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 176 PRODUCTS AND MANUFACTURES

opened by Lord Minto in the autumn of 1906, Long rows of accurately measured plots of ground, one-sixteenth of an acre each, are planted with the different varieties, and their yield care- fully measured. As one passes up the line he sees at a glance the relative qualities of each variety of wheat or maize or rice, and if the farm is carefully worked for a series of years it ought to give some valuable results. Already the culti- vators have been attracted by the enormous size of some maize from Canada grown on the farm. Some very straight Russian flax recommended by the Dundee Chamber of Commerce seems to promise good results. And perhaps beetroot for sugar may also have a success, for almost any vegetable product that grows in a temperate climate will grow in Kashmir.

The crops reaped in the spring in Kashmir are wheat, barley, rape, flax, pea, and bean, Those reaped in the autumn are rice, maize, cotton, saffron, millet, tobacco, hop, amaranth, buckwheat, pulse, sesame.

and every year is renewed by rich silt from the mountain streams. The soil of the higher parts is
 * The alluvial soil of the valley is of great fertility,