Treaty of Nice

Treaty of Nice

amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts

(2001/C 80/01)

PREAMBLE
HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SPAIN,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC,

THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC,

HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS,

THE FEDERAL PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND,

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND,

RECALLING the historic importance of the ending of the division of the European continent,

DESIRING to complete the process started by the Treaty of Amsterdam of preparing the institutions of the European Union to function in an enlarged Union,

DETERMINED on this basis to press ahead with the accession negotiations in order to bring them to a successful conclusion, in accordance with the procedure laid down in the Treaty on European Union,

HAVE RESOLVED to amend the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts,

and to this end have designated as their Plenipotentiaries:

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS:

Mr. Louis MICHEL,

Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK:

Mr. Mogens LYKKETOFT,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY:

Mr. Joseph FISCHER,

Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC:

Mr. Georgios PAPANDREOU,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SPAIN:

Mr. Josep PIQUÉ I CAMPS,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC:

Mr. Hubert VÉDRINE,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND:

Mr. Brian COWEN,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC:

Mr. Lamberto DINI,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG:

Ms. Lydie POLFER,

Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS:

Mr. Jozias Johannes VAN AARTSEN,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE FEDERAL PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA:

Ms. Benita FERRERO-WALDNER,

Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC:

Mr. Jaime GAMA,

Ministro de Estado, Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND:

Mr. Erkki TUOMIOJA,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN:

Ms. Anna LINDH,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND:

Mr. Robin COOK,

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs;

WHO, having exchanged their full powers found in good and due form,

HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

Article 1: The Treaty on European Union shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
1. Article 7 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 7


 * 1. On a reasoned proposal by one third of the Member States, by the European Parliament or by the Commission, the Council, acting by a majority of four-fifths of its members after obtaining the assent of the European Parliament, may determine that there is a clear risk of a serious breach by a Member State of principles mentioned in Article 6(1), and address appropriate recommendations to that State. Before making such a determination, the Council shall hear the Member State in question and, acting in accordance with the same procedure, may call on independent persons to submit within a reasonable time limit a report on the situation in the Member State in question.


 * The Council shall regularly verify that the grounds on which such a determination was made continue to apply.


 * 2. The Council, meeting in the composition of the Heads of State or Government and acting by unanimity on a proposal by one third of the Member States or by the Commission and after obtaining the assent of the European Parliament, may determine the existence of a serious and persistent breach by a Member State of principles mentioned in Article 6(1), after inviting the government of the Member State in question to submit its observations.


 * 3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 has been made, the Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide to suspend certain of the rights deriving from the application of this Treaty to the Member State in question, including the voting rights of the representative of the government of that Member State in the Council. In doing so, the Council shall take into account the possible consequences of such a suspension on the rights and obligations of natural and legal persons.


 * The obligations of the Member State in question under this Treaty shall in any case continue to be binding on that State.


 * 4. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide subsequently to vary or revoke measures taken under paragraph 3 in response to changes in the situation which led to their being imposed.


 * 5. For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act without taking into account the vote of the representative of the government of the Member State in question. Abstentions by members present in person or represented shall not prevent the adoption of decisions referred to in paragraph 2. A qualified majority shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes of the members of the Council concerned as laid down in Article 205(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community.


 * This paragraph shall also apply in the event of voting rights being suspended pursuant to paragraph 3.


 * 6. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2, the European Parliament shall act by a two-thirds majority of the votes cast, representing a majority of its Members."

2. Article 17 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 17


 * 1. The common foreign and security policy shall include all questions relating to the security of the Union, including the progressive framing of a common defence policy, which might lead to a common defence, should the European Council so decide. It shall in that case recommend to the Member States the adoption of such a decision in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements.


 * The policy of the Union in accordance with this Article shall not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain Member States and shall respect the obligations of certain Member States, which see their common defence realised in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), under the North Atlantic Treaty and be compatible with the common security and defence policy established within that framework.


 * The progressive framing of a common defence policy will be supported, as Member States consider appropriate, by cooperation between them in the field of armaments.


 * 2. Questions referred to in this Article shall include humanitarian and rescue tasks, peacekeeping tasks and tasks of combat forces in crisis management, including peacemaking.


 * 3. Decisions having defence implications dealt with under this Article shall be taken without prejudice to the policies and obligations referred to in paragraph 1, second subparagraph.


 * 4. The provisions of this Article shall not prevent the development of closer cooperation between two or more Member States on a bilateral level, in the framework of the Western European Union (WEU) and NATO, provided such cooperation does not run counter to or impede that provided for in this Title.


 * 5. With a view to furthering the objectives of this Article, the provisions of this Article will be reviewed in accordance with Article 48."

3. In Article 23(2), first subparagraph, the following third indent shall be added:


 * "– when appointing a special representative in accordance with Article 18(5)."

4. Article 24 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 24


 * 1. When it is necessary to conclude an agreement with one or more States or international organisations in implementation of this Title, the Council may authorise the Presidency, assisted by the Commission as appropriate, to open negotiations to that effect. Such agreements shall be concluded by the Council on a recommendation from the Presidency.


 * 2. The Council shall act unanimously when the agreement covers an issue for which unanimity is required for the adoption of internal decisions.


 * 3. When the agreement is envisaged in order to implement a joint action or common position, the Council shall act by a qualified majority in accordance with Article 23(2).


 * 4. The provisions of this Article shall also apply to matters falling under Title VI. When the agreement covers an issue for which a qualified majority is required for the adoption of internal decisions or measures, the Council shall act by a qualified majority in accordance with Article 34(3).


 * 5. No agreement shall be binding on a Member State whose representative in the Council states that it has to comply with the requirements of its own constitutional procedure; the other members of the Council may agree that the agreement shall nevertheless apply provisionally.


 * 6. Agreements concluded under the conditions set out by this Article shall be binding on the institutions of the Union."

5. Article 25 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 25


 * Without prejudice to Article 207 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, a Political and Security Committee shall monitor the international situation in the areas covered by the common foreign and security policy and contribute to the definition of policies by delivering opinions to the Council at the request of the Council or on its own initiative. It shall also monitor the implementation of agreed policies, without prejudice to the responsibility of the Presidency and the Commission.


