There are authorized to be appropriated such amounts as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

§ 135b. Local and regional centers; preference to blind and other physically handicapped veterans; rules and regulations; authorization of appropriations
(a) The Librarian of Congress may contract or otherwise arrange with such public or other nonprofit libraries, agencies, or organizations as he may deem appropriate to serve as local or regional centers for the circulation of
 * (1) books, recordings, and reproducers referred to in section 135a of this title, and
 * (2) musical scores, instructional texts, and other specialized materials referred to in section 135a–1 of this title, under such conditions and regulations as he may prescribe. In the lending of such books, recordings, reproducers, musical scores, instructional texts, and other specialized materials, preference shall at all times be given to the needs of the blind and of the other physically handicapped persons who have been honorably discharged from the Armed Forces of the United States.

(b) There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.

§ 136. Librarian of Congress; appointment; rules and regulations
The Librarian of Congress shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. He shall make rules and regulations for the government of the Library.

§ 136a-2. Librarian of Congress and Deputy Librarian of Congress; compensation
Notwithstanding any other provision of law—

(1) the Librarian of Congress shall be compensated at an annual rate of pay which is equal to the annual rate of basic pay payable for positions at level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5; and

(2) the Deputy Librarian of Congress shall be compensated at an annual rate of pay which is equal to the annual rate of basic pay payable for positions at level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5.

§ 136c. Authorized additional expenses and services for which Library of Congress salary appropriations are available
From and after October 1, 1983, appropriations in this Act available to the Library of Congress for salaries shall be available for expenses of personnel security and suitability investigations of Library employees; special and temporary services (including employees engaged by day or hour or in piecework); and services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5.

§ 137. Use and regulation of law library
The justices of the Supreme Court shall have free access to the law library; and they are authorized to make regulations, not inconsistent with law, for the use of the same during the sittings of the court. But such regulations shall not restrict any person authorized to take books from the Library from having access to the law library, or using the books therein in the same manner as he may be entitled to use the books of the general Library.

§ 137c. Withdrawal of books from Library of Congress
The chief judge and associate judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia and the chief judge and associate judges of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia are authorized to use and take books from the Library of Congress in the same manner and subject to the same regulations as justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.

§ 138. Law library; hours kept open
The law library shall be kept open every day so long as either House of Congress is in session.

§ 140. Employees; fitness
All persons employed in and about said Library of Congress under the Librarian shall be appointed solely with reference to their fitness for their particular duties.

§ 141. Allocation of responsibilities for Library buildings and grounds
(a) Architect of the Capitol
 * (1) In general
 * The Architect of the Capitol shall have charge of all work at the Library of Congress buildings and grounds (as defined in section 167j of this title) that affects—
 * (A) the structural integrity of the buildings;
 * (B) buildings systems, including mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and elevators;
 * (C) the architectural features of the buildings;
 * (D) compliance with building and fire codes, laws, and regulations with respect to the specific responsibilities set for [1] under this paragraph;
 * (E) the care and maintenance of Library grounds; and
 * (F) purchase of all equipment necessary to fulfill the responsibilities set forth under this paragraph.
 * (2) Employees
 * The employees required for the performance of the duties under paragraph (1) shall be appointed by the Architect of the Capitol.

(b) Librarian of Congress The Librarian of Congress shall have charge of all work (other than work under subsection (a) of this section) at the Library of Congress buildings and grounds.

(c) Transfer of funds The Architect of the Capitol and the Librarian of Congress may enter into agreements with each other to perform work under this section, and, subject to the approval of the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate and the Joint Committee on the Library, may transfer between themselves appropriations or other available funds to pay the costs therefor.

§ 141a. Design, installation, and maintenance of security systems; transfer of responsibility
The responsibility for design, installation, and maintenance of security systems to protect the physical security of the buildings and grounds of the Library of Congress is transferred from the Architect of the Capitol to the Capitol Police Board. Such design, installation, and maintenance shall be carried out under the direction of the Committee on House Oversight of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, and without regard to section 5 of title 41. Any alteration to a structural, mechanical, or architectural feature of the buildings and grounds of the Library of Congress that is required for a security system under the preceding sentence may be carried out only with the approval of the Architect of the Capitol.

§ 142a. Office of administrative assistant and disbursing officer in Library of Congress abolished; transfer of duties to appointee of Librarian
From and after June 10, 1928, the office of administrative assistant and disbursing officer of the Library of Congress, created by section 142 of this title, is abolished and thereafter the duties required to be performed by the administrative assistant and disbursing officer shall be performed, under the direction of the Librarian of Congress, by such persons as the Librarian may appoint for those purposes.

§ 142b. Certifying officers of the Library of Congress; accountability; relief by Comptroller General
On and after June 13, 1957, each officer and employee of the Library of Congress, including the Copyright Office, who has been duly authorized in writing by the Librarian of Congress to certify vouchers for payment from appropriations and funds, shall
 * (1) be held responsible for the existence and correctness of the facts recited in the certificate or otherwise stated on the voucher or its supporting papers and for the legality of the proposed payment under the appropriation or fund involved;
 * (2) [Repealed];
 * (3) be held responsible and accountable for the correctness of the computations of certified vouchers; and
 * (4) be held accountable for and required to make good to the United States the amount of any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate made by him, as well as for any payment prohibited by law or which did not represent a legal obligation under the appropriation or fund involved: Provided, That the Comptroller General of the United States may, at his discretion, relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for any payment otherwise proper whenever he finds
 * (1) that the certification was based on official records and that such certifying officer or employee did not know, and by reasonable diligence and inquiry could not have ascertained, the actual facts, or
 * (2) that the obligation was incurred in good faith, that the payment was not contrary to any statutory provision specifically prohibiting payments of the character involved, and the United States has received value for such payment: Provided further, That the Comptroller General shall relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for an overpayment for transportation services made to any common carrier covered by section 3726 of title 31, whenever he finds that the overpayment occurred solely because the administrative examination made prior to payment of the transportation bill did not include a verification of transportation rates, freight classifications, or land grant deductions.

§ 142c. Enforcement of liability of certifying officers of Library of Congress
The liability of these certifying officers or employees shall be enforced in the same manner and to the same extent as now provided by law with respect to enforcement of the liability of disbursing and other accountable officers; and they shall have the right to apply for and obtain a decision by the Comptroller General on any question of law involved in a payment on any vouchers presented to them for certification.

§ 142d. Disbursing officer of the Library of Congress; disbursements in accordance with voucher; examination of vouchers; liability
The disbursing officer of the Library of Congress shall
 * (1) disburse moneys of the Library of Congress only upon, and in strict accordance with, vouchers duly certified by the Librarian of Congress or by an officer or employee of the Library of Congress duly authorized in writing by the Librarian to certify such vouchers;
 * (2) make such examination of vouchers as may be necessary to ascertain whether they are in proper form, and duly certified and approved; and
 * (3) be held accountable accordingly: Provided, That the disbursing officer shall not be held accountable or responsible for any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate, the responsibility for which, under section 142b of this title, is imposed upon a certifying officer or employee of the Library of Congress.

===§ 142e. Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress; disbursements for Congressional Budget Office, accountability; financial management support to Congressional Budget Office under agreement of Librarian of Congress and Director of Congressional Budget Office; Congressional Budget Office certifying officers: voucher certifications, accountability, relief by Comptroller General===

From and after January 1, 1976, the Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress is authorized to disburse funds appropriated for the Congressional Budget Office, and the Library of Congress shall provide financial management support to the Congressional Budget Office as may be required and mutually agreed to by the Librarian of Congress and the Director of the Congressional Budget Office. The Library of Congress is further authorized to compute and disburse the basic pay of all personnel of the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to the provisions of section 5504 of title 5, except the Director, who as head of an agency, shall have pay computed and disbursed pursuant to the provisions of section 5505 of title 5.

All vouchers certified for payment by duly authorized certifying officers of the Library of Congress shall be supported with a certification by an officer or employee of the Congressional Budget Office duly authorized in writing by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office to certify payments from appropriations of the Congressional Budget Office. The Congressional Budget Office certifying officers shall
 * (1) be held responsible for the existence and correctness of the facts recited in the certificate or otherwise stated on the voucher or its supporting paper and the legality of the proposed payment under the appropriation or fund involved,
 * (2) be held responsible and accountable for the correctness of the computations of certifications made, and
 * (3) be held accountable for and required to make good to the United States the amount of any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate made by him, as well as for any payment prohibited by law which did not represent a legal obligation under the appropriation or fund involved: Provided, That the Comptroller General of the United States may, at his discretion, relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for any payment otherwise proper whenever he finds
 * (1) that the certification was based on official records and that such certifying officer or employee did not know, and by reasonable diligence and inquiry could not have ascertained the actual facts, or
 * (2) that the obligation was incurred in good faith, that the payment was not contrary to any statutory provision specifically prohibiting payments of the character involved, and the United States has received value for such payment: Provided further, That the Comptroller General shall relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for an overpayment for transportation services made to any common carrier covered by section 3726 of title 31, whenever he finds that the overpayment occurred solely because the administrative examination made prior to payment of the transportation bill did not include a verification of transportation rates, freight classifications, or land grant deductions.

The Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress shall not be held accountable or responsible for any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate, the responsibility for which is imposed upon a certifying officer or employee of the Congressional Budget Office.

§ 142f. Office of Technology Assessment; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management support by Library of Congress
From and after October 1, 1981, the Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress is authorized to disburse funds appropriated for the Office of Technology Assessment, and the Library of Congress shall provide financial management support to the Office of Technology Assessment as may be required and mutually agreed to by the Librarian of Congress and the Director of the Office of Technology Assessment. The Library of Congress is further authorized to compute and disburse the basic pay of all personnel of the Office of Technology Assessment pursuant to the provisions of section 5504 of title 5.

All vouchers certified for payment by duly authorized certifying officers of the Library of Congress shall be supported with a certification by an officer or employee of the Office of Technology Assessment duly authorized in writing by the Director of the Office of Technology Assessment to certify payments from appropriations of the Office of Technology Assessment. The Office of Technology Assessment certifying officers shall
 * (1) be held responsible for the existence and correctness of the facts recited in the certificate or otherwise stated on the voucher or its supporting paper and the legality of the proposed payment under the appropriation or fund involved,
 * (2) be held responsible and accountable for the correctness of the computations of certifications made, and
 * (3) be held accountable for and required to make good to the United States the amount of any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate made by him, as well as for any payment prohibited by law which did not represent a legal obligation under the appropriation or fund involved: Provided, That the Comptroller General of the United States may, at his discretion, relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for any payment otherwise proper whenever he finds
 * (1) that the certification was based on official records and that such certifying officer or employee did not know, and by reasonable diligence and inquiry could not have ascertained the actual facts, or
 * (2) that the obligation was incurred in good faith, that the payment was not contrary to any statutory provision specifically prohibiting payments of the character involved, and the United States has received value for such payment: Provided further, That the Comptroller General shall relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for an overpayment for transportation services made to any common carrier covered by section 3726 of title 31, whenever he finds that the overpayment occurred solely because of [1] the administrative examination made prior to payment of the transportation bill did not include a verification of transportation rates, freight classifications, or land grant deductions.

The Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress shall not be held accountable or responsible for any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate, the responsibility for which is imposed upon a certifying officer or employee of the Office of Technology Assessment.

§ 142g. Copyright Royalty Tribunal; computation and disbursement of pay of Tribunal personnel by Library of Congress
From and after October 1, 1983, the Library of Congress is authorized to compute and disburse basic pay of all personnel of the Copyright Royalty Tribunal pursuant to the provisions of section 5504 of title 5.

§ 142h. Biomedical Ethics Board; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress
Effective October 1, 1988, and to continue thereafter, the Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress is authorized to—
 * (1) disburse funds appropriated for the Biomedical Ethics Board;
 * (2) compute and disburse the basic pay for all personnel of the Biomedical Ethics Board; and
 * (3) provide financial management services and support to the Biomedical Ethics Board,

in the same manner as provided with respect to the Office of Technology Assessment under section 142f of this title.

§ 142i. United States Capitol Preservation Commission; provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress
Effective June 15, 1989, the Library of Congress shall provide financial management services and support to the United States Capitol Preservation Commission as may be required and mutually agreed to by the Librarian of Congress and the Cochairmen of the United States Capitol Preservation Commission.

===§ 142j. John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress; payment for services===

From and after October 1, 1988, the Library of Congress is authorized to—
 * (1) disburse funds appropriated for the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development;
 * (2) compute and disburse the basic pay for all personnel of the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development;
 * (3) provide financial management services and support to the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development, in the same manner as provided with respect to the Office of Technology Assessment under section 142f of this title; and
 * (4) collect from the funds appropriated for the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development the full costs of providing the services specified in (1), (2), and (3) above, as provided under an agreement for services ordered under 31 U.S.C. 1535 and 1536.

§ 142k. Library of Congress disbursing office; payroll processing functions
From and after October 1, 1989, the Librarian of Congress shall take appropriate action to assure that no legislative branch employee whose salary is disbursed by the Library of Congress disbursing office is adversely affected by alternative ways of performing the personnel/payroll processing function.

§ 142l. Disbursing Officer of Library of Congress; disbursements for Office of Compliance; voucher certifications, accountability and relief by Comptroller General
From and after October 1, 1996, the Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress is authorized to disburse funds appropriated for the Office of Compliance, and the Library of Congress shall provide financial management support to the Office of Compliance as may be required and mutually agreed to by the Librarian of Congress and the Executive Director of the Office of Compliance. The Library of Congress is further authorized to compute and disburse the basic pay of all personnel of the Office of Compliance pursuant to the provisions of section 5504 of title 5.

All vouchers certified for payment by duly authorized certifying officers of the Library of Congress shall be supported with a certification by an officer or employee of the Office of Compliance duly authorized in writing by the Executive Director of the Office of Compliance to certify payments from appropriations of the Office of Compliance. The Office of Compliance certifying officers shall
 * (1) be held responsible for the existence and correctness of the facts recited in the certificate or otherwise stated on the voucher or its supporting paper and the legality of the proposed payment under the appropriation or fund involved,
 * (2) be held responsible and accountable for the correctness of the computations of certifications made, and
 * (3) be held accountable for and required to make good to the United States the amount of any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate made by them, as well as for any payment prohibited by law which did not represent a legal obligation under the appropriation or fund involved: Provided, That the Comptroller General of the United States may, at his discretion, relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for any payment otherwise proper whenever he finds
 * (1) that the certification was based on official records and that such certifying officer or employee did not know, and by reasonable diligence and inquiry could not have ascertained the actual facts, or
 * (2) that the obligation was incurred in good faith, that the payment was not contrary to any statutory provision specifically prohibiting payments of the character involved, and the United States has received value for such payment: Provided further, That the Comptroller General shall relieve such certifying officer or employee of liability for an overpayment for transportation services made to any common carrier covered by section 3726 of title 31, whenever he finds that the overpayment occurred solely because the administrative examination made prior to payment of the transportation bill did not include a verification of transportation rates, freight classifications, or land grant deductions.

The Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress shall not be held accountable or responsible for any illegal, improper, or incorrect payment resulting from any false, inaccurate, or misleading certificate, the responsibility for which is imposed upon a certifying officer or employee of the Office of Compliance.

§ 143. Appropriations for Library Building and Grounds
All appropriations made to the Architect of the Capitol on account of the Library Building and Grounds shall be disbursed for that purpose in the same manner as other appropriations under his control.

§ 143a. Disbursement of funds
From and after October 1, 1978, funds available to the Library of Congress may be expended to reimburse the Department of State for medical services rendered to employees of the Library of Congress stationed abroad and for contracting on behalf of and hiring alien employees for the Library of Congress under compensation plans comparable to those authorized by section 444 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended (22 U.S.C. 889 (a)), for purchase or hire of passenger motor vehicles; for payment of travel, storage and transportation of household goods, and transportation and per diem expenses for families enroute (not to exceed twenty-four); for benefits comparable to those payable under sections 911(9), 911(11), and 941 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1136 (9), 1136 (11), and 1156, respectively); and travel benefits comparable with those which are now or hereafter may be granted single employees of the Agency for International Development, including single Foreign Service personnel assigned to A.I.D. projects, by the Administrator of the Agency for International Development—or his designee—under the authority of section 2396 (b) of title 22; subject to such rules and regulations as may be issued by the Librarian of Congress.

§ 143b. Payments in advance for subscriptions or other charges
From and after October 1, 1980, payments in advance for subscriptions or other charges for bibliographical data, publications, materials in any other form, and services may be made by the Librarian of Congress whenever he determines it to be more prompt, efficient, or economical to do so in the interest of carrying out required Library programs.

§ 144. Copies of Statutes at Large
Ten of the copies of the Statutes at Large, published by Little, Brown & Co., which were deposited in the Library prior to February 5, 1859, shall be retained by the Librarian for the use of the justices of the Supreme Court, during the terms of court.

§ 145. Copies of journals and documents
Two copies of the journals and documents, and of each book printed by either House of Congress, well bound in calf, shall be deposited in the Library, and must not be taken therefrom.

§ 145a. Periodical binding of printed hearings of committee testimony
The Librarian of the Library of Congress is authorized and directed to have bound at the end of each session of Congress the printed hearings of testimony taken by each committee of the Congress at the preceding session.

§ 146. Deposit of Journals of Senate and House
Twenty-five copies of the public Journals of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives, shall be deposited in the Library of the United States, at the seat of government, to be delivered to Members of Congress during any session, and to all other persons authorized by law to use the books in the Library, upon their application to the Librarian, and giving their responsible receipts for the same, in like manner as for other books.

§ 149. Transfer of books to other libraries
The Librarian of Congress may from time to time transfer to other governmental libraries within the District of Columbia, including the Public Library, books and material in the possession of the Library of Congress in his judgment no longer necessary to its uses, but in the judgment of the custodians of such other collections likely to be useful to them, and may dispose of or destroy such material as has become useless: Provided, That no records of the Federal Government shall be transferred, disposed of, or destroyed under the authority granted in this section.

§ 150. Sale of copies of card indexes and other publications
The Librarian of Congress is authorized to furnish to such institutions or individuals as may desire to buy them, such copies of the card indexes and other publications of the Library as may not be required for its ordinary transactions, and charge for the same a price which will cover their cost and ten per centum added, and all moneys received by him shall be deposited in the Treasury and shall be credited to the appropriation for necessary expenses for the preparation and distribution of catalog cards and other publications of the Library.

§ 151. Smithsonian Library
The library collected by the Smithsonian Institution under the provisions of the Act of August 10, 1846, chapter 25, and removed from the building of that institution, with the consent of the Regents thereof, to the Library of Congress, shall, while there deposited, be subject to the same regulations as the Library of Congress, except as hereinafter provided.

§ 152. Care and use of Smithsonian Library
The Smithsonian Institution shall have the use of the library referred to in section 151 of this title in like manner as before its removal. All the books, maps, and charts of the Smithsonian Library shall be properly cared for and preserved in like manner as are those of the Congressional Library; from which the Smithsonian Library shall not be removed except on reimbursement by the Smithsonian Institution to the Treasury of the United States of expenses incurred in binding and in taking care of the same, or upon such terms and conditions as shall be mutually agreed upon by Congress and the Regents of the Institution.

§ 153. Control of library of House of Representatives
The library of the House of Representatives shall be under the control and direction of the Librarian of Congress, who shall provide all needful books of reference therefor. The librarian, two assistant librarians, and assistant in the library, shall be appointed by the Clerk of the House, with the approval of the Speaker of the House of Representatives. No removals shall be made from the said positions except for cause reported to and approved by the Committee on Rules.

§ 154. Library of Congress Trust Fund Board; members; quorum; seal; rules and regulations
A board is created and established, to be known as the “Library of Congress Trust Fund Board” (hereinafter referred to as the board), which shall consist of the Secretary of the Treasury (or an Assistant Secretary designated in writing by the Secretary of the Treasury), the chairman and the vice chair of the Joint Committee on the Library, the Librarian of Congress, two persons appointed by the President for a term of five years each (the first appointments being for three and five years, respectively), four persons appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives (in consultation with the minority leader of the House of Representatives) for a term of five years each (the first appointments being for two, three, four, and five years, respectively), and four persons appointed by the majority leader of the Senate (in consultation with the minority leader of the Senate) for a term of five years each (the first appointments being for two, three, four, and five years, respectively). Upon request of the chair of the Board, any member whose term has expired may continue to serve on the Trust Fund Board until the earlier of the date on which such member’s successor is appointed or the expiration of the 1-year period which begins on the date such member’s term expires. Seven members of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the board shall have an official seal, which shall be judicially noticed. The board may adopt rules and regulations in regard to its procedure and the conduct of its business.

§ 155. Compensation and expenses of Library of Congress Trust Fund Board
No compensation shall be paid to the members of the board for their services as such members, but they shall be reimbursed for the expenses necessarily incurred by them, out of the income from the fund or funds in connection with which such expenses are incurred. The voucher of the chairman of the board shall be sufficient evidence that the expenses are properly allowable. Any expenses of the board, including the cost of its seal, not properly chargeable to the income of any trust fund held by it, shall be estimated for in the annual estimates of the librarian for the maintenance of the Library of Congress.

