Template:Cite web/doc

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for web sources that are not characterized by another CS1 template.

Cite news can also be used when citing a news source; for general information about citations in Wikipedia articles, see Wikipedia:Cite sources. A general discussion of the use of templates for adding citations to Wikipedia articles is available at Wikipedia:Citation templates.

Usage
Note: None of the parameters should be capitalised, in order to avoid the article being tagged as having a broken citation. For example, use "url", "title", etc. - not "URL", "Title", etc. Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.

For references without author credit

 If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left. 

Required parameters

 * url: URL of online item. Start the url with the communications protocol, e.g. http://.
 * title: Title of online item. This title will appear as the citation itself, hyperlinked to the URL. Certain characters must be replaced with their HTML numeric reference to be used in the title. The character "[" must be replaced with "&amp;#91;", "]" with "&amp;#93;", and "&#124;" (vertical bar) with "&amp;#124;".

Optional parameters

 * author parameters
 * author Use if specific individuals (rather than large organizations) are named as writing the page.  Use the publisher field to report the organization that controls the website.
 * last works with first to produce
 * authorlink works either with author or with last & first to link to the appropriate wikipedia article. Does not work with URLs.
 * last1, first1, ..., last9, first9 and optionally authorlink1, ..., authorlink9 for specifying more authors (note: last1, first1 and authorlink1 are synonyms for last, first and authorlink, so use either last1 or last, not both)
 * a date parameter
 * either date: Full date of publication. Should not be wikilinked.
 * or year: Year of publication, and month: Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Should not be wikilinked.
 * format: Format, e.g. PDF. HTML implied if not specified.
 * work: In most cases this is the name of the website (as usually given in the logo/banner area of the site), otherwise the site's domain name (without the leading "www." part). If the titled item being cited is part of some other larger work, such as a book, periodical or organizational sub-site (e.g., the law school's section of a university's website system), it is usually better to use the name of that more specific work than that of the entire site. Do not italicize; the software will do so automatically.
 * publisher: The name of the entity that publishes (owns or controls) the website. Commonly, this is a government agency, educational institution, or business.  For many websites, the author and publisher are the same, and only one needs to be included in the citation; prefer publisher for organizations, author (or first/last) for individuals.  Please note that publisher is not the name of the website; that is the work, except in cases where the business name is identical to the site name.  For example, the corporation Walmart is the publisher of the website at walmart.com, which is the work; Amazon.com is the publisher of the website at amazon.com, which need not be specified as the work, as this would be redundant. For republished works, generally use the original publisher information (including location, date, etc., and it is often more appropriate to use cite book, cite news, etc. with a url parameter instead of of ).
 * location: Geographical location of the publisher (or headquarters thereof).
 * a page parameter
 * either page: Page number if a multi-page web article and referencing a single page. "page=5" produces p. 5.
 * or pages: Page numbers if a multi-page web article and referencing more than one page. "pages=5–7" produces pp. 5–7. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not a total number of pages.
 * or at: When the page prefix is unwanted. "at=Table 5" produces Table 5.
 * language: language of publication (do not specify "English" as this is the default).
 * trans_title: A translated title of the article, in case the original title is in a foreign language. Would normally be used in conjunction with the language parameter.
 * arxiv:
 * asin:
 * bibcode: The document's bibcode in the Astrophysics Data System, e.g., 1924MNRAS..84..308E
 * doi:A digital object identifier for the document, such as  10.1038/news070508-7 
 * Doilabel: If the doi contains some characters that must be escaped, use "doilabel" for the unescaped version. See doi: "id" is equivalent to "doi" and "label" is "doilabel"
 * doibroken: The date that a digital object identifier link was found to be broken.
 * isbn: International Standard Book Number such as 1-111-22222-9. Note that isbn, like all field names, must be in lowercase. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link. The template is insensitive to formatting so an ISBN number without dashes ("-") may be used (e.g. 1111222229), though ISBNs with correctly formatted dashes are preferred (see Wikipedia:ISBN and ISBN). Please use the 13-digit ISBN where possible; this can normally be found beneath the barcode as a number beginning 978 or 979. For books with the older SBN system (9 digits), use this field but prefix the number with a zero; thus ISBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as 0-902888-45-5.  More information about this feature and its advantages is available at Wikipedia:ISBN.
 * issn: The publication's International Standard Serial Number such as 1111-2220. The eight-figure ISSN may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen; but not an N-dash or a space.
 * jfm:
 * jstor: Makes a link to a JSTOR article or journal determined by a given parameter. The main purpose is to use as part of an  option in a cite journal reference.
 * lccn:
 * mr:
 * oclc: Online Computer Library Center ID number, such as 3185581. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link.
 * ol:
 * osti:
 * pmc: The document's PubMed Central article number (PMCID) for full-text free repository of an article, such as 246835
 * embargo: The date that an article will be freely accessible at PubMed central. After this date, the title will automatically link to the free full text at PubMed Central (and the parameter will be removed by a bot).
 * pmid: The document's PubMed Unique Identifier, such as 15128012
 * rfc:
 * ssrn:
 * zbl:
 * id: A unique identifier, used if none of the above are applicable. In this case, you need to specify the kind of identifier you are using, preferably with a template like ASIN or ISSN.  (Use one of the more specialized parameters if possible; they are linked automatically.  In other words, don't use ISBN 1-111-22222-9 anymore; use 1-111-22222-9. If the book has a SBN but not an ISBN, see isbn.)
 * archive parameters (if used, both parameters must be used together)
 * archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of the page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite and Archive.org.
 * archivedate: Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked.
 * deadurl: Should be set to "yes"/"no" to indicate if the original link is dead or live. Setting no will change the main link to the original url.
 * accessdate: Full date when item was accessed. Should not be wikilinked. This should be given if the publication date is unknown; see Citation styles.
 * quote: Relevant quote from online item.
 * ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value ID generates an anchor with the given ; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value harv generates an anchor suitable for the harv template; see anchors for Harvard referencing templates.
 * separator: The separator to use in lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to ".", but "," may be useful also. If the field is present, but blank, no separator will be used.
 * postscript: The closing punctuation for the citation. If specified, over-rides the default behaviour of terminating the citation with a full stop. If the field is present, but blank, no terminating punctuation will be used. This may be useful when generating an output consistent with other templates. It is preferred to manually adding ending punctuation, as the punctuation occurs within the &lt;cite&gt; tag, so will appear before any icons added by browser plugins. Ignored if quote is specified.

