Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 4, 1802).djvu/92

72&#93; 7^] SIM into flour and bread. — Gleditsch recommends ihe whole herb in the process of tanning calf-leather.— According toDr, Withering, the leavesare mildly astringent : hence, when dried and reduced to powder, they have been used with success, in agues. The Uiual dose is a raent-spoonfiil every three hours, to be given between the paroxysms. -—In the winter season, the roots of the "Wild Tansey possess the fla- vour of parsnep. — The plant is eaten by cows, horses, goats and hogs, but refu5,ed by sheep. SIMAROUBA, or Quassia Si- marnula, L. an exotic tree growing in' Guiana, and also in Jamaica, where it attains a considerable height and thickness. — Its bark is used in medicine, and is imported in long pieces of a yellowish co- lour, and a strong bitter taste. Be- ing mildly astringent, it has been advantageously prescribed in doses of half a dram, in the form of a decoction, to be repeated every third or fourth hour, in bloody and other alvine fluxes, and towards the termination of putrid fevers j when it restores the tone of the intes- tines ; allays their spasmodic irri- tation ; promotes the secretions by j>crspiration and urine ; while it disposes the patient to refreshing tiecp. It should, however, be re- marked, that such medicine would be highly improper, where an in- flammatory disposition prevails, or a suppuration in the bowels is ap- prehended : nor ciin it be taken with safety, when the alimemary canal is obstrudted. — In a state of powder, the Simarouba may be taken in doses from 10 to 20 grains, every tlirec or four hours. SiMPLEs's Joy : See Vebvain, tke ComJiion. SIN SiMsojJ : See Groijndsel, the Common. SINAPISM, signifies an exter- nal application, in the form of a soft plaster, or poultice, for the same purposes as a Blister, to which we refer. The most usual sinapism is com- pose 1 of equal parts of mustard- flower and crumbs of bread, mixed ■with such a proix)rtion of vinegar as will render it of a proper con- sistence to be spre-ad on linen, or cotton. In diis state, the prepara- tion is to be applied to the skin, till the latter become red and painful. The time required for producing such efleft, is very unequal. In irritable persons, it will sometimes operate within 15 minutes ; while, in others, it may continue on the part to be stimulated for 6 or 8 hours, without occasioning con- siderable uneasiness. If, however, the cataplasm be sufi^ered to rtfi main in its place, for some time after the commencement of the pain, it will draw a blister, which muat be treated in a manner simi- lar to that occasioned by the Spa- nish-pLY, (See vol. ii. p. 31t>.) But, if it be intended to operate by a gradual discharge of matter, or Serum, (see Blood) the red or sore part may be kept in a moist state, by the repeated application of cabbage-leaves ; and, according to circumstances, the sinapism may be renewed on the same spot. The si%e of such blistering plas- ters depends on that of the indivi- dual, and the nature of the aflec- tiou : thus, in children, they need not be larger than one, or at the farthest, two inches in diameter; but, in adults, they may occasion* ally be spread to the extent of from three to six inches and up- wards,