§ 156. Gifts, etc., to Library of Congress Trust Fund Board
The Board is authorized to accept, receive, hold, and administer such gifts, bequests, or devises of property for the benefit of, or in connection with, the Library, its collections, or its service, as may be approved by the Board and by the Joint Committee on the Library.

§ 157. Funds of Library of Congress Trust Fund Board; management of
The moneys or securities composing the trust funds given or bequeathed to the board shall be receipted for by the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall invest, reinvest, or retain investments as the board may from time to time determine. The income as and when collected shall be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States, who shall enter it in a special account to the credit of the Library of Congress and subject to disbursement by the librarian for the purposes in each case specified; and the Treas­urer of the United States is authorized to honor the requisitions of the librarian made in such manner and in accordance with such regulations as the Treasurer may from time to time prescribe: Provided, however, That the board is not authorized to engage in any business nor to exercise any voting privilege which may be incidental to securities in its hands, nor shall the board make any investments that could not lawfully be made by a trust company in the District of Columbia, except that it may make any investments directly authorized by the instrument of gift, and may retain any investments accepted by it.

§ 158. Deposits by Library of Congress Trust Fund Board with Treasurer of United States
In the absence of any specification to the contrary, the board may deposit the principal sum, in cash, with the Treasurer of the United States as a permanent loan to the United States Treasury, and the Treasurer shall thereafter credit such deposit with interest at a rate which is the higher of the rate of 4 per centum per annum or a rate which is 0.25 percentage points less than a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the current average market yield on outstanding long-term marketable obligations of the United States, adjusted to the nearest one-eighth of 1 per centum, payable semi-annually, such interest, as income, being subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress for the purposes specified: Provided, however, That the total of such principal sums at any time so held by the Treasurer under this authorization shall not exceed the sum of $10,000,000.

§ 158a. Temporary possession of gifts of money or securities to Library of Congress; investment
In the case of a gift of money or securities offered to the Library of Congress, if, because of conditions attached by the donor or similar considerations, expedited action is necessary, the Librarian of Congress may take temporary possession of the gift, subject to approval under section 156 of this title. The gift shall be receipted for and invested, reinvested, or retained as provided in section 157 of this title, except that—
 * (1) a gift of securities may not be invested or reinvested; and
 * (2) any investment or reinvestment of a gift of money shall be made in an interest bearing obligation of the United States or an obligation guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States.

If the gift is not so approved within the 12-month period after the Librarian so takes possession, the principal of the gift shall be returned to the donor and any income earned during that period shall be available for use with respect to the Library of Congress as provided by law.

§ 159. Perpetual succession and suits by or against Library of Congress Trust Fund Board
The board shall have perpetual succession, with all the usual powers and obligations of a trustee, including the power to sell, except as herein limited, in respect of all property, moneys, or securities which shall be conveyed, transferred, assigned, bequeathed, delivered, or paid over to it for the purposes above specified. The board may be sued in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, which is given jurisdiction of such suits, for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of any trust accepted by it.

§ 160. Disbursement of gifts, etc., to Library
Nothing in sections 154 to 162 and 163 [1] of this title shall be construed as prohibiting or restricting the Librarian of Congress from accepting in the name of the United States gifts or bequests of money for immediate disbursement in the interest of the Library, its collections, or its service. Such gifts or bequests, after acceptance by the librarian, shall be paid by the donor or his representative to the Treasurer of the United States, whose receipts shall be their acquittance. The Treasurer of the United States shall enter them in a special account to the credit of the Library of Congress and subject to disbursement by the librarian for the purposes in each case specified.

Upon agreement by the Librarian of Congress and the Board, a gift or bequest accepted by the Librarian under the first paragraph of this section may be invested or reinvested in the same manner as provided for trust funds under section 157 of this title.

§ 161. Tax exemption of gifts, etc., to Library of Congress
Gifts or bequests or devises to or for the benefit of the Library of Congress, including those to the board, and the income therefrom, shall be exempt from all Federal taxes, including all taxes levied by the District of Columbia.

§ 162. Compensation of Library of Congress employees
Employees of the Library of Congress who perform special functions for the performance of which funds have been entrusted to the board or the librarian, or in connection with cooperative undertakings in which the Library of Congress is engaged, shall not be subject to section 209 of title 18; and section 5533 of title 5 shall not apply to any additional compensation so paid to such employees.

§ 162a. Gross salary of Library of Congress employees
Hereafter the gross salary of any position in the Library which is augmented by payment of an honorarium from other than appropriated funds under terms of section 162 of this title shall not exceed an amount, which when combined with such honorarium, will exceed the maximum salary provided in chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5.

§ 162b. Little Scholars Child Development Center; employee compensation and personnel matters
(a) Election of coverage; creditable service; qualification for survivor annuities and disability benefits; contributions to thrift savings plan; certification concerning creditable service
 * (1) This subsection shall apply to any individual who—
 * (A) is employed by the Library of Congress Child Development Center (known as the “Little Scholars Child Development Center”, in this section referred to as the “Center”) established under section 205(g)(1) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1991; and
 * (B) makes an election to be covered by this subsection with the Librarian of Congress, not later than the later of—
 * (i) 60 days after December 21, 2000; or
 * (ii) 60 days after the date the individual begins such employment.
 * (2)
 * (A) Any individual described under paragraph (1) may be credited, under section 8411 of title 5 for service as an employee of the Center before December 21, 2000, if such employee makes a payment of the deposit under section 8411(f)(2) of such title without application of section 8411(b)(3) of such title.
 * (B) An individual described under paragraph (1) shall be credited under section 8411 of title 5 for any service as an employee of the Center on or after December 21, 2000, if such employee has such amounts deducted and withheld from his pay as determined by the Office of Personnel Management which would be deducted and withheld from the basic pay of an employee under section 8422 of title 5.
 * (3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, any service performed by an individual described under paragraph (1) as an employee of the Center is deemed to be civilian service creditable under section 8411 of title 5 for purposes of qualifying for survivor annuities and disability benefits under subchapters IV and V of chapter 84 of such title, if such individual makes payment of an amount, determined by the Office of Personnel Management, which would have been deducted and withheld from the basic pay of such individual if such individual had been an employee subject to section 8422 of title 5 for such period so credited, together with interest thereon.
 * (4) An individual described under paragraph (1) shall be deemed an employee for purposes of chapter 84 of title 5, including subchapter III of such title,[1] and may make contributions under section 8432 of such title effective for the first applicable pay period beginning on or after the date such individual elects coverage under this section.
 * (5) The Office of Personnel Management shall accept the certification of the Librarian of Congress concerning creditable service for purposes of this subsection.

(b) Health insurance coverage Any individual who is employed by the Center on or after the date of enactment of this Act [December 21, 2000], shall be deemed an employee under section 8901 (1) of title 5 for purposes of health insurance coverage under chapter 89 of such title. An individual who is an employee of the Center on the date of enactment of this Act may elect coverage under this subsection before the 60th day after the date of enactment of this Act, and during such periods as determined by the Office of Personnel Management for employees of the Center employed after such date.

(c) Life insurance coverage An individual who is employed by the Center shall be deemed an employee under section 8701 (a) of title 5 for purposes of life insurance coverage under chapter 87 of such title.

(d) Government contributions by Librarian from available appropriations Government contributions for individuals receiving benefits under this section, as computed under sections 8423, 8432, 8708, and 8906 [2] shall be made by the Librarian of Congress from any appropriations available to the Library of Congress.

(e) Payroll and personnel functions of Library of Congress The Library of Congress, directly or by agreement with its designated representative, shall—
 * (1) process payroll for Center employees, including making deductions and withholdings from the pay of employees in the amounts determined under sections 8422, 8432, 8707, and 8905 of title 5;
 * (2) maintain appropriate personnel and payroll records for Center employees, and transmit appropriate information and records to the Office of Personnel Management; and
 * (3) transmit funds for Government and employee contributions under this section to the Office of Personnel Management.

(f) Responsibilities of Center The Center shall—
 * (1) pay to the Library of Congress funds sufficient to cover the gross salary and the employer’s share of taxes under section 3111 of title 26 for Center employees, in amounts computed by the Library of Congress;
 * (2) as required by the Library of Congress, reimburse the Library of Congress for reasonable administrative costs incurred under subsection (e)(1) of this section;
 * (3) comply with regulations and procedures prescribed by the Librarian of Congress for administration of this section;
 * (4) maintain appropriate records on all Center employees, as required by the Librarian of Congress; and
 * (5) consult with the Librarian of Congress on the administration and implementation of this section.

(g) Regulations The Librarian of Congress may prescribe regulations to carry out this section.

§ 164. Index and digest of State legislation; preparation
The Librarian of Congress is authorized and directed to prepare biennially an index to the legislation of the States of the United States enacted during the biennium, together with a supplemental digest of the more important legislation of the period.

§ 164a. Official distribution of State legislation index and digest
The Librarian of Congress is directed to have the indexes and digests authorized by section 164 of this title printed and bound for official distribution only.

§ 165. Authorization for appropriation for biennial index
There is authorized to be appropriated annually for carrying out the provisions of section 164 of this title the sum of $30,000, to remain available until expended.

§ 166. Congressional Research Service
(a) Redesignation of Legislative Reference Service The Legislative Reference Service in the Library of Congress is hereby continued as a separate department in the Library of Congress and is redesignated the “Congressional Research Service”.

(b) Functions and objectives It is the policy of Congress that—
 * (1) the Librarian of Congress shall, in every possible way, encourage, assist, and promote the Congressional Research Service in—
 * (A) rendering to Congress the most effective and efficient service,
 * (B) responding most expeditiously, effectively, and efficiently to the special needs of Congress, and
 * (C) discharging its responsibilities to Congress;
 * (2) the Librarian of Congress shall grant and accord to the Congressional Research Service complete research independence and the maximum practicable administrative independence consistent with these objectives.

(c) Appointment and compensation of Director, Deputy Director, and other necessary personnel; minimum grade for Senior Specialists; placement in grades GS–16, 17, and 18 of Specialists and Senior Specialists; appointment without regard to civil service laws and political affiliation and on basis of fitness to perform duties
 * (1) After consultation with the Joint Committee on the Library, the Librarian of Congress shall appoint the Director of the Congressional Research Service. The basic pay of the Director shall be at a per annum rate equal to the rate of basic pay provided for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5.
 * (2) The Librarian of Congress, upon the recommendation of the Director, shall appoint a Deputy Director of the Congressional Research Service and all other necessary personnel thereof. The basic pay of the Deputy Director shall be fixed in accordance with chapter 51 (relating to classification) and subchapter III (relating to General Schedule pay rates) of chapter 53 of title 5, but without regard to section 5108(a) of such title. The basic pay of all other necessary personnel of the Congressional Research Service shall be fixed in accordance with chapter 51 (relating to classification) and subchapter III (relating to General Schedule pay rates) of chapter 53 of title 5, except that—
 * (A) the grade of Senior Specialist in each field within the purview of subsection (e) of this section shall not be less than the highest grade in the executive branch of the Government to which research analysts and consultants, without supervisory responsibility, are currently assigned; and
 * (B) the positions of Specialist and Senior Specialist in the Congressional Research Service may be placed in GS–16, 17, and 18 of the General Schedule of section 5332 of title 5, without regard to section 5108(a) of such title, subject to the prior approval of the Joint Committee on the Library, of the placement of each such position in any of such grades.
 * (3) Each appointment made under paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection and subsection (e) of this section shall be without regard to the civil service laws, without regard to political affiliation, and solely on the basis of fitness to perform the duties of the position.