 * Within the scope of this Title, this Committee shall exercise, under the responsibility of the Council, political control and strategic direction of crisis management operations.


 * The Council may authorise the Committee, for the purpose and for the duration of a crisis management operation, as determined by the Council, to take the relevant decisions concerning the political control and strategic direction of the operation, without prejudice to Article 47."

6. The following Articles shall be inserted:


 * "Article 27a


 * 1. Enhanced cooperation in any of the areas referred to in this Title shall be aimed at safeguarding the values and serving the interests of the Union as a whole by asserting its identity as a coherent force on the international scene. It shall respect:


 * – the principles, objectives, general guidelines and consistency of the common foreign and security policy and the decisions taken within the framework of that policy;


 * – the powers of the European Community, and


 * – consistency between all the Union's policies and its external activities.


 * 2. Articles 11 to 27 and Articles 27b to 28 shall apply to the enhanced cooperation provided for in this Article, save as otherwise provided in Article 27c and Articles 43 to 45.


 * Article 27b


 * Enhanced cooperation pursuant to this Title shall relate to implementation of a joint action or a common position. It shall not relate to matters having military or defence implications.


 * Article 27c


 * Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves under Article 27b shall address a request to the Council to that effect.


 * The request shall be forwarded to the Commission and to the European Parliament for information. The Commission shall give its opinion particularly on whether the enhanced cooperation proposed is consistent with Union policies. Authorisation shall be granted by the Council, acting in accordance with the second and third subparagraphs of Article 23(2) and in compliance with Articles 43 to 45.


 * Article 27d


 * Without prejudice to the powers of the Presidency or of the Commission, the Secretary-General of the Council, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, shall in particular ensure that the European Parliament and all members of the Council are kept fully informed of the implementation of enhanced cooperation in the field of the common foreign and security policy.


 * Article 27e


 * Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance with Article 27c shall notify its intention to the Council and inform the Commission. The Commission shall give an opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of that notification. Within four months of the date of receipt of that notification, the Council shall take a decision on the request and on such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary. The decision shall be deemed to be taken unless the Council, acting by a qualified majority within the same period, decides to hold it in abeyance; in that case, the Council shall state the reasons for its decision and set a deadline for re-examining it.


 * For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act by a qualified majority. The qualified majority shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes and the same proportion of the number of the members of the Council concerned as those laid down in the third subparagraph of Article 23(2)."

7. In Article 29, second paragraph, the second indent shall be replaced by the following:


 * "– closer cooperation between judicial and other competent authorities of the Member States, including cooperation through the European Judicial Cooperation Unit ('Eurojust'), in accordance with the provisions of Articles 31 and 32;"

8. Article 31 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 31


 * 1. Common action on judicial cooperation in criminal matters shall include:


 * (a) facilitating and accelerating cooperation between competent ministries and judicial or equivalent authorities of the Member States, including, where appropriate, cooperation through Eurojust, in relation to proceedings and the enforcement of decisions;


 * (b) facilitating extradition between Member States;


 * (c) ensuring compatibility in rules applicable in the Member States, as may be necessary to improve such cooperation;


 * (d) preventing conflicts of jurisdiction between Member States;


 * (e) progressively adopting measures establishing minimum rules relating to the constituent elements of criminal acts and to penalties in the fields of organised crime, terrorism and illicit drug trafficking.


 * 2. The Council shall encourage cooperation through Eurojust by:


 * (a) enabling Eurojust to facilitate proper coordination between Member States' national prosecuting authorities;


 * (b) promoting support by Eurojust for criminal investigations in cases of serious cross-border crime, particularly in the case of organised crime, taking account, in particular, of analyses carried out by Europol;


 * (c) facilitating close cooperation between Eurojust and the European Judicial Network, particularly, in order to facilitate the execution of letters rogatory and the implementation of extradition requests."

9. Article 40 shall be replaced by the following Articles 40, 40a and 40b:


 * "Article 40


 * 1. Enhanced cooperation in any of the areas referred to in this Title shall have the aim of enabling the Union to develop more rapidly into an area of freedom, security and justice, while respecting the powers of the European Community and the objectives laid down in this Title.


 * 2. Articles 29 to 39 and Articles 40a to 41 shall apply to the enhanced cooperation provided for by this Article, save as otherwise provided in Article 40a and in Articles 43 to 45.


 * 3. The provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Community concerning the powers of the Court of Justice and the exercise of those powers shall apply to this Article and to Articles 40a and 40b.


 * Article 40a


 * 1. Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves under Article 40 shall address a request to the Commission, which may submit a proposal to the Council to that effect. In the event of the Commission not submitting a proposal, it shall inform the Member States concerned of the reasons for not doing so. Those Member States may then submit an initiative to the Council designed to obtain authorisation for the enhanced cooperation concerned.


 * 2. The authorisation referred to in paragraph 1 shall be granted, in compliance with Articles 43 to 45, by the Council, acting by a qualified majority, on a proposal from the Commission or on the initiative of at least eight Member States, and after consulting the European Parliament. The votes of the members of the Council shall be weighted in accordance with Article 205(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community.


 * A member of the Council may request that the matter be referred to the European Council. After that matter has been raised before the European Council, the Council may act in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph.


 * Article 40b


 * Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance with Article 40a shall notify its intention to the Council and to the Commission, which shall give an opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of that notification, possibly accompanied by a recommendation for such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary for that Member State to become a party to the cooperation in question. The Council shall take a decision on the request within four months of the date of receipt of that notification. The decision shall be deemed to be taken unless the Council, acting by a qualified majority within the same period, decides to hold it in abeyance; in that case, the Council shall state the reasons for its decision and set a deadline for re-examining it.


 * For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act under the conditions set out in Article 44(1)."