Duplicate periods
By default, cite web separates some fields with periods, so do not encode those fields ending with a period or a duplicate period will be added. Example: "publisher=Camelot, Inc" will correctly show as  but "publisher=Camelot, Inc." will incorrectly show as

Examples
→
 * Some standard use cases

→

→

→

→



→
 * Using format

→
 * Foreign language and translated title

→
 * Authorlink

→
 * Coauthors

→
 * No author

This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author. →
 * No author, no publisher

→

→

→
 * Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" for webpages that have been archived

→

→
 * Using "quote"

TemplateData
{	"description": "Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.", "params": { "url": { "label": "URL", "description": "The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "URL" ],			"required": true },		"title": { "label": "Source title", "description": "The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added", "type": "string", "required": true },		"date": { "label": "Source date", "description": "Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use accessdate instead; do not wikilink", "type": "string", "suggested": true },		"accessdate": { "label": "URL access date", "description": "The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink", "type": "string", "suggested": true },		"website": { "label": "Website title", "description": "Title of the website; may be wikilinked; will display in italics", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "work" ],			"suggested": true },		"publisher": { "label": "Publisher", "description": "Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked", "type": "string", "suggested": true },		"last": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "aliases": [ "last1", "  author", "  author1", "  authors" ],			"suggested": true },		"first": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "aliases": [ "first1" ],			"suggested": true },		"authorlink": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink1", "  author-link", "  author1-link" ]		},		"last2": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.", "aliases": [ "author2" ]		},		"first2": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink2": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author2-link" ]		},		"others": { "label": "Others", "description": "Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'", "type": "string" },		"month": { "label": "Month of publication", "description": "Name of the month of publication; do not wikilink; use 'date' instead, if day of month is also known", "type": "string" },		"year": { "label": "Year of publication", "description": "Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known", "type": "string" },		"origyear": { "label": "Original year", "description": "Original year of publication; provide specifics", "type": "string" },		"editor-last": { "label": "Editor last name", "description": "The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors.", "aliases": [ "editor1-last", "  editor", "  editors" ]		},		"editor-first": { "label": "Editor first name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'", "aliases": [ "editor1-first" ]		},		"editor-link": { "label": "Editor link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors", "aliases": [ "editor1-link" ],			"type": "wiki-page-name" },		"series": { "label": "Series identifier", "description": "Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal", "type": "string" },		"location": { "label": "Location of publication", "description": "Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'", "type": "string" },		"publication-place": { "label": "Place of publication", "description": "Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'", "type": "string" },		"publication-date": { "label": "Publication date", "description": "Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink", "type": "string" },		"page": { "label": "Page", "description": "Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'", "type": "string" },		"pages": { "label": "Pages", "description": "Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'",			"type": "string"		},		"nopp": {			"label": "No pp",			"description": "Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')",			"type": "string"		},		"at": {			"label": "At",			"description": "May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient",			"type": "string"		},		"language": {			"label": "Language",			"description": "The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates",			"type": "string"		},		"script-title": {			"label": "Script title",			"description": "For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Hebrew, Japanese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...",			"type": "string"		},		"trans-title": {			"label": "Translated title",			"description": "An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended",			"type": "string"		},		"type": {			"label": "Type",			"description": "Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case",			"type": "string"		},		"format": {			"label": "Format",			"description": "Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML",			"type": "string"		},		"arxiv": {			"label": "arXiv identifier",			"description": "An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers",			"type": "string"		},		"asin": {			"label": "AZIN",			"description": "Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters",			"type": "string"		},		"asin-tld": {			"label": "AZIN TLD",			"description": "ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US", "type": "string" },		"bibcode": { "label": "Bibcode", "description": "Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters", "type": "string" },		"doi": { "label": "DOI", "description": "Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'", "type": "string" },		"doi-broken-date": { "label": "DOI broken date", "description": "The date that the DOI was determined to be broken", "type": "string" },		