(d) Duties of Service; assistance to Congressional committees; list of terminating programs and subjects for analysis; legislative data, studies, etc.; information research; digest of bills, preparation; legislation, purpose and effect, and preparation of memoranda; information and research capability, development It shall be the duty of the Congressional Research Service, without partisan bias—
 * (1) upon request, to advise and assist any committee of the Senate or House of Representatives and any joint committee of Congress in the analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of legislative proposals within that committee’s jurisdiction, or of recommendations submitted to Congress, by the President or any executive agency, so as to assist the committee in—
 * (A) determining the advisability of enacting such proposals;
 * (B) estimating the probable results of such proposals and alternatives thereto; and
 * (C) evaluating alternative methods for accomplishing those results;
 * and, by providing such other research and analytical services as the committee considers appropriate for these purposes, otherwise to assist in furnishing a basis for the proper evaluation and determination of legislative proposals and recommendations generally; and in the performance of this duty the Service shall have authority, when so authorized by a committee and acting as the agent of that committee, to request of any department or agency of the United States the production of such books, records, correspondence, memoranda, papers, and documents as the Service considers necessary, and such department or agency of the United States shall comply with such request; and further, in the performance of this and any other relevant duty, the Service shall maintain continuous liaison with all committees;
 * (2) to make available to each committee of the Senate and House of Representatives and each joint committee of the two Houses, at the opening of a new Congress, a list of programs and activities being carried out under existing law scheduled to terminate during the current Congress, which are within the jurisdiction of the committee;
 * (3) to make available to each committee of the Senate and House of Representatives and each joint committee of the two Houses, at the opening of a new Congress, a list of subjects and policy areas which the committee might profitably analyze in depth;
 * (4) upon request, or upon its own initiative in anticipation of requests, to collect, classify, and analyze in the form of studies, reports, compilations, digests, bulletins, indexes, translations, and otherwise, data having a bearing on legislation, and to make such data available and serviceable to committees and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives and joint committees of Congress;
 * (5) upon request, or upon its own initiative in anticipation of requests, to prepare and provide information, research, and reference materials and services to committees and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives and joint committees of Congress to assist them in their legislative and representative functions;
 * (6) to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives;
 * (7) upon request made by any committee or Member of the Congress, to prepare and transmit to such committee or Member a concise memorandum with respect to one or more legislative measures upon which hearings by any committee of the Congress have been announced, which memorandum shall contain a statement of the purpose and effect of each such measure, a description of other relevant measures of similar purpose or effect previously introduced in the Congress, and a recitation of all action taken theretofore by or within the Congress with respect to each such other measure; and
 * (8) to develop and maintain an information and research capability, to include Senior Specialists, Specialists, other employees, and consultants, as necessary, to perform the functions provided for in this subsection.

(e) Specialists and Senior Specialists; appointment; fields of appointment The Librarian of Congress is authorized to appoint in the Congressional Research Service, upon the recommendation of the Director, Specialists and Senior Specialists in the following broad fields:
 * (1) agriculture;
 * (2) American government and public administration;
 * (3) American public law;
 * (4) conservation;
 * (5) education;
 * (6) engineering and public works;
 * (7) housing;
 * (8) industrial organization and corporation finance;
 * (9) international affairs;
 * (10) international trade and economic geography;
 * (11) labor and employment;
 * (12) mineral economics;
 * (13) money and banking;
 * (14) national defense;
 * (15) price economics;
 * (16) science;
 * (17) social welfare;
 * (18) taxation and fiscal policy;
 * (19) technology;
 * (20) transportation and communications;
 * (21) urban affairs;
 * (22) veterans’ affairs; and
 * (23) such other broad fields as the Director may consider appropriate.

Such Specialists and Senior Specialists, together with such other employees of the Congressional Research Service as may be necessary, shall be available for special work with the committees and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives and the joint committees of Congress for any of the purposes of subsection (d) of this section.

(f) Duties of Director; establishment and change of research and reference divisions or other organizational units, or both The Director is authorized—
 * (1) to classify, organize, arrange, group, and divide, from time to time, as he considers advisable, the requests for advice, assistance, and other services submitted to the Congressional Research Service by committees and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives and joint committees of Congress, into such classes and categories as he considers necessary to—
 * (A) expedite and facilitate the handling of the individual requests submitted by Members of the Senate and House of Representatives,
 * (B) promote efficiency in the performance of services for committees of the Senate and House of Representatives and joint committees of Congress, and
 * (C) provide a basis for the efficient performance by the Congressional Research Service of its legislative research and related functions generally,
 * (2) to establish and change, from time to time, as he considers advisable, within the Congressional Research Service, such research and reference divisions or other organizational units, or both, as he considers necessary to accomplish the purposes of this section.

(g) Budget estimates The Director of the Congressional Research Service will submit to the Librarian of Congress for review, consideration, evaluation, and approval, the budget estimates of the Congressional Research Service for inclusion in the Budget of the United States Government.

(h) Experts or consultants, individual or organizational, and persons and organizations with specialized knowledge; procurement of temporary or intermittent assistance; contracts, nonpersonal and personal service; advertisement requirements inapplicable; end product; pay; travel time
 * (1) The Director of the Congressional Research Service may procure the temporary or intermittent assistance of individual experts or consultants (including stenographic reporters) and of persons learned in particular or specialized fields of knowledge—
 * (A) by nonpersonal service contract, without regard to any provision of law requiring advertising for contract bids, with the individual expert, consultant, or other person concerned, as an independent contractor, for the furnishing by him to the Congressional Research Service of a written study, treatise, theme, discourse, dissertation, thesis, summary, advisory opinion, or other end product; or
 * (B) by employment (for a period of not more than one year) in the Congressional Research Service of the individual expert, consultant, or other person concerned, by personal service contract or otherwise, without regard to the position classification laws, at a rate of pay not in excess of the per diem equivalent of the highest rate of basic pay then currently in effect for the General Schedule of section 5332 of title 5, including payment of such rate for necessary travel time.
 * (2) The Director of the Congressional Research Service may procure by contract, without regard to any provision of law requiring advertising for contract bids, the temporary (for respective periods not in excess of one year) or intermittent assistance of educational, research, or other organizations of experts and consultants (including stenographic reporters) and of educational, research, and other organizations of persons learned in particular or specialized fields of knowledge.

(i) Special report to Joint Committee on the Library The Director of the Congressional Research Service shall prepare and file with the Joint Committee on the Library at the beginning of each regular session of Congress a separate and special report covering, in summary and in detail, all phases of activity of the Congressional Research Service for the immediately preceding fiscal year.

(j) Authorization of appropriations There are hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Congressional Research Service each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry on the work of the Service.

§ 167. Buildings and grounds; designation of employees as police
The Librarian of Congress may designate employees of the Library of Congress as police for duty with respect to the Library of Congress buildings and adjacent streets. The rank structure and pay for employees so designated shall be the same as the rank structure and pay for the Capitol Police.

§ 167a. Public use of Library of Congress grounds
Public travel in and occupancy of the Library of Congress grounds is restricted to the sidewalks and other paved surfaces.

§ 167b. Sales, advertisements, and solicitations in Library buildings and grounds
It shall be unlawful to offer or expose any article for sale in the Library of Congress buildings or grounds; to display any sign, placard, or other form of advertisement therein; or to solicit fares, alms, subscriptions, or contributions therein.

§ 167c. Injuries to Library property
It shall be unlawful to step or climb upon, remove, or in any way injure any statue, seat, wall fountain, or other erection or achitectural [1] feature, or any tree, shrub, plant, or turf in the Library of Congress buildings or grounds.

§ 167d. Firearms or fireworks; speeches; objectionable language in Library buildings and grounds
It shall be unlawful to discharge any firearm, firework or explosive, set fire to any combustible, make any harangue or oration, or utter loud, threatening, or abusive language in the Library of Congress buildings or grounds.

§ 167e. Parades, assemblages or display of flags in Library buildings and grounds
It shall be unlawful to parade, stand, or move in processions or assemblages in the Library of Congress buildings or grounds, or to display therein any flag, banner, or device designed or adapted to bring into public notice any party, organization, or movement.

§ 167f. Regulations for Library buildings and grounds; publication; effective date
(a) In addition to the restrictions and requirements specified in sections 167a to 167e of this title, the Librarian of Congress may prescribe such regulations as may be deemed necessary for the adequate protection of the Library of Congress buildings and grounds and of persons and property therein, and for the maintenance of suitable order and decorum within the Library of Congress buildings and grounds.

(b) All regulations promulgated under the authority of this section shall be printed in one or more of the daily newspapers published in the District of Columbia, and shall not become effective until the expiration of ten days after the date of such publication.

§ 167g. Prosecution and punishment of offenses in Library buildings and grounds
Whoever violates any provision of sections 167a to 167e of this title, or of any regulation prescribed under section 167f of this title, commits a Class B misdemeanor, prosecution for such offenses to be had in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia upon information by the United States attorney or any of his assistants: Provided, That in any case where, in the commission of any such offense, public property is damaged in an amount exceeding $100, the person commits a Class D felony.

§ 167h. Jurisdiction of police within Library buildings, grounds, and adjacent streets
The police provided for in section 167 of this title shall have the power, within the Library of Congress buildings and grounds and adjacent streets, to enforce and make arrests for violations of any provision of sections 167a to 167e of this title, of any regulation prescribed under section 167f of this title, or of any law of the United States, any law of the District of Columbia, or of any State, or any regulation promulgated pursuant thereto: Provided, That the Metropolitan Police force of the District of Columbia are authorized to make arrests within the Library of Congress buildings and grounds for any violations of any such laws or regulations, but such authority shall not be construed as authorizing the Metropolitan Police force, except with the consent or upon the request of the Librarian of Congress or his assistants, to enter the Library of Congress buildings to make arrests in response to complaints or to serve warrants or to patrol the Library of Congress buildings or grounds.