10. The heading of Title VII shall be replaced by the following: "Provisions on enhanced cooperation".

11. Article 43 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 43


 * Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves may make use of the institutions, procedures and mechanisms laid down by this Treaty and by the Treaty establishing the European Community provided that the proposed cooperation:


 * (a) is aimed at furthering the objectives of the Union and of the Community, at protecting and serving their interests and at reinforcing their process of integration;


 * (b) respects the said Treaties and the single institutional framework of the Union;


 * (c) respects the acquis communautaire and the measures adopted under the other provisions of the said Treaties;


 * (d) remains within the limits of the powers of the Union or of the Community and does not concern the areas which fall within the exclusive competence of the Community;


 * (e) does not undermine the internal market as defined in Article 14(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, or the economic and social cohesion established in accordance with Title XVII of that Treaty;


 * (f) does not constitute a barrier to or discrimination in trade between the Member States and does not distort competition between them;


 * (g) involves a minimum of eight Member States;


 * (h) respects the competences, rights and obligations of those Member States which do not participate therein;


 * (i) does not affect the provisions of the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union;


 * (j) is open to all the Member States, in accordance with Article 43b."

12. The following Articles shall be inserted:


 * "Article 43a


 * Enhanced cooperation may be undertaken only as a last resort, when it has been established within the Council that the objectives of such cooperation cannot be attained within a reasonable period by applying the relevant provisions of the Treaties.


 * Article 43b


 * When enhanced cooperation is being established, it shall be open to all Member States. It shall also be open to them at any time, in accordance with Articles 27e and 40b of this Treaty and with Article 11a of the Treaty establishing the European Community, subject to compliance with the basic decision and with the decisions taken within that framework. The Commission and the Member States participating in enhanced cooperation shall ensure that as many Member States as possible are encouraged to take part."

13. Article 44 shall be replaced by the following Articles 44 and 44a:


 * "Article 44


 * 1. For the purposes of the adoption of the acts and decisions necessary for the implementation of enhanced cooperation referred to in Article 43, the relevant institutional provisions of this Treaty and of the Treaty establishing the European Community shall apply. However, while all members of the Council shall be able to take part in the deliberations, only those representing Member States participating in enhanced cooperation shall take part in the adoption of decisions. The qualified majority shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes and the same proportion of the number of the Council members concerned as laid down in Article 205(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in the second and third subparagraphs of Article 23(2) of this Treaty as regards enhanced cooperation established on the basis of Article 27c. Unanimity shall be constituted by only those Council members concerned.


 * Such acts and decisions shall not form part of the Union acquis.


 * 2. Member States shall apply, as far as they are concerned, the acts and decisions adopted for the implementation of the enhanced cooperation in which they participate. Such acts and decisions shall be binding only on those Member States which participate in such cooperation and, as appropriate, shall be directly applicable only in those States. Member States which do not participate in such cooperation shall not impede the implementation thereof by the participating Member States.


 * Article 44a


 * Expenditure resulting from implementation of enhanced cooperation, other than administrative costs entailed for the institutions, shall be borne by the participating Member States, unless all members of the Council, acting unanimously after consulting the European Parliament, decide otherwise."

14. Article 45 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 45


 * The Council and the Commission shall ensure the consistency of activities undertaken on the basis of this Title and the consistency of such activities with the policies of the Union and the Community, and shall cooperate to that end."

15. Article 46 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 46


 * The provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Community, the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community concerning the powers of the Court of Justice of the European Communities and the exercise of those powers shall apply only to the following provisions of this Treaty:


 * (a) provisions amending the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community with a view to establishing the European Community, the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community;


 * (b) provisions of Title VI, under the conditions provided for by Article 35;


 * (c) provisions of Title VII, under the conditions provided for by Articles 11 and 11a of the Treaty establishing the European Community and Article 40 of this Treaty;


 * (d) Article 6(2) with regard to action of the institutions, insofar as the Court has jurisdiction under the Treaties establishing the European Communities and under this Treaty;


 * (e) the purely procedural stipulations in Article 7, with the Court acting at the request of the Member State concerned within one month from the date of the determination by the Council provided for in that Article;


 * (f) Articles 46 to 53."

Article 2: The Treaty establishing the European Community shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
1. Article 11 shall be replaced by the following Articles 11 and 11a:


 * "Article 11


 * 1. Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves in one of the areas referred to in this Treaty shall address a request to the Commission, which may submit a proposal to the Council to that effect. In the event of the Commission not submitting a proposal, it shall inform the Member States concerned of the reasons for not doing so.


 * 2. Authorisation to establish enhanced cooperation as referred to in paragraph 1 shall be granted, in compliance with Articles 43 to 45 of the Treaty on European Union, by the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament. When enhanced cooperation relates to an area covered by the procedure referred to in Article 251 of this Treaty, the assent of the European Parliament shall be required.


 * A member of the Council may request that the matter be referred to the European Council. After that matter has been raised before the European Council, the Council may act in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph.


 * 3. The acts and decisions necessary for the implementation of enhanced cooperation activities shall be subject to all the relevant provisions of this Treaty, save as otherwise provided in this Article and in Articles 43 to 45 of the Treaty on European Union.


 * Article 11a


 * Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance with Article 11 shall notify its intention to the Council and to the Commission, which shall give an opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of that notification. Within four months of the date of receipt of that notification, the Commission shall take a decision on it, and on such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary."

2. In Article 13, the current text shall become paragraph 1 and the following paragraph 2 shall be added:


 * "2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, when the Council adopts Community incentive measures, excluding any harmonisation of the laws and regulations of the Member States, to support action taken by the Member States in order to contribute to the achievement of the objectives referred to in paragraph 1, it shall act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251."

3. Article 18 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 18


 * 1. Every citizen of the Union shall have the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, subject to the limitations and conditions laid down in this Treaty and by the measures adopted to give it effect.


 * 2. If action by the Community should prove necessary to attain this objective and this Treaty has not provided the necessary powers, the Council may adopt provisions with a view to facilitating the exercise of the rights referred to in paragraph 1. The Council shall act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251.


 * 3. Paragraph 2 shall not apply to provisions on passports, identity cards, residence permits or any other such document or to provisions on social security or social protection."

