Translation:Shulchan Aruch/Orach Chaim/245

1. A Jew and a non-Jew that have a field or oven or bathhouse or millstone of water in a partnership, or they are partners in a store in a business: if they stipulated in the beginning at the time they came into the partnership that the profits of Shabbat would go to the non-Jew alone corresponding to another day that would go to the Jew alone, that is permissible. If they didn’t stipulate from the beginning, when they come to distribute the profits, the non-Jew should take all of the profits of Shabbat and the rest they should split. If the profits of Shabbat are not known, the non-Jew should take a 7th of the profits and split the rest. RAMA: There are authorities that permit the profits after-the-fact, even if he did not stipulate and split. It appears to me that in a situation of great loss there is what to rely on this opinion. Some say that all of this is only applicable to partners that each work their own day, but when both are working together all the days of the week, and on Shabbat the non-Jew works alone, then it is permissible to split with him all the profits because the non-Jew is working for his own benefit and the Jew is not benefiting from his work on Shabbat since the work wasn't obligated for him to do. Nevertheless, he shouldn't take the profits of Shabbat unless they are swallowed up with the other days.

2. Where they stipulated in the beginning: if after the time of splitting the non-Jew wants to split equally, it is permissible.

3. Where they didn’t stipulate in the beginning, there is a fix by the buyer returning the money of the land or they sell it to a different person afterward and they return and they buy it as a partnership and they stipulate at the time of the sale. If they were partners in a shop and did not stipulate, everybody returns and takes their share and they nullify the partnership. Afterwards they return to partner and they stipulate at the beginning. If he received land to do work as a partnership, they should nullify partnership and forgive each other. Afterwards they return to form a partnership and stipulate at the beginning. RAMA: If he wants to rent to a non-Jew his share on Shabbat or to rent in a way where they share the profits, it is permissible. Just like we clarified above at the end of the siman 242 regarding a tax collector and coins it’s permissible and all the more so here it’s permissible in a partnership with a non-Jew.

4. A Jew is able to give to a non-Jew money to do business with even though the non-Jew will do business with it on Shabbat. He splits with him all the profits equally since this work isn’t considered that the Jew said to do work, that they non-Jew did it as his agent. Also the work isn’t recognizable to be his. RAMA: This is referring specifically to cases where the non-Jew did work by himself with the money but if everyone worked their day and the Jew needs to work corresponding to what the non-Jew did on Shabbat, then it’s prohibited. And regarding the Jew that has collateral from the non-Jew look below at siman 325 seif 2.

5. It is permissible for a Jew to give merchandise to a non-Jew to sell if he set his wages, as long as he didn’t say to him sell on Shabbat. An oven that was taken by a Jew as collateral from a non-Jew and the non-Jew received the profits of the oven, he gives to the Jew with interest: it is permissible to take the profits on Shabbat because it belongs to the non-Jew and the Jew has no part of it. Also, the Jew didn’t say to work on Shabbat so the non-Jew is working for the sake of himself, to fulfill the conditions.

6. If he baked in an oven of a Jew on Shabbat against his will and give him bread as rent of the oven, it is forbidden to benefit from it.