§ 167i. Suspension of prohibitions against use of Library buildings and grounds
In order to permit the observance of authorized ceremonies within the Library of Congress buildings and grounds, the Librarian of Congress may suspend for such occasions so much of the prohibitions contained in sections 167a to 167e of this title as may be necessary for the occasion, but only if responsible officers shall have been appointed, and arrangements determined which are adequate, in the judgment of the Librarian, for the maintenance of suitable order and decorum in the proceedings, and for the protection of the Library buildings and grounds and of persons and property therein.

§ 167j. Area comprising Library of Congress grounds; “buildings and grounds” defined
(a) For the purposes of sections 167 to 167j of this title the Library of Congress grounds shall be held to extend to the line of the face of the east curb of First Street Southeast, between B Street Southeast and East Capitol Street; to the line of the face of the south curb of East Capitol Street, between First Street Southeast and Second Street Southeast; to the line of the face of the west curb of Second Street Southeast, between East Capitol Street and B Street Southeast; to the line of the face of the north curb of B Street Southeast, between First Street Southeast and Second Street Southeast; and to the line of the face of the east curb of Second Street Southeast, between Pennsylvania Avenue Southeast and the north side of the alley separating the Library Annex Building and the Folger Shakespeare Library; to the line of the north side of the same alley, between Second Street Southeast and Third Street Southeast; to the line of the face of the west curb of Third Street Southeast, between the north side of the same alley and B Street Southeast; to the line of the face of the north curb of B Street Southeast, between Third Street Southeast and Pennsylvania Avenue Southeast; to the line of the face of the northeast curb of Pennsylvania Avenue Southeast, between B Street Southeast and Second Street Southeast.

(b) For the purposes of sections 167 to 167j of this title, the term “Library of Congress buildings and grounds” shall include
 * (1) the whole or any part of any building or structure which is occupied under lease or otherwise by the Library of Congress and is subject to supervision and control by the Librarian of Congress,
 * (2) the land upon which there is situated any building or structure which is occupied wholly by the Library of Congress, and
 * (3) any subway or enclosed passageway connecting two or more buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part by the Library of Congress.

(c) For the purpose of sections 167 to 167j of this title, the term “Library of Congress buildings and grounds” shall include
 * (1) all real property in lot 51 in square 869 in the District of Columbia, as that lot appears on the records in the office of the Surveyor of the District of Columbia on August 1, 1990, extending to the outer face of the curbs of the square in which it is located and including all alleys or parts of alleys and streets within the lot lines and curb lines surrounding such real property, and
 * (2) improvements to such real property.

(d) For the purposes of sections 167 to 167j of this title, the term “Library of Congress buildings and grounds” shall include the following property:
 * (1) Three parcels totaling approximately 45 acres, more or less, located in Culpeper County, Virginia, and identified as Culpeper County Tax Parcel Numbers 51–80B, 51–80C, and 51–80D, further described as real estate (consisting of 40.949 acres) conveyed to David and Lucile Packard Foundation by deed from Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, dated May 15, 1998, and recorded May 19, 1998, in the Clerk’s Office, Circuit Court of Culpeper County, Virginia, in Deed Book 644, page 372; and real estate (consisting of 4.181 acres) conveyed to Packard Humanities Institute by deed from Russell H. Inskeep, dated February 13, 2002, and recorded February 13, 2002, in the Clerk’s Office, Circuit Court of Culpeper County, Virginia, as instrument number 020001299.
 * (2) Improvements to such real property.

§ 168. Constitution of the United States; preparation and publication of revised edition; annotations; supplements; decennial editions and supplements
The Librarian of Congress shall have prepared—
 * (1) a hardbound revised edition of the Constitution of the United States of America—Analysis and Interpretation, published as Senate Document Numbered 39, Eighty-eighth Congress (referred to hereinafter as the “Constitution Annotated”), which shall contain annotations of decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States through the end of the October 1971 term of the Supreme Court, construing provisions of the Constitution;
 * (2) upon the completion of each of the October 1973, October 1975, October 1977, and October 1979 terms of the Supreme Court, a cumulative pocket-part supplement to the hardbound revised edition of the Constitution Annotated prepared pursuant to clause (1), which shall contain cumulative annotations of all such decisions rendered by the Supreme Court after the end of the October 1971 term;
 * (3) upon the completion of the October 1981 term of the Supreme Court, and upon the completion of each tenth October term of the Supreme Court thereafter, a hardbound decennial revised edition of the Constitution Annotated, which shall contain annotations of all decisions theretofore rendered by the Supreme Court construing provisions of the Constitution; and
 * (4) upon the completion of the October 1983 term of the Supreme Court, and upon the completion of each subsequent October term of the Supreme Court beginning in an odd-numbered year (the final digit of which is not a 1), a cumulative pocket-part supplement to the most recent hardbound decennial revised edition of the Constitution Annotated, which shall contain cumulative annotations of all such decisions rendered by the Supreme Court which were not included in that hardbound decennial revised edition of the Constitution Annotated.

§ 168a. Printing of Constitution Annotated as Senate documents
All hardbound revised editions and all cumulative pocket-part supplements shall be printed as Senate documents.

§ 168b. Printing and distribution of additional copies of Constitution Annotated
There shall be printed four thousand eight hundred and seventy additional copies of the hardbound revised editions prepared pursuant to clause (1) of section 168 of this title and of all cumulative pocket-part supplements thereto, of which two thousand six hundred and thirty-four copies shall be for the use of the House of Representatives, one thousand two hundred and thirty-six copies shall be for the use of the Senate, and one thousand copies shall be for the use of the Joint Committee on Printing. All Members of the Congress, Vice Presidents of the United States, and Delegates and Resident Commissioners, newly elected subsequent to the issuance of the hardbound revised edition prepared pursuant to such clause and prior to the first hardbound decennial revised edition, who did not receive a copy of the edition prepared pursuant to such clause, shall, upon timely request, receive one copy of such edition and the then current cumulative pocket-part supplement and any further supplements thereto. All Members of the Congress, Vice Presidents of the United States, and Delegates and Resident Commissioners, no longer serving after the issuance of the hardbound revised edition prepared pursuant to such clause and who received such edition, may receive one copy of each cumulative pocket-part supplement thereto upon timely request.

§ 168c. Printing and distribution of decennial editions and supplements to Constitution Annotated
Additional copies of each hardbound decennial revised edition and of the cumulative pocket-part supplements thereto shall be printed and distributed in accordance with the provisions of any concurrent resolution hereafter adopted with respect thereto.

§ 168d. Authorization of appropriations for Constitution Annotated
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums, to remain available until expended, as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of sections 168 to 168d of this title.

§ 169. Positions in Library of Congress exempt from citizenship requirement
From and after October 1, 1983, not to exceed fifteen positions in the Library of Congress may be exempt from the provisions of appropriation Acts concerning the employment of aliens during the current fiscal year, but the Librarian shall not make any appointment to any such position until he has ascertained that he cannot secure for such appointments a person in any of the categories specified in such provisions who possesses the special qualifications for the particular position and also otherwise meets the general requirements for employment in the Library of Congress.

§ 170. American Television and Radio Archives
(a) Establishment and maintenance in Library of Congress; purpose; determination of composition, cataloging, indexing and availability by Librarian The Librarian of Congress (hereinafter referred to as the “Librarian”) shall establish and maintain in the Library of Congress a library to be known as the American Television and Radio Archives (hereinafter referred to as the “Archives”). The purpose of the Archives shall be to preserve a permanent record of the television and radio programs which are the heritage of the people of the United States and to provide access to such programs to historians and scholars without encouraging or causing copyright infringement.
 * (1) The Librarian, after consultation with interested organizations and individuals, shall determine and place in the Archives such copies and phonorecords of television and radio programs transmitted to the public in the United States and in other countries which are of present or potential public or cultural interest, historical significance, cognitive value, or otherwise worthy of preservation, including copies and phonorecords of published and unpublished transmission programs—
 * (A) acquired in accordance with sections 407 and 408 of title 17; and
 * (B) transferred from the existing collections of the Library of Congress; and
 * (C) given to or exchanged with the Archives by other libraries, archives, organizations, and individuals; and
 * (D) purchased from the owner thereof.
 * (2) The Librarian shall maintain and publish appropriate catalogs and indexes of the collections of the Archives, and shall make such collections available for study and research under the conditions prescribed under this section.

(b) Reproduction, compilation, and distribution for research of regularly scheduled newscasts or on-the-spot coverage of news events by Librarian; promulgation of regulations Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106 of title 17, the Librarian is authorized with respect to a transmission program which consists of a regularly scheduled newscast or on-the-spot coverage of news events and, under standards and conditions that the Librarian shall prescribe by regulation—
 * (1) to reproduce a fixation of such a program, in the same or another tangible form, for the purposes of preservation or security or for distribution under the conditions of clause (3) of this subsection;
 * (2) to compile, without abridgment or any other editing, portions of such fixations according to subject matter, and to reproduce such compilations for the purpose of clause (1) of this subsection; and
 * (3) to distribute a reproduction made under clause (1) or (2) of this subsection—
 * (A) by loan to a person engaged in research; and
 * (B) for deposit in a library or archives which meets the requirements of section 108 (a) of title 17,
 * in either case for use only in research and not for further reproduction or performance.

(c) Liability for copyright infringement by Librarian or any employee of Librarian The Librarian or any employee of the Library who is acting under the authority of this section shall not be liable in any action for copyright infringement committed by any other person unless the Librarian or such employee knowingly participated in the act of infringement committed by such person. Nothing in this section shall be construed to excuse or limit liability under title 17 for any act not authorized by that title or this section, or for any act performed by a person not authorized to act under that title or this section.

(d) Short title This section may be cited as the “American Television and Radio Archives Act”.

§ 171. Congressional declaration of findings and purpose as to Center for the Book
The Congress hereby finds and declares—
 * (1) that the Congress of the United States on April 24, 1800, established for itself a library of the Congress;
 * (2) that in 1815, the Congress purchased the personal library of the third President of the United States which contained materials on every science known to man and described such a collection as a “substratum of a great national library”;
 * (3) that the Congress of the United States in recognition of the importance of printing and its impact on America purchased the Gutenberg Bible in 1930 for the Nation for placement in the Library of Congress;
 * (4) that the Congress of the United States has through statute and appropriations made this library accessible to any member of the public;
 * (5) that this collection of books and other library materials has now become one of the greatest libraries in civilization;
 * (6) that the book and the printed word have had the most profound influence on American civilization and learning and have been the very foundation on which our democratic principles have survived through our two hundred-year history;
 * (7) that in the year 1977, the Congress of the United States assembled hereby declares its reaffirmation of the importance of the printed word and the book and recognizes the importance of a Center for the Book to the continued study and development of written record as central to our understanding of ourselves and our world.