4. In Article 67, the following paragraph shall be added:


 * "5. By derogation from paragraph 1, the Council shall adopt, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251:


 * – the measures provided for in Article 63(1) and (2)(a) provided that the Council has previously adopted, in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article, Community legislation defining the common rules and basic principles governing these issues;


 * – the measures provided for in Article 65 with the exception of aspects relating to family law."

5. Article 100 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 100


 * 1. Without prejudice to any other procedures provided for in this Treaty, the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, may decide upon the measures appropriate to the economic situation, in particular if severe difficulties arise in the supply of certain products.


 * 2. Where a Member State is in difficulties or is seriously threatened with severe difficulties caused by natural disasters or exceptional occurrences beyond its control, the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, may grant, under certain conditions, Community financial assistance to the Member State concerned. The President of the Council shall inform the European Parliament of the decision taken."

6. Article 111(4) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "4. Subject to paragraph 1, the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the ECB, shall decide on the position of the Community at international level as regards issues of particular relevance to economic and monetary union and on its representation, in compliance with the allocation of powers laid down in Articles 99 and 105."

7. Article 123(4) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "4. At the starting date of the third stage, the Council shall, acting with the unanimity of the Member States without a derogation, on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the ECB, adopt the conversion rates at which their currencies shall be irrevocably fixed and at which irrevocably fixed rate the ECU shall be substituted for these currencies, and the ECU will become a currency in its own right. This measure shall by itself not modify the external value of the ECU. The Council, acting by a qualified majority of the said Member States, on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the ECB, shall take the other measures necessary for the rapid introduction of the ECU as the single currency of those Member States. The second sentence of Article 122(5) shall apply."

8. Article 133 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 133


 * 1. The common commercial policy shall be based on uniform principles, particularly in regard to changes in tariff rates, the conclusion of tariff and trade agreements, the achievement of uniformity in measures of liberalisation, export policy and measures to protect trade such as those to be taken in the event of dumping or subsidies.


 * 2. The Commission shall submit proposals to the Council for implementing the common commercial policy.


 * 3. Where agreements with one or more States or international organisations need to be negotiated, the Commission shall make recommendations to the Council, which shall authorise the Commission to open the necessary negotiations. The Council and the Commission shall be responsible for ensuring that the agreements negotiated are compatible with internal Community policies and rules.


 * The Commission shall conduct these negotiations in consultation with a special committee appointed by the Council to assist the Commission in this task and within the framework of such directives as the Council may issue to it. The Commission shall report regularly to the special committee on the progress of negotiations.


 * The relevant provisions of Article 300 shall apply.


 * 4. In exercising the powers conferred upon it by this Article, the Council shall act by a qualified majority.


 * 5. Paragraphs 1 to 4 shall also apply to the negotiation and conclusion of agreements in the fields of trade in services and the commercial aspects of intellectual property, insofar as those agreements are not covered by the said paragraphs and without prejudice to paragraph 6.


 * By way of derogation from paragraph 4, the Council shall act unanimously when negotiating and concluding an agreement in one of the fields referred to in the first subparagraph, where that agreement includes provisions for which unanimity is required for the adoption of internal rules or where it relates to a field in which the Community has not yet exercised the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty by adopting internal rules.


 * The Council shall act unanimously with respect to the negotiation and conclusion of a horizontal agreement insofar as it also concerns the preceding subparagraph or the second subparagraph of paragraph 6.


 * This paragraph shall not affect the right of the Member States to maintain and conclude agreements with third countries or international organisations insofar as such agreements comply with Community law and other relevant international agreements.


 * 6. An agreement may not be concluded by the Council if it includes provisions which would go beyond the Community's internal powers, in particular by leading to harmonisation of the laws or regulations of the Member States in an area for which this Treaty rules out such harmonisation.


 * In this regard, by way of derogation from the first subparagraph of paragraph 5, agreements relating to trade in cultural and audiovisual services, educational services, and social and human health services, shall fall within the shared competence of the Community and its Member States. Consequently, in addition to a Community decision taken in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 300, the negotiation of such agreements shall require the common accord of the Member States. Agreements thus negotiated shall be concluded jointly by the Community and the Member States.


 * The negotiation and conclusion of international agreements in the field of transport shall continue to be governed by the provisions of Title V and Article 300.


 * 7. Without prejudice to the first subparagraph of paragraph 6, the Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, may extend the application of paragraphs 1 to 4 to international negotiations and agreements on intellectual property insofar as they are not covered by paragraph 5."

9. Article 137 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 137


 * 1. With a view to achieving the objectives of Article 136, the Community shall support and complement the activities of the Member States in the following fields:


 * (a) improvement in particular of the working environment to protect workers' health and safety;


 * (b) working conditions;


 * (c) social security and social protection of workers;


 * (d) protection of workers where their employment contract is terminated;


 * (e) the information and consultation of workers;


 * (f) representation and collective defence of the interests of workers and employers, including co-determination, subject to paragraph 5;


 * (g) conditions of employment for third-country nationals legally residing in Community territory;


 * (h) the integration of persons excluded from the labour market, without prejudice to Article 150;


 * (i) equality between men and women with regard to labour market opportunities and treatment at work;


 * (j) the combating of social exclusion;


 * (k) the modernisation of social protection systems without prejudice to point (c).


 * 2. To this end, the Council:


 * (a) may adopt measures designed to encourage cooperation between Member States through initiatives aimed at improving knowledge, developing exchanges of information and best practices, promoting innovative approaches and evaluating experiences, excluding any harmonisation of the laws and regulations of the Member States;


 * (b) may adopt, in the fields referred to in paragraph 1(a) to (i), by means of directives, minimum requirements for gradual implementation, having regard to the conditions and technical rules obtaining in each of the Member States. Such directives shall avoid imposing administrative, financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of small and medium-sized undertakings.


 * The Council shall act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, except in the fields referred to in paragraph 1(c), (d), (f) and (g) of this Article, where the Council shall act unanimously on a proposal from the Commission, after consulting the European Parliament and the said Committees. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission, after consulting the European Parliament, may decide to render the procedure referred to in Article 251 applicable to paragraph 1(d), (f) and (g) of this Article.


