Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 4, 1802).djvu/270

242] It consists of a circular cage or crib, which may be made of willow, osiers, or similar pliant brush-wood. The whole is ten feet in circumference, being closely wattled to the height of one foot, above which it is left open for the space of about 18 inches; when it is again wattled to the height of 8 or 9 inches; an opening, 18 inches broad, being left at the top, for the purpose of putting in turnips, or other provender. The staves, forming the skeleton of the machine above reprpsented, are 10 inches apart, so that 12 sheep may feed at one time in each tumbrel.

Considerable advantages are derived from this method of feeding sheep; as it greatly reduces the expence of provender, which is thus prevented from being soiled with dung, or trodden under foot. In such a state of separation, the stronger animals cannot drive away the weaker sheep; each being secured by the head, while they are eating. Farther, the construction of the tumbrel being attended with no difficulties, it may be readily procured, and be daily conveyed to any part of a farm: if proper care be taken, this utensil may be preserved in constant use, for eight or ten years.  TUMOR, or, in animal economy, denotes an enlargement or preternatural tumefaction of any part of the body; and is either of an indolent nature, such as , and ; or inflammatory, as occurs in the female breast, in chilblains, and various other local affections.—With respect to the latter, we refer to the article ; and, as most of the former are distinguished, either by the cause from which they arise, or by other circumstances, whence they have received particular denominations, we shall in this place only give a few directions, relative to the treatment of indolent tumors in general.

When swellings of this nature gradually appear on any part of the human body, and are not attended with either pain or inflammation, the mode ot discussing them entirely depends on their situation. Thus, when the glands are swoln, cold astringent fomentations, or saponaceous and mercurial plasters, conjoined with cold-bathing, especially in sea-water, will generally be attended with good effects. If the tumor be situated on muscular or fleshy parts, warm fomentations have often been found of service; on bony or tendinous parts, gentle friction, and afterwards moderate compression, are in most cases sufficient to remove the obstruction.  TUNBRIDGE-WATER, a chalybeate mineral fluid, obtained from numerous springs that rise at Tunbridge, in the county of Kent. When first drawn from the well, it is transparent, being divested of all colour; not emiting any peculiar odour; and tasting slightly of iron. If exposed for several hours to the air, this water evolves numerous small bubbles, that adhere to the sides of the vessel; becomes turbid; and, in the course of 24 hours, its properties are totally dissipated. Hence Dr. recommends five drops of the aromatic acid of vitriol, to be added to each bottle containing the water; as, by this expedient, its chalybeate ingredients may be preserved for two or three months, when carried to distant places.

The Tunbridge-water is asserted to be of eminent service in irregular digestion; flatulency; in