It is therefore the purpose of sections 171 to 175 of this title to establish a Center for the Book in the Library of Congress to provide a program for the investigation of the transmission of human knowledge and to heighten public interest in the role of books and printing in the diffusion of this knowledge.

§ 172. Definitions
As used in sections 171 to 175 of this title—
 * (1) the term Center means the Center for the Book;
 * (2) the term Librarian means the Librarian of Congress.

§ 173. Establishment of Center for the Book
There is hereby established in the Library of Congress a Center for the Book.

The Center shall be under the direction of the Librarian of Congress.

§ 174. Function of Center for the Book
The Librarian through the Center shall stimulate public interest and research in the role of the book in the diffusion of knowledge through such activities as a visiting scholar program accompanied by lectures, exhibits, publications, and any other related activities.

§ 175. Administrative provisions
The Librarian of Congress, in carrying out the Center’s functions, is authorized to—
 * (1) prescribe such regulations as he deems necessary;
 * (2) receive money and other property donated, bequeathed, or devised for the purposes of the Center, and to use, sell, or otherwise dispose of such property for the purposes of carrying out the Center’s functions, without reference to Federal disposal statutes; and
 * (3) accept and utilize the services of voluntary and noncompensated personnel and reimburse them for travel expenses, including per diem, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5.

§ 176. Mass Book Deacidification Facility; operation by Librarian of Congress
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Librarian of Congress shall equip, furnish, operate, and maintain the Library of Congress Mass Book Deacidification Facility.

§ 177. Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry
(a) Recognition The Congress recognizes that the Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress has for some time occupied a position of prominence in the life of the Nation, has spoken effectively for literary causes, and has occasionally performed duties and functions sometimes associated with the position of poet laureate in other nations and societies. Individuals are appointed to the position of Consultant in Poetry by the Librarian of Congress for one- or two-year terms solely on the basis of literary merit, and are compensated from endowment funds administered by the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board. The Congress further recognizes this position is equivalent to that of Poet Laureate of the United States.

(b) Position established
 * (1) There is established in the Library of Congress the position of Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry. The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry shall be appointed by the Librarian of Congress pursuant to the same procedures of appointment as established on December 20, 1985, for the Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress.
 * (2) Each department and office of the Federal Government is encouraged to make use of the services of the Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry for ceremonial and other occasions of celebration under such procedures as the Librarian of Congress shall approve designed to assure that participation under this paragraph does not impair the continuation of the work of the individual chosen to fill the position of Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry.

(c) Poetry program
 * (1) The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Arts, with the advice of the National Council on the Arts, shall annually sponsor a program at which the Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry will present a major work or the work of other distinguished poets.
 * (2) There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Endowment for the Arts $10,000 for the fiscal year 1987 and for each succeeding fiscal year ending prior to October 1, 1990, for the purpose of carrying out this subsection.

§ 179l. National Film Registry of Library of Congress
The Librarian of Congress (hereafter in sections 179l to 179w of this title referred to as the “Librarian”) shall continue the National Film Registry established and maintained under the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 (Public Law 100–446), and the National Film Preservation Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–307) pursuant to the provisions of sections 179l to 179w of this title, for the purpose of maintaining and preserving films that are culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.

§ 179m. Duties of Librarian of Congress
(a) Powers
 * (1) In general

The Librarian shall, after consultation with the Board established pursuant to section 179n of this title—
 * (A) continue the implementation of the comprehensive national film preservation program for motion pictures established under the National Film Preservation Act of 1992, in conjunction with other film archivists, educators and historians, copyright owners, film industry representatives, and others involved in activities related to film preservation, taking into account the objectives of the national film preservation study and the comprehensive national plan conducted under the National Film Preservation Act of 1992. This program shall—
 * (i) coordinate activities to assure that efforts of archivists and copyright owners, and others in the public and private sector, are effective and complementary;
 * (ii) generate public awareness of and support for these activities;
 * (iii) increase accessibility of films for educational purposes; and
 * (iv) undertake studies and investigations of film preservation activities as needed, including the efficacy of new technologies, and recommend solutions to improve these practices;
 * (B) establish criteria and procedures under which films may be included in the National Film Registry, except that no film shall be eligible for inclusion in the National Film Registry until 10 years after such film’s first publication;
 * (C) establish procedures under which the general public may make recommendations to the Board regarding the inclusion of films in the National Film Registry; and
 * (D) determine which films satisfy the criteria established under subparagraph (B) and qualify for inclusion in the National Film Registry, except that the Librarian shall not select more than 25 films each year for inclusion in the Registry.
 * (2) Publication of films in Registry

The Librarian shall publish in the Federal Register the name of each film that is selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry.
 * (3) Seal

The Librarian shall provide a seal to indicate that a film has been included in the National Film Registry and is the Registry version of that film. The Librarian shall establish guidelines for approval of the use of the seal in accordance with subsection (b) of this section.

(b) Use of seal The seal provided under subsection (a)(3) of this section may only be used on film or other approved copies of the Registry version of a film. Such seal may be used only after the Librarian has given approval to those persons seeking to apply the seal in accordance with the guidelines under subsection (a)(3) of this section. In the case of copyrighted, mass distributed, broadcast, or published works, only the copyright owner or an authorized licensee of the copyright owner may place or authorize the placement of the seal on any film or other approved copy of a Registry version of a film selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry, and the Librarian may place the seal on any film or other approved copy of the Registry version of any film that is maintained in the National Film Registry Collection in the Library of Congress. Anyone authorized to place the seal on any film or other approved copy of any Registry version of a film may accompany such seal with the following language: “This film was selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry by the National Film Preservation Board of the Library of Congress because of its cultural, historical, or aesthetic significance.”.

(c) Coordination of program with other collection, preservation, and accessibility activities In carrying out the comprehensive national film preservation program for motion pictures established under the National Film Preservation Act of 1992, the Librarian, in consultation with the Board established pursuant to section 179n of this title, shall—
 * (1) carry out activities to make films included in the National Film registry more broadly accessible for research and educational purposes, and to generate public awareness and support of the Registry and the comprehensive national film preservation program;
 * (2) review the comprehensive national film preservation plan, and amend it to the extent necessary to ensure that it addresses technological advances in the preservation and storage of, and access to film collections in multiple formats; and
 * (3) wherever possible, undertake expanded initiatives to ensure the preservation of the moving image heritage of the United States, including film, videotape, television, and born digital moving image formats, by supporting the work of the National Audio-Visual Conservation Center of the Library of Congress, and other appropriate nonprofit archival and preservation organizations.

§ 179n. National Film Preservation Board
(a) Number and appointment
 * (1) Members

The Librarian shall establish in the Library of Congress a National Film Preservation Board to be comprised of 22 members, who shall be selected by the Librarian in accordance with this section. Subject to subparagraphs (C) and (N), the Librarian shall request each organization listed in subparagraphs (A) through (Q) to submit a list of three candidates qualified to serve as a member of the Board. Except for the members-at-large appointed under subparagraph [1] (2), the Librarian shall appoint one member from each such list submitted by such organizations, and shall designate from that list an alternate who may attend at Board expense those meetings to which the individual appointed to the Board cannot attend. The organizations are the following:
 * (A) The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
 * (B) The Directors Guild of America.
 * (C) The Writers Guild of America. The Writers Guild of America East and the Writers Guild of America West shall each nominate three candidates, and a representative from one organization shall be selected as the member and a representative from the other organization as the alternate.
 * (D) The National Society of Film Critics.
 * (E) The Society for Cinema Studies.
 * (F) The American Film Institute.
 * (G) The Department of Film and Television of the School of Theater, Film and Television at the University of California, Los Angeles.
 * (H) The Department of Film and Television of the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University.
 * (I) The University Film and Video Association.
 * (J) The Motion Picture Association of America.
 * (K) The Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers.
 * (L) The Screen Actors Guild of America.
 * (M) The National Association of Theater Owners.
 * (N) The American Society of Cinematographers and the International Photographers Guild, which shall jointly submit one list of three candidates from which a member and alternate will be selected.
 * (O) The United States Members of the International Federation of Film Archives.
 * (P) The Association of Moving Image Archivists.
 * (Q) The Society of Composers and Lyricists.
 * (2) Members-at-large

In addition to the members appointed under paragraph (1), the Librarian shall appoint up to 5 members-at-large. The Librarian shall also select an alternate for each member [2] at-large, who may attend at Board expense those meetings which the member [2] at-large cannot attend.

(b) Chair The Librarian shall appoint one member of the Board to serve as Chair.

(c) Term of office
 * (1) Terms

The term of each member of the Board shall be 4 years, except that there shall be no limit to the number of terms that any individual member may serve.
 * (2) Removal of member or organization

The Librarian shall have the authority to remove any member of the Board, or the organization listed in subsection (a) of this section such member represents, if the member, or organization, over any consecutive 2-year period, fails to attend at least one regularly scheduled Board meeting.
 * (3) Vacancies

A vacancy in the Board shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made under subsection (a) of this section, except that the Librarian may fill the vacancy from a list of candidates previously submitted by the organization or organizations involved. Any member appointed to fill a vacancy before the expiration of the term for which his or her predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term.

(d) Quorum 12 members of the Board shall constitute a quorum but a lesser number may hold hearings.

(e) Reimbursement of expenses Members of the Board shall serve without pay, but may receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5.

(f) Meetings The Board shall meet at least once each fiscal year. Meetings shall be at the call of the Librarian.

(g) Conflict of interest The Librarian shall establish rules and procedures to address any potential conflict of interest between a member of the Board and responsibilities of the Board.

§ 179o. Responsibilities and powers of Board
(a) In general The Board shall review nominations of films submitted to it for inclusion in the National Film Registry and consult with the Librarian, as provided in section 179m of this title, with respect to the inclusion of such films in the Registry and the preservation of these and other films that are culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.

(b) Nomination of films The Board shall consider, for inclusion in the National Film Registry, nominations submitted by the general public as well as representatives of the film industry, such as the guilds and societies representing actors, directors, screenwriters, cinematographers, and other creative artists, producers, and film critics, archives and other film preservation organizations, and representatives of academic institutions with film study programs. The Board shall nominate not more than 25 films each year for inclusion in the Registry.

(c) Powers
 * (1) In general

The Board may, for the purpose of carrying out its duties, hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence, as the Librarian and the Board consider appropriate.
 * (2) Service on Foundation

Two sitting members of the Board shall be appointed by the Librarian, and shall serve, as Board members of the National Film Preservation Foundation, in accordance with section 151703 of title 36.