 * 3. A Member State may entrust management and labour, at their joint request, with the implementation of directives adopted pursuant to paragraph 2.


 * In this case, it shall ensure that, no later than the date on which a directive must be transposed in accordance with Article 249, management and labour have introduced the necessary measures by agreement, the Member State concerned being required to take any necessary measure enabling it at any time to be in a position to guarantee the results imposed by that directive.


 * 4. The provisions adopted pursuant to this Article:


 * – shall not affect the right of Member States to define the fundamental principles of their social security systems and must not significantly affect the financial equilibrium thereof;


 * – shall not prevent any Member State from maintaining or introducing more stringent protective measures compatible with this Treaty.


 * 5. The provisions of this Article shall not apply to pay, the right of association, the right to strike or the right to impose lock-outs."

10. In Article 139(2), the second subparagraph shall be replaced by the following: "The Council shall act by a qualified majority, except where the agreement in question contains one or more provisions relating to one of the areas for which unanimity is required pursuant to Article 137(2). In that case, it shall act unanimously."

11. Article 144 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 144


 * The Council, after consulting the European Parliament, shall establish a Social Protection Committee with advisory status to promote cooperation on social protection policies between Member States and with the Commission. The tasks of the Committee shall be:


 * – to monitor the social situation and the development of social protection policies in the Member States and the Community;


 * – to promote exchanges of information, experience and good practice between Member States and with the Commission;


 * – without prejudice to Article 207, to prepare reports, formulate opinions or undertake other work within its fields of competence, at the request of either the Council or the Commission or on its own initiative.


 * In fulfilling its mandate, the Committee shall establish appropriate contacts with management and labour.


 * Each Member State and the Commission shall appoint two members of the Committee."

12. Article 157(3) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "3. The Community shall contribute to the achievement of the objectives set out in paragraph 1 through the policies and activities it pursues under other provisions of this Treaty. The Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 and after consulting the Economic and Social Committee, may decide on specific measures in support of action taken in the Member States to achieve the objectives set out in paragraph 1.


 * This Title shall not provide a basis for the introduction by the Community of any measure which could lead to a distortion of competition or contains tax provisions or provisions relating to the rights and interests of employed persons."

13. In Article 159, the third paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "If specific actions prove necessary outside the Funds and without prejudice to the measures decided upon within the framework of the other Community policies, such actions may be adopted by the Council acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 and after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions."

14. In Article 161, the following third paragraph shall be added:


 * "From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission after obtaining the assent of the European Parliament and after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions if, by that date, the multiannual financial perspective applicable from 1 January 2007 and the Interinstitutional Agreement relating thereto have been adopted. If such is not the case, the procedure laid down by this paragraph shall apply from the date of their adoption."

15. Article 175(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. By way of derogation from the decision-making procedure provided for in paragraph 1 and without prejudice to Article 95, the Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, shall adopt:


 * (a) provisions primarily of a fiscal nature;


 * (b) measures affecting:


 * – town and country planning;


 * – quantitative management of water resources or affecting, directly or indirectly, the availability of those resources;


 * – land use, with the exception of waste management;


 * (c) measures significantly affecting a Member State's choice between different energy sources and the general structure of its energy supply.


 * The Council may, under the conditions laid down in the first subparagraph, define those matters referred to in this paragraph on which decisions are to be taken by a qualified majority."

16. In Part Three, the following Title shall be added:


 * "Title XXI


 * ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION WITH THIRD COUNTRIES


 * Article 181a


 * 1. Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Treaty, and in particular those of Title XX, the Community shall carry out, within its spheres of competence, economic, financial and technical cooperation measures with third countries. Such measures shall be complementary to those carried out by the Member States and consistent with the development policy of the Community.


 * Community policy in this area shall contribute to the general objective of developing and consolidating democracy and the rule of law, and to the objective of respecting human rights and fundamental freedoms.


 * 2. The Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the measures necessary for the implementation of paragraph 1. The Council shall act unanimously for the association agreements referred to in Article 310 and for the agreements to be concluded with the States which are candidates for accession to the Union.


 * 3. Within their respective spheres of competence, the Community and the Member States shall cooperate with third countries and the competent international organisations. The arrangements for Community cooperation may be the subject of agreements between the Community and the third parties concerned, which shall be negotiated and concluded in accordance with Article 300.


 * The first subparagraph shall be without prejudice to the Member States' competence to negotiate in international bodies and to conclude international agreements."

17. In Article 189, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732."

18. Article 190(5) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "5. The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the approval of the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall lay down the regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council."

19. In Article 191, the following second paragraph shall be added:


 * "The Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251, shall lay down the regulations governing political parties at European level and in particular the rules regarding their funding."

20. Article 207(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat."

21. Article 210 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 210


 * The Council shall, acting by a qualified majority, determine the salaries, allowances and pensions of the President and Members of the Commission, and of the President, Judges, Advocates-General and Registrar of the Court of Justice and of the Members and Registrar of the Court of First Instance. It shall also, again by a qualified majority, determine any payment to be made instead of remuneration."

22. Article 214(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission; the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.


 * The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President, shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission, drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.


 * The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

23. Article 215 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 215


 * Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.


 * A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of the Member's term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.


 * In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 214(2) shall be applicable for the replacement of the President.


 * Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 216, Members of the Commission shall remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article."

24. Article 217 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 217


 * 1. The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of collegiality.


 * 2. The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities during the Commission's term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties devolved upon them by the President under his authority.


 * 3. After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from among its Members.


 * 4. A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the approval of the College."

25. In Article 219, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

26. Article 220 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 220


 * The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.


 * In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid down in Article 225a in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid down in this Treaty."

27. Article 221 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 221


 * The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.


 * The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court."

28. Article 222 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 222


 * The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.


 * It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the Court of Justice, require his involvement."

29. Article 223 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 223


 * The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the highest judicial offices in their respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years.


 * Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General, in accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.