"isbn": { "label": "ISBN", "description": "International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible", "type": "string" },		"issn": { "label": "ISSN", "description": "International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen", "type": "string" },		"jfm": { "label": "jfm code", "description": "Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code", "type": "string" },		"jstor": { "label": "JSTOR", "description": "JSTOR identifier", "type": "string" },		"lccn": { "label": "LCCN", "description": "Library of Congress Control Number", "type": "string" },		"mr": { "label": "MR", "description": "Mathematical Reviews identifier", "type": "string" },		"oclc": { "label": "OCLC", "description": "Online Computer Library Center number", "type": "string" },		"ol": { "label": "OL", "description": "Open Library identifier", "type": "string" },		"osti": { "label": "OSTI", "description": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier", "type": "string" },		"pmc": { "label": "PMC", "description": "PubMed Center article number", "type": "string" },		"pmid": { "label": "PMID", "description": "PubMed Unique Identifier", "type": "string" },		"rfc": { "label": "RFC", "description": "Request for Comments number", "type": "string" },		"ssrn": { "label": "SSRN", "description": "Social Science Research Network", "type": "string" },		"zbl": { "label": "Zbl", "description": "Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier", "type": "string" },		"id": { "label": "id", "description": "A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable", "type": "string" },		"archiveurl": { "label": "Archive URL", "aliases": [ "archive-url" ],			"description": "The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'", "type": "string" },		"archivedate": { "label": "Archive date", "aliases": [ "archive-date" ],			"description": "Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink", "type": "string" },		"deadurl": { "label": "Dead URL", "description": "If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live", "type": "string" },		"quote": { "label": "Quote", "description": "Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation", "type": "string" },		"ref": { "label": "Ref", "description": "An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template", "type": "string" },		"separator": { "label": "Separator", "description": "The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark", "type": "string", "default": "." },		"postscript": { "label": "Postscript", "description": "The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined", "type": "string", "default": "." },		"layurl": { "label": "Lay URL", "description": "URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'", "type": "string" },		"laysource": { "label": "Lay source", "description": "Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash", "type": "string" },		"laydate": { "label": "Lay date", "description": "Date of the summary; displays in parentheses", "type": "string" },		"author-mask": { "label": "Author mask", "description": "Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead", "type": "string" },		"last3": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.", "aliases": [ "author3" ]		},		"first3": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink3": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author3-link" ]		},		"last4": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.", "aliases": [ "author4" ]		},		"first4": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink4": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author4-link" ]		},		"last5": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.", "aliases": [ "author5" ]		},		"first5": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink5": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author5-link" ]		},		"last6": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.", "aliases": [ "author6" ]		},		"first6": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.", "aliases": [ "author6-link" ]		},		"authorlink6": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"last7": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.", "aliases": [ "author7" ]		},		"first7": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink7": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author7-link" ]		},		"last8": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.", "aliases": [ "author8" ]		},		"first8": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink8": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author8-link" ]		},		"last9": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.", "aliases": [ "author9" ]		},		"first9": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink." },		"authorlink9": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author9-link" ]		},		"author-name-separator": { "label": "Author name separator", "description": "Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark", "type": "string", "default": ", " },		"author-separator": { "label": "Author separator", "description": "Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark", "type": "string", "default": "; " },		"display-authors": { "label": "Display authors", "description": "Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed.", "type": "number", "default": "8", "aliases": [ "displayauthors" ]		},		"lastauthoramp": { "label": "Last author ampersand", "description": "When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'", "type": "string" },		"subscription": { "label": "Subscription required", "description": "When set to yes, displays “(subscription required)” to indicate an online source that requires subscription", "type": "string" },		"registration": { "label": "Registration required", "description": "When set to yes, displays “(registration required)” to indicate an online source that requires registration", "type": "string" },		"edition": { "label": "Edition", "type": "string", "description": "Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.'" }	} }