§ 179p. National Film Registry Collection of Library of Congress
(a) Acquisition of archival quality copies The Librarian shall endeavor to obtain, by gift from the owner, an archival quality copy of the Registry version of each film included in the National Film Registry. Whenever possible, the Librarian shall endeavor to obtain the best surviving materials, including preprint materials. Copyright owners and others possessing copies of such materials are strongly encouraged, to further the preservation purposes of this Act, to provide preprint and other archival elements to the Library of Congress.

(b) Additional materials The Librarian shall endeavor to obtain, for educational and research purposes, additional materials related to each film included in the National Film Registry, such as background materials, production reports, shooting scripts (including continuity scripts) and other similar materials.

(c) Property of United States All copies of films on the National Film Registry that are received as gifts or bequests by the Librarian and other materials received by the Librarian under subsection (b) of this section, shall become the property of the United States Government, subject to the provisions of title 17.

(d) National Film Registry Collection All copies of films on the National Film Registry that are received by the Librarian under subsection (a) of this section, and other materials received by the Librarian under subsection (b) of this section, shall be maintained in the Library of Congress and be known as the “National Film Registry Collection of the Library of Congress”. The Librarian shall, by regulation, and in accordance with title 17, provide for reasonable access to the films and other materials in such collection for scholarly and research purposes.

(e) National Audio-Visual Conservation Center The Librarian shall utilize the National Audio-Visual Conservation Center of the Library of Congress at Culpeper, Virginia, to ensure that preserved films included in the National Film Registry are stored in a proper manner, and disseminated to researchers, scholars, and the public as may be appropriate in accordance with—
 * (1) title 17; and
 * (2) the terms of any agreements between the Librarian and persons who hold copyrights to such audiovisual works.

§ 179q. Seal of National Film Registry
(a) Use of seal
 * (1) Prohibition on distribution and exhibition

No person shall knowingly distribute or exhibit to the public a version of a film or any copy in any format of a film which bears the seal described in section 179m (a)(3) of this title if such film—
 * (A) is not included in the National Film Registry; or
 * (B) is included in the National Film Registry, but such film or film copy has not been approved for use of the seal by the Librarian pursuant to section 179m (a)(1)(D) of this title.
 * (2) Prohibition on promotion

No person shall knowingly use the seal described in section 179m (a)(3) of this title to promote any version of a film in any format other than a Registry version.

(b) Effective date of seal The use of the seal described in section 179m (a)(3) of this title shall be effective for each film after the Librarian publishes in the Federal Register, in accordance with section 179m (a)(2) of this title, the name of that film as selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry.

§ 179r. Remedies
(a) Jurisdiction The several district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, for cause shown, to prevent and restrain violations of section 179q (a) of this title.

(b) Relief
 * (1) Removal of seal

Except as provided in paragraph (2), relief for violation of section 179q (a) of this title shall be limited to the removal of the seal of the National Film Registry from the film involved in the violation.
 * (2) Fine and injunctive relief

In the case of a pattern or practice of the willful violation of section 179q (a) of this title, the United States district courts may order a civil fine of not more than $10,000 and appropriate injunctive relief.

§ 179s. Limitations of remedies
The remedies provided in section 179r of this title shall be the exclusive remedies under sections 179l to 179w of this title, or any other Federal or State law, regarding the use of the seal described in section 179m (a)(3) of this title.

§ 179t. Staff of Board; experts and consultants
(a) Staff The Librarian may appoint and fix the pay of such personnel as the Librarian considers appropriate to carry out sections 179l to 179w of this title.

(b) Experts and consultants The Librarian may, in carrying out sections 179l to 179w of this title, procure temporary and intermittent services under section 3109 (b) of title 5, but at rates for individuals not to exceed the daily equivalent of the maximum rate of basic pay payable for GS–15 of the General Schedule. In no case may a member of the Board or an alternate be paid as an expert or consultant under this section.

§ 179u. Definitions
As used in sections 179l to 179w of this title—
 * (1) the term “Librarian” means the Librarian of Congress;
 * (2) the term “Board” means the National Film Preservation Board;
 * (3) the term “film” means a “motion picture” as defined in section 101 of title 17, except that such term does not include any work not originally fixed on film stock, such as a work fixed on videotape or laser disk;
 * (4) the term “publication” means “publication” as defined in section 101 of title 17; and
 * (5) the term “Registry version” means, with respect to a film, the version of a film first published, or as complete a version as bona fide preservation and restoration activities by the Librarian, an archivist other than the Librarian, or the copyright owner can compile in those cases where the original material has been irretrievably lost.

§ 179v. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Librarian such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of sections 179l to 179w of this title, but in no fiscal year shall such sum exceed $250,000.

§ 179w. Effective date
The provisions of sections 179l to 179w of this title shall be effective for 13 years beginning on October 11, 1996. The provisions of sections 179l to 179w of this title shall apply to any copy of any film, including those copies of films selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry under the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 and the National Film Preservation Act of 1992, except that any film so selected under either Act shall be deemed to have been selected for the National Film Registry under sections 179l to 179w of this title.

§ 180. Legislative information retrieval system
(a) Purpose The purpose of this section is to reduce the cost of information support for the Congress by eliminating duplication among systems which provide electronic access by Congress to legislative information.

(b) “Legislative information” defined As used in this section, the term “legislative information” means information, prepared within the legislative branch, consisting of the text of publicly available bills, amendments, committee hearings, and committee reports, the text of the Congressional Record, data relating to bill status, data relating to legislative activity, and other similar public information that is directly related to the legislative process.

(c) Development of single system to serve entire Congress Pursuant to the plan approved under subsection (d) of this section and consistent with the provisions of any other law, the Library of Congress or the entity designated by that plan shall develop and maintain, in coordination with other appropriate entities of the legislative branch, a single legislative information retrieval system to serve the entire Congress.

(d) Development and approval of plan The Library shall develop a plan for creation of this system, taking into consideration the findings and recommendations of the study directed by House Report No. 103–517 to identify and eliminate redundancies in congressional information systems. This plan must be approved by the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, the Committee on House Oversight of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Library shall provide these committees with regular status reports on the development of the plan.

(e) Availability of information to public In formulating its plan, the Library shall examine issues regarding efficient ways to make this information available to the public. This analysis shall be submitted to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives as well as the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, and the Committee on House Oversight of the House of Representatives for their consideration and possible action.

§ 181. Program for exchange of information among legislative branch agencies
(a) On September 16, 1996, there shall be established a program for providing the widest possible exchange of information among legislative branch agencies with the long-range goal of improving information technology planning and evaluation. The Committee on House Oversight of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate are requested to determine the structure and operation of this program and to provide appropriate oversight. All of the appropriate offices and agencies of the legislative branch as defined below shall participate in this program for information exchange, and shall report annually on the extent and nature of their participation in their budget submissions to the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.

(b) As used in this section—
 * (1) the term “offices and agencies of the legislative branch” means, the office of the Clerk of the House, the office of the Secretary of the Senate, the office of the Architect of the Capitol, the Government Accountability Office, the Government Printing Office, the Library of Congress, the Congressional Research Service, the Congressional Budget Office, the Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives, and the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate; and
 * (2) the term “technology” refers to any form of computer hardware and software; computer-based systems, services, and support for the creation, processing, exchange, and delivery of information; and telecommunications systems, and the associated hardware and software, that provide for voice, data, or image communication.

§ 182. Cooperative Acquisitions Program Revolving Fund
(a) Establishment Effective October 1, 1997, there is established in the Treasury of the United States a revolving fund to be known as the Cooperative Acquisitions Program Revolving Fund (in this section referred to as the “revolving fund”). Moneys in the revolving fund shall be available to the Librarian of Congress, without fiscal year limitation, for financing the cooperative acquisitions program (in this section referred to as the “program”) under which the Library acquires foreign publications and research materials on behalf of participating institutions on a cost-recovery basis. Obligations under the revolving fund are limited to amounts specified in the appropriations Act for that purpose for any fiscal year.

(b) Amounts deposited The revolving fund shall consist of—
 * (1) any amounts appropriated by law for the purposes of the revolving fund;
 * (2) any amounts held by the Librarian as of October 1, 1997 or October 7, 1997, whichever is later, that were collected as payment for the Library’s indirect costs of the program; and
 * (3) the difference between
 * (A) the total value of the supplies, equipment, gift fund balances, and other assets of the program, and
 * (B) the total value of the liabilities (including unfunded liabilities such as the value of accrued annual leave of employees) of the program.

(c) Credits to revolving fund The revolving fund shall be credited with all advances and amounts received as payment for purchases under the program and services and supplies furnished to program participants, at rates estimated by the Librarian to be adequate to recover the full direct and indirect costs of the program to the Library over a reasonable period of time.

(d) Unobligated balances Any unobligated and unexpended balances in the revolving fund that the Librarian determines to be in excess of amounts needed for activities financed by the revolving fund, shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States as miscellaneous receipts. Amounts needed for activities financed by the revolving fund means the direct and indirect costs of the program, including the costs of purchasing, shipping, binding of books and other library materials; supplies, materials, equipment and services needed in support of the program; salaries and benefits; general overhead; and travel.

(e) Annual report Not later than March 31 of each year, the Librarian of Congress shall prepare and submit to Congress an audited financial statement for the revolving fund for the preceding fiscal year. The audit shall be conducted in accordance with Government Auditing Standards for financial audits issued by the Comptroller General of the United States.

§ 182a. Revolving fund for duplication services associated with audiovisual conservation center
(a) Establishment There is hereby established in the Treasury a revolving fund for duplication and delivery services provided by the Librarian of Congress (hereafter in sections 182a to 182d of this title referred to as the “Librarian”) which are associated with the national audiovisual conservation center established under the Act entitled “An Act to authorize acquisition of certain real property for the Library of Congress, and for other purposes”, approved December 15, 1997 (Public Law 105–144; 2 U.S.C. 141 note ).

(b) Fees for services The Librarian may charge a fee for providing services described in subsection (a) of this section, and shall deposit any such fees charged into the revolving fund under this section.

(c) Contents of fund
 * (1) In general

The revolving fund under this section shall consist of the following amounts:
 * (A) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under subsection (b) of this section.
 * (B) Any other amounts received by the Librarian which are attributable to the services described in subsection (a) of this section.
 * (C) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under paragraph (2).
 * (D) Such other amounts as may be appropriated under law.
 * (2) Deposit of funds during transition

The Librarian shall transfer to the revolving fund under this section the following:
 * (A) Any obligated, unexpended balances existing as of the date of the transfer which are attributable to the services described in subsection (a) of this section.
 * (B) An amount equal to the difference as of such date between—
 * (i) the total value of the supplies, inventories, equipment, gift fund balances, and other assets attributable to such services; and
 * (ii) the total value of the liabilities attributable to such services.