 * The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

30. Article 224 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 224


 * The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.


 * The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be eligible for reappointment.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance."

31. Article 225 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 225


 * 1. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 230, 232, 235, 236 and 238, with the exception of those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or proceeding.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute.


 * 2. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 225a.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.


 * 3. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for a preliminary ruling under Article 234, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.


 * Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a ruling.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected."

32. The following Article shall be inserted:


 * "Article 225a


 * The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.


 * The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.


 * Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or, when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact, before the Court of First Instance.


 * The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.


 * The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the decision establishing the judicial panel provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply to the judicial panels."

33. The following Article shall be inserted:


 * "Article 229a


 * Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Treaty, the Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, may adopt provisions to confer jurisdiction, to the extent that it shall determine, on the Court of Justice in disputes relating to the application of acts adopted on the basis of this Treaty which create Community industrial property rights. The Council shall recommend those provisions to the Member States for adoption in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements."

34. In Article 230, the second and third paragraphs shall be replaced by the following:


 * "It shall for this purpose have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, the European Parliament, the Council or the Commission on grounds of lack of competence, infringement of an essential procedural requirement, infringement of this Treaty or of any rule of law relating to its application, or misuse of powers.


 * The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the Court of Auditors and by the ECB for the purpose of protecting their prerogatives."

35. Article 245 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 245


 * The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.


 * The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute, with the exception of Title I."

36. Article 247 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.";


 * (b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "3. The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.


 * They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of three years. The President may be re-elected."

37. Article 248 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such examination.

The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement may be supplemented by specific assessments for each major area of Community activity.";


 * (b) paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "4. The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published, together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the Official Journal of the European Union.


 * The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other institutions of the Community.


 * It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members. However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.


 * It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over the implementation of the budget.


 * The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

38. In Article 254(1) and (2), the words Official Journal of the European Communities shall be replaced by Official Journal of the European Union.

39. Article 257 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 257


 * An Economic and Social Committee is hereby established. It shall have advisory status.


 * The Committee shall consist of representatives of the various economic and social components of organised civil society, and in particular representatives of producers, farmers, carriers, workers, dealers, craftsmen, professional occupations, consumers and the general interest."

40. Article 258 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 258


 * The number of members of the Economic and Social Committee shall not exceed 350.


 * The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:




 * Belgium || 12
 * Denmark || 9
 * Germany || 24
 * Greece || 12
 * Spain || 21
 * France || 24
 * Ireland || 9
 * Italy || 24
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * }


 * The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be completely independent in the performance of their duties, in the general interest of the Community.


 * The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall determine the allowances of members of the Committee."

41. In Article 259, paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The members of the Committee shall be appointed for four years, on proposals from the Member States. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the members of the Committee shall be renewable."

42. Article 263 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 263


 * A Committee, hereinafter referred to as 'the Committee of the Regions', consisting of representatives of regional and local bodies who either hold a regional or local authority electoral mandate or are politically accountable to an elected assembly, is hereby established with advisory status.


 * The number of members of the Committee of the Regions shall not exceed 350.


 * The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:




 * Belgium || 12
 * Denmark || 9
 * Germany || 24
 * Greece || 12
 * Spain || 21
 * France || 24
 * Ireland || 9
 * Italy || 24
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }


 * The members of the Committee and an equal number of alternate members shall be appointed for four years, on proposals from the respective Member States. Their term of office shall be renewable. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members and alternate members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. When the mandate referred to in the first paragraph on the basis of which they were proposed comes to an end, the term of office of members of the Committee shall terminate automatically and they shall then be replaced for the remainder of the said term of office in accordance with the same procedure. No member of the Committee shall at the same time be a Member of the European Parliament.


 * The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be completely independent in the performance of their duties, in the general interest of the Community."

43. Article 266 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 266


 * The European Investment Bank shall have legal personality.


 * The members of the European Investment Bank shall be the Member States.


 * The Statute of the European Investment Bank is laid down in a Protocol annexed to this Treaty. The Council, acting unanimously, at the request of the European Investment Bank and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the European Investment Bank, may amend Articles 4, 11 and 12 and Article 18(5) of the Statute of the Bank."

44. Article 279 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 279


 * 1. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall:


 * (a) make Financial Regulations specifying in particular the procedure to be adopted for establishing and implementing the budget and for presenting and auditing accounts;


 * (b) lay down rules concerning the responsibility of financial controllers, authorising officers and accounting officers, and concerning appropriate arrangements for inspection.


 * From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors.


 * 2. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall determine the methods and procedure whereby the budget revenue provided under the arrangements relating to the Community's own resources shall be made available to the Commission, and determine the measures to be applied, if need be, to meet cash requirements."

45. Article 290 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 290


 * The rules governing the languages of the institutions of the Community shall, without prejudice to the provisions contained in the Statute of the Court of Justice, be determined by the Council, acting unanimously."

46. Article 300 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) in paragraph 2, the second and third subparagraphs shall be replaced by the following:


 * "By way of derogation from the rules laid down in paragraph 3, the same procedures shall apply for a decision to suspend the application of an agreement, and for the purpose of establishing the positions to be adopted on behalf of the Community in a body set up by an agreement, when that body is called upon to adopt decisions having legal effects, with the exception of decisions supplementing or amending the institutional framework of the agreement.

The European Parliament shall be immediately and fully informed of any decision under this paragraph concerning the provisional application or the suspension of agreements, or the establishment of the Community position in a body set up by an agreement.";


 * (b) paragraph 6 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "6. The European Parliament, the Council, the Commission or a Member State may obtain the opinion of the Court of Justice as to whether an agreement envisaged is compatible with the provisions of this Treaty. Where the opinion of the Court of Justice is adverse, the agreement may enter into force only in accordance with Article 48 of the Treaty on European Union."

47. Article 309 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) in paragraph 1, the terms "Article 7(2)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(3)";


 * (b) in paragraph 2, the terms "Article 7(1)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(2)".

Article 3: The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
1. In Article 107, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732."

