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396 studied both allopathy and homeopathy, but is a homeopathic practitioner, and has built up a tine practice. She is very charitable.

HOWARD, Miss Mary M., musician and musical educator, born in Batavia, N. Y. She received her musical education in New York, with S. B. Mills and William H. Sherwood for piano teachers and Frederick Archer and S. P. Warren as organ teachers. She began her career as church organist at fifteen years of age, and she has never been abroad. She is exclusively an American product. She taught three years in the New York State Institute for the Blind, in Batavia, and for two years was at the head of the musical department of Howard College. Fayette, Mo. For one year she held the position of director of the Batavia Philharmonic Club, an organization numbering eighty members. In 1887 she went to Buffalo, N. Y., and took the position of organist in the First Presbyterian Church, which she has retained ever since. She is the only woman who has ever held the place of organist in that church. In 1888 she opened in Buffalo a school of music, which has been the first institution of that kind to succeed in that city.

'''HOWE. Mrs. Emeline Harriet''', poet, born in West Hickory, Forest county, Pa., 2nd January,

1844. Her maiden name was Siggins, of Scotch-Irish extraction. Her grandparents were people of the best type and were among the pioneer settlers in that part of the country. Her father's farm had been the favorite camping-ground of the Indians in early times. Her father was a lover of poets, and often, on his return from rafting lumber to Pittsburgh, brought to his forest home the choicest literature of ancient and modern times. Surrounded by the beautiful in nature, the companionship of her loved books and constant association with her father had a refining effect on the youthful mind of Miss Siggins. She grew up with a love of the grand and beautiful in nature, art and literature, inspiring her at an early age to write verses for publication. In the twenty-third year of her life she became the wife of Capt W. C. Howe, who served his country gallantly in the Civil War. Their home is in the city of Franklin, Pa. Mrs. Howe is the mother of five sons, and her home is the domain of her power. Writing poems has been only an incident in her active life, although her published ones would make a volume. She is a graduate of the first class of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, and her poem "From Height to Height." written on the motto of her class, was read at Chautauqua. She is a woman of studious habits, ex- tensive knowledge and of refined tastes, an earnest worker in the ranks of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and active in missionary' society work.

HOWE, Mrs. Julia Ward, poet, author and philanthropist, born in New York City, 27th May, 1819. Her parents were Samuel Ward and Julia Cutler Ward. Her ancestors included the Huguenot Marions, of South Carolina, Governor Samuel Ward, of Rhode Island, and Roger Williams, the apostle of religious tolerance. Her mother died in 1824. Her father, a successful banker, gave her every advantage of education. She was instructed at home by able teachers; her education including music, German, Greek and French. She became the wife of Dr. Samuel G. Howe in 1843. They went abroad and remained avear, and her first child was born in Rome, Italy. Her father died in 1829, and Mrs. Howe became a Unitarian in religion after rallying from the sorrow caused by his death. In youth she had shown her literary trend. At seventeen she published a review of Lamartine's "Jocelyn," an essay on the minor poems of Goethe and Schiller, and a number of original poems. Her marriage interrupted her literary work for a time. In 1850 she went to Europe, and passed the winter in Rome with her two youngest children. In the fall of 1851 she returned to Boston. In 1852 and 1853 she published her first volume of poems, "Passion Flowers," which attracted much attention. In 1851 she published her "Words for the Hour" and a blank- verse drama, which was produced in Wallack's Theater, in New York City, and later in Boston. Her interest in the anti-slavery question dated from 1851. Her third volume, " Later Lyrics, " included her "Battle Hymn of the Republic," which was written in Washington, D. C, in the fall of 1861. Her book, "A Trip to Cuba, " written after her visit to Cuba in 1857, is a prohibited volume on that island. Her prominence during the Civil War was due to her celebrated patriotic songs. Her "John Brown " song was the most popular. It at once became known throughout the country and was sung everywhere. In 1867, with her husband, Mrs. Howe visited Greece, where they won the gratitude of the Greeks for their aid in their struggle for national independence. Her book, "From the Oak to the Olive," was written after her visit to Greece. She has been a profound student of philosophy, and has written numerous essays on philosophical themes. In 1868 she joined the woman suffrage movement. In 1869, before a legislative committee in Boston, she made her first suffrage speech. She has been officially connected from the beginning with the New England, the American and other woman suffrage organizations. Her husband died in 1876, and since that year she has preached, lectured, written and traveled much in all parts of the United States. Her lectures included "Is Polite Society Polite?" "Greece Revisited," and "Reminiscences of Longfellow and