(d) Use of amounts in fund Amounts in the revolving fund under this section shall be available to the Librarian, in amounts specified in appropriations Acts and without fiscal year limitation, to carry out the services described in subsection (a) of this section.

§ 182b. Revolving fund for gift shop, decimal classification, photo duplication, and related services
(a) Establishment There is hereby established in the Treasury a revolving fund for the following programs and activities of the Librarian:
 * (1) Decimal classification development.
 * (2) The operation of a gift shop or other sales of items associated with collections, exhibits, performances, and special events of the Library of Congress.
 * (3) Document reproduction and microfilming services.
 * (4) Special events and programs.

(b) Individual accounting requirement A separate account shall be maintained in the revolving fund under this section with respect to the programs and activities described in each of the paragraphs of subsection (a) of this section.

(c) Fees for services The Librarian may charge a fee for services under any of the programs and activities described in subsection (a) of this section, and shall deposit any such fees charged into the account of the revolving fund under this section for such program or activity.

(d) Contents of accounts in fund
 * (1) In general

Each account of the revolving fund under this section shall consist of the following amounts:
 * (A) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under subsection (c) of this section.
 * (B) Any other amounts received by the Librarian which are attributable to the programs and activities covered by such account.
 * (C) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under paragraph (2).
 * (D) Such other amounts as may be appropriated under law.
 * (2) Deposit of funds during transition

The Librarian shall transfer to each account of the revolving fund under this section the following:
 * (A) Any obligated, unexpended balances existing as of the date of the transfer which are attributable to the programs and activities covered by such account.
 * (B) An amount equal to the difference as of such date between—
 * (i) the total value of the supplies, inventories, equipment, gift fund balances, and other assets attributable to such programs and activities; and
 * (ii) the total value of the liabilities attributable to such programs and activities.

(e) Use of amounts Amounts in the accounts of the revolving fund under this section shall be available to the Librarian, in amounts specified in appropriations Acts and without fiscal year limitation, to carry out the programs and activities covered by such accounts.

§ 182c. Revolving fund for FEDLINK program and Federal Research program
(a) Establishment There is hereby established in the Treasury a revolving fund for the Federal Library and Information Network program (hereafter in sections 182a to 182d of this title referred to as the “FEDLINK program”) of the Library of Congress (as described in subsection (f)(1) of this section) and the Federal Research program of the Library of Congress (as described in subsection (f)(2) of this section).

(b) Individual accounting requirement A separate account shall be maintained in the revolving fund under this section with respect to the programs described in subsection (a) of this section.

(c) Fees for services
 * (1) In general

The Librarian may charge a fee for services under the FEDLINK program and the Federal Research program, and shall deposit any such fees charged into the account of the revolving fund under this section for such program.
 * (2) Advances of funds

Participants in the FEDLINK program and the Federal Research program shall pay for products and services of the program by advance of funds—
 * (A) if the Librarian determines that amounts in the Revolving Fund [1] are otherwise insufficient to cover the costs of providing such products and services; or
 * (B) upon agreement between participants and the Librarian.

(d) Contents of fund
 * (1) In general

Each account of the revolving fund under this section shall consist of the following amounts:
 * (A) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under subsection (c) of this section.
 * (B) Any other amounts received by the Librarian which are attributable to the program covered by such account.
 * (C) Amounts deposited by the Librarian under paragraph (2).
 * (D) Such other amounts as may be appropriated under law.
 * (2) Deposit of funds during transition

Notwithstanding section 1535 (d) of title 31, the Librarian shall transfer to the appropriate account of the revolving fund under this section the following:
 * (A) Any obligated, unexpended balances existing as of the date of the transfer which are attributable to the FEDLINK program or the Federal Research program.
 * (B) An amount equal to the difference as of such date between—
 * (i) the total value of the supplies, inventories, equipment, gift fund balances, and other assets attributable to such program; and
 * (ii) the total value of the liabilities attributable to such program.

(e) Use of amounts in fund Amounts in the accounts of the revolving fund under this section shall be available to the Librarian, in amounts specified in appropriations Acts and without fiscal year limitation, to carry out the program covered by each such account.

(f) Programs described
 * (1) FEDLINK

In this section, the “FEDLINK program” is the program of the Library of Congress under which the Librarian provides the following services on behalf of participating Federal libraries, Federal information centers, other entities of the Federal Government, and the District of Columbia:
 * (A) The procurement of commercial information services, publications in any format, and library support services.
 * (B) Related accounting services.
 * (C) Related education, information, and support services.
 * (2) Federal Research program

In this section, the “Federal Research program” is the program of the Library of Congress under which the Librarian provides research reports, translations, and analytical studies for entities of the Federal Government and the District of Columbia (other than any program of the Congressional Research Service).

§ 182d. Audits by Comptroller General
Each of the revolving funds established under sections 182a to 182d of this title shall be subject to audit by the Comptroller General at the Comptroller General’s discretion.

§ 183. Written history of the House of Representatives
(a) In general Subject to available funding and in accordance with the requirements of this section and section 183a of this title, the Librarian of Congress shall prepare, print, distribute, and arrange for the funding of, a new and complete written history of the House of Representatives, in consultation with the Committee on House Administration. In preparing this written history, the Librarian of Congress shall consult, commission, or engage the services or participation of, eminent historians, Members, and former Members of the House of Representatives.

(b) Guidelines In carrying out subsection (a) of this section, the Librarian of Congress shall take into account the following:
 * (1) The history should be an illustrated, narrative history of the House of Representatives, organized chronologically.
 * (2) The history’s intended audience is the general reader, as well as Members of Congress and their staffs.
 * (3) The history should include a discussion of the First and Second Continental Congresses and the Constitutional Convention, especially with regard to their roles in creating the House of Representatives.

(c) Printing
 * (1) In general

The Librarian of Congress shall arrange for the printing of the history.
 * (2) Printing arrangements

The printing may be performed—
 * (A) by the Public Printer pursuant to the provisions of chapter 5 of title 44;
 * (B) under a cooperative arrangement among the Librarian of Congress, a private funding source obtained pursuant to subsection (e) of this section, and a publisher in the private sector; or
 * (C) under subparagraphs (A) and (B).
 * (3) Internet dissemination

Any arrangement under paragraph (2) shall include terms for dissemination of excerpts of the history over the Internet via facilities maintained by the United States Government.
 * (4) Member copies

To the extent that the history is printed by the Public Printer, copies of the history provided to the Congress under subsection (d) of this section shall be charged to the Government Printing Office’s congressional allotment for printing and binding.

(d) Distribution The Librarian of Congress shall make the history available for sale to the public, and shall make available, free of charge, 5 copies to each Member of the House of Representatives and 250 copies to the Senate.

(e) Private funding The Librarian of Congress shall solicit and accept funding for the preparation, publication, marketing, and public distribution of the history from private individuals, organizations, or entities.

§ 183a. Oral history of the House of Representatives
(a) In general The Librarian of Congress shall accept for deposit, preserve, maintain, and make accessible an oral history of the House of Representatives, as told by its Members and former Members, compiled and updated (on a voluntary or contract basis) by the United States Association of Former Members of Congress or other private organization. In carrying out this section, the Librarian of Congress may enlist the voluntary aid or assistance of such organization, or may contract with it for such services as may be necessary.

(b) Definition of oral history In this section, the term “oral history” means a story or history consisting of personal recollection as recorded by any one or more of the following means:
 * (1) Interviews.
 * (2) Transcripts.
 * (3) Audio recordings.
 * (4) Video recordings.
 * (5) Such other form or means as may be suitable for the recording and preservation of such information.

§ 184. Incorporation of digital collections into educational curricula
(a) Short title This section may be cited as the “Library of Congress Digital Collections and Educational Curricula Act of 2005”.

(b) Program The Librarian of Congress shall administer a program to teach educators and librarians how to incorporate the digital collections of the Library of Congress into educational curricula.

(c) Educational consortium In administering the program under this section, the Librarian of Congress may—
 * (1) establish an educational consortium to support the program; and
 * (2) make funds appropriated for the program available to consortium members, educational institutions, and libraries.

(d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal year 2006 and each fiscal year thereafter.

§ 185. Inspector General of the Library of Congress
(a) Short title This section may be cited as the “Library of Congress Inspector General Act of 2005”. (b) Office of Inspector General There is an Office of Inspector General within the Library of Congress which is an independent objective office to—
 * (1) conduct and supervise audits and investigations (excluding incidents involving violence and personal property) relating to the Library of Congress;
 * (2) provide leadership and coordination and recommend policies to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness; and
 * (3) provide a means of keeping the Librarian of Congress and the Congress fully and currently informed about problems and deficiencies relating to the administration and operations of the Library of Congress.

(c) Appointment of Inspector General; supervision; removal
 * (1) Appointment and supervision
 * (A) In general

There shall be at the head of the Office of Inspector General, an Inspector General who shall be appointed by the Librarian of Congress without regard to political affiliation and solely on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigations. The Inspector General shall report to, and be under the general supervision of, the Librarian of Congress.
 * (B) Audits, investigations, and reports

The Librarian of Congress shall have no authority to prevent or prohibit the Inspector General from—
 * (i) initiating, carrying out, or completing any audit or investigation;
 * (ii) issuing any subpoena during the course of any audit or investigation; or
 * (iii) issuing any report.
 * (2) Removal

The Inspector General may be removed from office by the Librarian of Congress. The Librarian of Congress shall, promptly upon such removal, communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal to each House of the Congress.

(d) Duties, responsibilities, authority, and reports
 * (1) In general

Sections 4, 5 (other than subsections [1] (a)(13)), 6(a) (other than paragraphs (7) and (8) thereof), and 7 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) shall apply to the Inspector General of the Library of Congress and the Office of such Inspector General and such sections shall be applied to the Library of Congress and the Librarian of Congress by substituting—
 * (A) “Library of Congress” for “establishment”; and
 * (B) “Librarian of Congress” for “head of the establishment”.
 * (2) Employees

The Inspector General, in carrying out the provisions of this section, is authorized to select, appoint, and employ such officers and employees (including consultants) as may be necessary for carrying out the functions, powers, and duties of the Office of Inspector General subject to the provisions of law governing selections, appointments, and employment in the Library of Congress.

(e) Transfers All functions, personnel, and budget resources of the Office of Investigations of the Library of Congress are transferred to the Office of Inspector General.

(f) Incumbent The individual who serves in the position of Inspector General of the Library of Congress on August 2, 2005, shall continue to serve in that position, subject to removal in accordance with this section.

(g) References References in any other Federal law, Executive order, rule, regulation, or delegation of authority, or any document of or relating to the Inspector General of the Library of Congress shall be deemed to refer to the Inspector General of the Library of Congress as set forth under this section.

(h) Effective date This section shall be effective on August 2, 2005.