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Rh fortune threw her upon her own resources. She spent several years in Europe, and after her return to the United States she settled in Washington, D. C, where she secured a position in one of the governmental departments. She has shown her versatility in inventing two mechanical contrivances for locking windows, both of which have been patented. Mrs. Hughes is in religion a Roman Catholic, and her three books. "Little Pearls" (New York, 1876), "The Mysterious Castle" (Baltimore. 1878). and "The Fair Maid of Connaught" (New York. 1889), are religious in character. Cardinal Gibbons has pronounced a favorable opinion of her works, which are written for younger readers. Mrs. Hughes leads a comparatively secluded life. Her clerical work and her literary occupations employ her time fully. About three years ago she discovered the art of extracting the essential oil of frankincense as used by the ancients. This she has introduced into an ointment for skin diseases, which has been used in many hospitals.

HUGHES, Mrs. Marietta E., physician, was born in southern Michigan. She was educated in an academical school in Three Rivers, Mich., and the State Normal School in Ypsilanti. She taught successfully in the high school in Three Rivers for several years. The consideration of the injustice of the discrimination between male and female teachers in the matter of salary gave to the medical profession one of its most successful practitioners. After pursuing a thorough preparatory course with a preceptor, she took the regular course in the medical department of the University of Michigan in 1874 and 1875. She afterward entered the Hahnemann Medical College in Chicago, Ill.,

and was graduated with high honors in that institution in the centennial class. A prize was awarded her for passing the best examination in gynecology. After her graduation, she at once took up active practice in her native State. Soon after graduating she became the wife of a classmate, Dr. C. A. Hughes. Leaving Detroit, Mich., in 1889, Dr. Hughes went to Spokane, Wash., since which time she and her husband, with whom she is associated in business, have been steadily establishing themselves in the confidence of the people. Their field of practice has so widened that at times it is impossible for them to supply the demand for their services. She is the mother of two sons. While she earns thousands a year by honest industry and brings health to hundreds, she gives far more time to her home, husband and children than do many society women.

HUGHES, Mrs. Nina Vera B., author, was born in Paris, Canada. She was reared and educated

in the United States, living in New York State and in Boston principally. Her maternal grandfather was for twelve years a member of Parliament in Canada. Her paternal grandfather was a Methodist clergyman. Mrs. Hughes early showed literary tastes and talents, which she inherited from her long line of literary and professional ancestors. She has been a lifelong student and has written verse from childhood. Her present work is entirely professional and instructive along the lines of ethical and metaphysical culture. Among her best-known works are "Twelve Simple Lessons in Metaphysics," "Practical Home Thoughts," "Truth for Youth." "Office, In and Out." "Lecture-Room Talks." and "Guide to Health." Her home is now in Washington, D. C.

HULING, Miss Caroline Augusta, journalist, philanthropist and reformer, born in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., in April, 1856. Her father, Edmund J. Huling, was a native of that county, and was an editor and publisher in the famous watering-place for a half-century. He was very public-spirited and liberal in his views, and his daughter owes much to the sympathy and encouragement of both parents.