2. Article 108(5) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "5. The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the approval of the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall lay down the regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council."

3. Article 121(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat."

4. Article 127(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission; the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.


 * The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President, shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission, drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.


 * The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

5. Article 128 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 128


 * Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.


 * A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of the Member's term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.


 * In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 127(2) shall be applicable for the replacement of the President.


 * Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 129, Members of the Commission shall remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article."

6. Article 130 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 130


 * 1. The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of collegiality.


 * 2. The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities during the Commission's term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties devolved upon them by the President under his authority.


 * 3. After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from among its Members.


 * 4. A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the approval of the College."

7. In Article 132, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

8. Article 136 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 136


 * The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.


 * In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid down in Article 140b in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid down in this Treaty."

9. Article 137 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 137


 * The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.


 * The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court."

10. Article 138 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 138


 * The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.


 * It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the Court of Justice, require his involvement."

11. Article 139 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 139


 * The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the highest judicial offices in their respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years.


 * Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General, in accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.


 * The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

12. Article 140 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 140


 * The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.


 * The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be eligible for reappointment.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance."

13. Article 140a shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 140a


 * 1. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 146, 148, 151, 152 and 153 with the exception of those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or proceeding.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute.


 * 2. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 140b.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.


 * 3. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for a preliminary ruling under Article 150, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.


 * Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a ruling.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected."

14. The following Article shall be inserted:


 * "Article 140b


 * The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.


 * The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.


 * Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or, when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact, before the Court of First Instance.


 * The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.


 * The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the decision establishing the judicial panels provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply to the judicial panels."

15. In Article 146, the second and third paragraphs shall be replaced by the following:


 * "It shall for this purpose have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, the European Parliament, the Council or the Commission on grounds of lack of competence, infringement of an essential procedural requirement, infringement of this Treaty or of any rule of law relating to its application, or misuse of powers.


 * The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the Court of Auditors for the purpose of protecting its prerogatives."

16. Article 160 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 160


 * The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.


 * The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute, with the exception of Title I."

17. Article 160b shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.";


 * (b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "3. The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.


 * They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of three years. The President may be re-elected."

18. Article 160c shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such examination.


 * The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement may be supplemented by specific assessments for each major area of Community activity.";


 * (b) Paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "4. The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published, together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the Official Journal of the European Union.


 * The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other institutions of the Community.


 * It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members. However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.


 * It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over the implementation of the budget.


 * The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

19. In Article 163, the first paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Regulations shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. They shall enter into force on the date specified in them or, in the absence thereof, on the twentieth day following that of their publication."

20. Article 165 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 165


 * An Economic and Social Committee is hereby established. It shall have advisory status.


 * The Committee shall consist of representatives of the various economic and social components of organised civil society, and in particular representatives of producers, farmers, carriers, workers, dealers, craftsmen, professional occupations, consumers and the general interest."

21. Article 166 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 166


 * The number of members of the Economic and Social Committee shall not exceed 350.


 * The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:




 * Belgium || 12
 * Denmark || 9
 * Germany || 24
 * Greece || 12
 * Spain || 21
 * France || 24
 * Ireland || 9
 * Italy || 24
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Luxembourg || 6
 * Netherlands || 12
 * Austria || 12
 * Portugal || 12
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * Finland || 9
 * Sweden || 12
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }
 * United Kingdom || 24
 * }


 * The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be completely independent in the performance of their duties, in the general interest of the Community.


 * The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall determine the allowances of members of the Committee."

22. Article 167(1) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The members of the Committee shall be appointed for four years, on proposals from the Member States. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the members of the Committee shall be renewable."

23. Article 183 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 183


 * 1. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall:


 * (a) make Financial Regulations specifying in particular the procedure to be adopted for establishing and implementing the budget and for presenting and auditing accounts;


 * (b) lay down rules concerning the responsibility of financial controllers, authorising officers and accounting officers, and concerning appropriate arrangements for inspection.


 * From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors.


 * 2. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall determine the methods and procedure whereby the budget revenue provided under the arrangements relating to the Community's own resources shall be made available to the Commission and determine the measures to be applied, if need be, to meet cash requirements."

24. Article 190 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 190


 * The rules governing the languages of the institutions of the Community shall, without prejudice to the provisions contained in the Statute of the Court of Justice, be determined by the Council, acting unanimously."

25. Article 204 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) in paragraph 1, the terms "Article F.1(2)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(3)";


 * (b) in paragraph 2, the terms "Article F.1" shall be replaced by "Article 6(1)" and the terms "Article F.1(1)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(2)".

Article 4: The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
1. Article 10(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission; the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.


 * The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President, shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission, drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.


 * The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

2. Article 11 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 11


 * 1. The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of collegiality.


 * 2. The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities during the Commission's term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties devolved upon them by the President under his authority.


 * 3. After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from among its Members.


 * 4. A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the approval of the College."

3. Article 12 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 12


 * Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.


 * A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of the Member's term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council acting by a qualified majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.


 * In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 10(2) shall be applicable for the replacement of the President.


 * Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 12a, Members of the Commission shall remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article."

4. In Article 13, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

5. In Article 20, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732."

6. Article 21(5) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "5. The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the approval of the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall lay down the regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council."

7. Article 30(2) shall be replaced by the following:


 * "2. The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat."

8. Article 31 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 31


 * The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.


 * In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid down in Article 32e in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid down in this Treaty."

9. Article 32 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 32


 * The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.


 * The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court."

10. Article 32a shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 32a


 * The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.


 * It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the Court of Justice, require his involvement."

11. Article 32b shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 32b


 * The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the highest judicial offices in their respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years.


 * Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General, in accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.


 * The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. These shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

12. Article 32c shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 32c


 * The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.


 * The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be eligible for reappointment.


 * The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a term of three years. He may be re-elected.


 * The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.


 * The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance."

13. Article 32d shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 32d


 * 1. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40 and 42, with the exception of those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or proceeding.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute.


 * 2. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 32e.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.


 * 3. The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for a preliminary ruling under Article 41, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.


 * Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a ruling.


 * Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected."

14. The following Article shall be inserted:


 * "Article 32e


 * The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.


 * The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.


 * Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or, when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact, before the Court of First Instance.


 * The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.


 * The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.


 * Unless the decision establishing the judicial panels provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply to the judicial panels."

15. Article 33 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) the first paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, by the European Parliament or by the Council to have decisions or recommendations of the Commission declared void on grounds of lack of competence, infringement of an essential procedural requirement, infringement of this Treaty or of any rule of law relating to its application, or misuse of powers. The Court of Justice may not, however, examine the evaluation of the situation, resulting from economic facts or circumstances, in the light of which the Commission took its decisions or made its recommendations, save where the Commission is alleged to have misused its powers or to have manifestly failed to observe the provisions of this Treaty or any rule of law relating to its application.";


 * (b) the fourth paragraph shall be replaced by the following:


 * "The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the Court of Auditors for the purpose of protecting its prerogatives."

16. Article 45 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 45


 * The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.


 * The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute."

17. Article 45b, shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.";


 * (b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "3. The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.


 * They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of three years. The President may be re-elected."

18. Article 45c shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "1. The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such examination.


 * The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement may be supplemented by specific assessment for each major area of Community activity.";


 * (b) Paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "4. The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published, together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the Official Journal of the European Union.


 * The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other institutions of the Community.


 * It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members. However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.


 * It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over the implementation of the budget.


 * The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority."

19. Article 96 shall be amended as follows:


 * (a) in paragraph 1, the terms "Article F.1(2)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(3)";


 * (b) in paragraph 2, the terms "Article F(1)" shall be replaced by "Article 6(1)" and the terms "Article F.1(1)" shall be replaced by "Article 7(2)".

Article 5: The Protocol on the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
In Article 10, the following paragraph shall be added:


 * "10.6 Article 10.2 may be amended by the Council meeting in the composition of the Heads of State or Government, acting unanimously either on a recommendation from the ECB and after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or on a recommendation from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the ECB. The Council shall recommend such amendments to the Member States for adoption. These amendments shall enter into force after having been ratified by all the Member States in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements.


 * A recommendation made by the ECB under this paragraph shall require a decision by the Governing Council acting unanimously."

Article 6: The Protocol on the privileges and immunities of the European Communities shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
Article 21 shall be replaced by the following:


 * "Article 21


 * Articles 12 to 15 and Article 18 shall apply to the Judges, the Advocates-General, the Registrar and the Assistant Rapporteurs of the Court of Justice and to the Members and Registrar of the Court of First Instance, without prejudice to the provisions of Article 3 of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice relating to immunity from legal proceedings of Judges and Advocates-General."

Article 7
The Protocols on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community are hereby repealed and replaced by the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed by this Treaty to the Treaty on European Union, to the Treaty establishing the European Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community.

Article 8
Articles 1 to 20, Article 44, Article 45, Article 46, second and third paragraphs, Articles 47 to 49 and Articles 51, 52, 54 and 55 of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community are hereby repealed.

Article 9
Without prejudice to the Articles of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community which remain in force, the provisions of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed by this Treaty to the Treaty on European Union, to the Treaty establishing the European Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall apply when the Court of Justice exercises its powers pursuant to the provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.

Article 10
Council Decision 88/591/ECSC, EEC, Euratom of 24 October 1988 establishing a Court of First Instance of the European Communities, as amended, is hereby repealed, with the exception of Article 3 insofar as the Court of First Instance exercises, pursuant to the said Article, the jurisdiction conferred on the Court of Justice by the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.

Article 11
This Treaty is concluded for an unlimited period.

Article 12
1. This Treaty shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Government of the Italian Republic.

2. This Treaty shall enter into force on the first day of the second month following that in which the instrument of ratification is deposited by the last signatory State to fulfil that formality.

Article 13
This Treaty, drawn up in a single original in the Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Irish, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish languages, the texts in each of these languages being equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the Italian Republic, which will transmit a certified copy to each of the governments of the other signatory States.

In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty.

[Signatures ommitted]

Done at Nice this twenty-sixth day of February in the year two thousand and one.

FINAL ACT
The CONFERENCE OF THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF THE MEMBER STATES convened in Brussels on 14 February 2000 to adopt by common accord the amendments to be made to the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing respectively the European Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community and certain related Acts has adopted the following texts:

I. Treaty of Nice amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related Acts

II. Protocols

A. Protocol annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities:

– /Protocol on the enlargement of the European Union/

B. Protocol annexed to the Treaty on European Union, to the Treaty establishing the European Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community:

– /Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice/

C. Protocols annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community:

– /Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and Steel/

– /Protocol on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community/

The Conference adopted the following declarations annexed to this Final Act:


 * 1) Declaration on the European security and defence policy
 * 2) Declaration on Article 31(2) of the Treaty on European Union
 * 3) Declaration on Article 10 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 4) Declaration on the third paragraph of Article 21 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 5) Declaration on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 6) Declaration on Article 100 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 7) Declaration on Article 111 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 8) Declaration on Article 137 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 9) Declaration on Article 175 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 10) Declaration on Article 181a of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 11) Declaration on Article 191 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 12) Declaration on Article 225 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 13) Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 14) Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 15) Declaration on Article 225(3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 16) Declaration on Article 225a of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 17) Declaration on Article 229a of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 18) Declaration on the Court of Auditors
 * 19) Declaration on Article 10.6 of the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank
 * 20) Declaration on the enlargement of the European Union
 * 21) Declaration on the qualified majority threshold and the number of votes for a blocking minority in an enlarged Union
 * 22) Declaration on the venue for European Councils
 * 23) Declaration on the future of the Union
 * 24) Declaration on Article 2 of the Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and Steel

The Conference took note of the following declarations annexed to this Final Act:
 * 1) Declaration by Luxembourg
 * 2) Declaration by Greece, Spain and Portugal on Article 161 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
 * 3) Declaration by Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria on Article 161 of the Treaty establishing the European Community