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176 Stuart Club, Boston, Mass.; mem. House Com. of the Business Woman's Club, Boston, Mass. Interested in the housing question for students and professional women and is on various committees. Congregationalist.

CHILD, Mary Lucy, Thetford, Vt.

Born Thetford, Vt., Jan. 27, 1866; dau. William Heaton and Sarah Jane (Howard) Child; grad. from Varnurn Grammar School, Lowell, Mass., '81: high school, Lowell, Mass., '85; Wellesley Coll., B.A. '89. Congregationalist. Favors woman suffrage. Republican. Owns farm property; engaged in special line of research work.

CHILDS, Caroline Goldsmith (Mrs. John Lewis Childs), Floral Park, L.I., N.Y.

Born Washingtonville, N.Y., May 2, 1867; dau. Runze A. and Juia (Norris) Goldsmith; ed. Cortland (N.Y.) Normal School; m. Washingtonville, N.Y., April 15, 1886, John Lewis Childs; children: Vernon E., Norma D., Jay Lionel, Carlton Hathaway. Mem. and several years on House Com. of Nassau Hosp. Ass'n. Much interested in educating and instructing young musicians. Speaker on club subjects, especially musical interests and activities. Mem. Equal Franchise Soc. Methodist. Mem. Theosophical Soc., Brooklyn Inst, of Arts and Sciences (on music com.). Recreations: Traveling, automobiling. Mem. Sorosis (chairman exec, com.), N.Y. Browning Soc, D.A.R., Floral Park Woman's Club, Sorosis Carol Club (champion of philanthropy), Pioneers of the Gen. Federation of Women's Clubs. Founder and former pres. Floral Park Woman's Club (ten years); ex-pres. Hempstead Woman's Club, chairman of Philanthropy Sorosis Carol Club, former chairman Program Com. for N.Y. State Federation, also Gen. Fed. Sec. for N.Y. State Federation.

CHILDS, Eleanor Stuart (Mrs. Harris Robbins Childs), 149 East 78th St., N.Y. City.

Writer; b. East Orange, N.J., June 2, 1876; dau. Edward and Isabel Liddon (Coxe) Patterson; ed. Miss Irwin's School, Philadelphia, and previously by governess; m. N.Y. City, Dec. 15, 1903, Harris Robbins Childs; one son: Edward Patterson, b. in Zanzibar, East Africa, Oct. 12, 1904. Writer for magazines at 16. Pres. of first auxiliary of the N.Y. Symphony Orchestra; has sung much in churches and concerts; was offered position in Vienna opera, but declined in view of parental opinion. Favors woman suffrage. Novels: Stompastures; Averages; The Postscript; best known for short stories; Charm He Never So Wisely (Scribner); The Lieutenant's Messenger; Three Blind Mice; Bibi Steinfeld's Hunting (which the German Emperor praised publicly and which is translated into French and Italian). Episcopalian. Recreations: Riding, music, Oriental travel. Clubs: Women's Cosmopolitan, European. Lived three years in British East Africa. Married the great topographical authority on Africa, H. R. Childs (exporter and importer, head of firm of Childs, Parr & Joseph). Speaks Arabic, Hindostan and Swahili, French, German and English. Speaks Swahili and writes it better than any European woman on the coast.

CHILDS, Mary Fairfax (Mrs. William Ward Childs), Hotel St. George, Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born Lexington, Ky.; dau. Edward Fairfax Berkley, D.D., and Sarah (Maury) Berkley (of Virginia); ed. Bonham's Sem., St. Louis, Mo.; m. St. Louis, April 21, 1870, William Ward Childs (great-greatgrandson of Betty Washington, sister of Gen. George Washington); children: Mary Berkley, James, Sally Maury, Farley Carter. Author: De Namin' ob de Twins, and Other Sketches from the Cotton Land; The Boys Who Wore the Grey; The Little Nazarene, etc. Episcopalian. Mem. and historian Mary Mildred Sullivan Chapter United Daughters of the Confederacy, N.Y. City; historian of Soc. of Ky. Women of N.Y.; poet of Stonewall Jackson Chapter, Children of the Confederacy; mem. N.Y. Auxiliary of the Southern Industrial Educational Ass'n (headquarters in Washington, D.C.). Mem. Minerva Club, N.Y. City.

CHIPMAN, Edna Earle Manners (Mrs. James Henry Chipman), Georgetown, Del.

Born Westville, N.J., Nov. 29, 1878; dau. Jacob Hartwell and Madeline (Calhoun) Manners; parents removed in her childhood first to Springfield, Mo., and later to Rome, Ga., where most of her girlhood life was spent; ed. Shorter Coll., Rome, Ga.; m. Georgetown, Del., Feb. 5, 1902, James Henry Chipman, M.D.; children: James Manners, b. Nov. 13, 1902; Virginia Bess, b. Sept. 24, 1904. Pres. Georgetown Parent-Teacher Ass'n (branch of Mothers' Congress); pres. Georgetown New Century Club; one of executive members Del. State Federation of Women's Clubs. Episcopalian (though brought up a Baptist); ass't sec. Church Guild; mem. St. Paul's Auxiliary. Recreation: Automobiling, and, in season, life at summer home at Oak Orchard on the Indian River, Delaware.

CHIRURG, Martha Mabelle Ames (Mrs. Michael Chirurg), Newton Center, Mass.

Born in Illinois, April 10, 1878; dau. Daniel and Abbie (Scates) Ames; ed. Wellesley Coll., A.B. 1900; Radcliffe Coll., A.M. '02; m. Oct. 16, 1905, Dr. Michael Chirurg (physician); one son: James Thomas. Life mem. Collegiate Alumnae Ass'n; mem. Wellesley Coll. Alumnae Ass'n, Radcliffe Coll. Alumnae Ass'n. Favors woman suffrage; mem. College Equal Suffrage League of Mass. Unitarian. Mem. Bostoner Deutsche Gesellschaft. Recreations: Literature, opera, drama. Mem. Newton Club.

CHITTENDEN, Ida Lunette, Lansing, Mich.

Violet grower; b. Yorkshire, N.Y.; dau. William F. and Mary Jane (Wheeler) Chittenden; ed. TenBroeck Free Acad., Frankville, N.Y.; Geneseo (N.Y.) State Normal School. Active in Y.W.C.A., Women's Civic League and the Michigan Grange. Favors woman suffrage; manager of campaign for equal suffrage by Michigan State Grange during summer and fall of 1912. Occasional contributor to press. Congregationalist. Mem. Y.W.C.A., Grange Civic League, Suffrage Ass'n. Mem. E.M.B. Club, Lansing, Mich. Engaged as violet grower since 1897.

CHIVVIS, Mrs. W. R., 4232 W. Pine Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo.

Born Brooklyn, N.Y.; dau. Andrew J. and Mary (Condon) Chaphe; ed. St. Louis public schools, St. Louis High School (valedictorian); m. Oct. 26, 1886, William R. Chivvis; children: Leland, b. 1887; Norman, b. 1891; Ruth, b. 1894. Pres. Mo. Congregational Board of Foreign Missions; vice-pres. Mo. Federation of Women's Clubs; vice-pres. of Mo. Consumers' League. Recently appointed member of the com. on membership of the Gen. Federation of Women's Clubs; director in St. Louis Anti-Tuberculosis Soc. Favors woman suffrage. Congregationalist. Advisory member of Mo. Congregational Conference. Recreations: Reading, writing, travel.

CHOATE, Augusta, Miss Baldwin's School, Bryn Mawr, Pa.

Teacher; b. Cochran, Ga.; ed. in schools of Atlanta, Ga., and Vassar Coll., A.B. (Phi Beta Kappa), '99, A.M. 1900. Teacher, Atlanta, Ga., 1893-96; Mt. Hope School, Fall River, Mass., 1900-01; high school, Washington, D.C., 1902; the Baldwin School, Bryn Mawr, Pa., since 1902. Author (with Gertrude Hartman): Exercises for Parsing and Analysis.

CHOATE, Miriam Foster, 18 Pierrepont St., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Teacher, grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '99; student in political science, Columbia Univ., 1900-02, M.A. '02. Teacher of history in Greenwich (Conn.) Acad., 1903-09; Brooklyn Heights Sem. since 1909.

CHRISTENSON, Nellie Grant (Mrs. C. R. Christenson), 1660 W. Minnehaha Av., St. Paul, Minn.

Born Centerville, Iowa, April 8, 1874; dau. Prof. H.L. and Hattie (Reynolds) Grant; grad. Peoria (Ill.) High School, '92; Univ. of Minnesota, B.S. '97, cum laude; m. June 30, 1897, Dr. C. R. Christenson; children: Franklin Grant, Grant Reynolds, Helen Louise. Has taught science and mathematics in Minn. Coll.,