Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 4, 1802).djvu/26

6&#93; 6] rye;. is also harrowed in among a thin crop of turnips, and boili 'iife JcA o/?-'with sheep. Formerly, consl'' itities of rye-meal were i into bread ) soraelimes beu; alone, and occasionally a.; 11 portion of wheaten liowpr. It is, however, seldom used at present in this country, on account of its being subjedl (especially during hot summers that succeed a wet spring) to a disease, known in France under the name of ergo* ; but which is called in England, horned rye, spur, or horn-seed. The grain thus affedcd grows out into large horns, containing a mixture of black and white farinaceous powder ; and is said to appear as if it were pierced by inserts, which are conieftured to cause the dis- ease. JBy the use of such damaged grain, the poorer classes of people, both in France and England, have otten been afBifted with fatal dis- orders, accompanied with extreme debility and gangrene, or mortifica- tion of the extremities. Horned rye is equally fatal to brutes ; sheep, dogs, swine, deer ; nay, geese, ducks, and other p>oultr)', that were fed with it, by way of experiment, became violently convulsed, and died in great agonies. So delete- rious, indeed, are its effects, that it has even destroyed the dies which settled upon it. i But tiiough rye, when diseased, be thus prejudicial to men and ani- ^^ mnl«. yt' in a snnnd stntr it .13 an e nrfa Tr '■■.■' .. ■■.-. ■■ . -^.-,-, nn<5 somewhat ^ later with horses ana cows J or, it may be mowri ah^ given to the latter in the !rtables.i^ The straw of this grain is excel- lent for thatchingi and is also nsed by brick-makers, collar-manufat-' tiirers, and foi- packing. Farther, we are informed by Mr. MAk- SHALL, that in the county of York the farmers always sow a smnlif quantity of rye with their wheat, which they believe is thus pre- served from the injurious disease, known under the name of Milden'. Lastly, every kind of poultry have such an antipathy to this grain,' that they avoid the place where it vegetates : hence it has been ad-- vantageously sown in head-ridges, around farm-houses, and yards, as a kind of protetion to other grain. ' - ' ■ With respeA to its physical pro- perties, we shall only remark, that pure and sound rye, though less nutritive than wheat in a similar condition, affords good bread ,. which, to persons of a sedentary life, is attended with the beneficial effect of preventing costiveness, or obstipation of the bowels. Rye, the Wild. See Barley, the Wall. Rye-ghas3. See Darnel, the Red. s. ► SADDLE, a kind of stuft'ed seat, fastened totfae back of a horse, Ua the convenience of the rider. Saddles are divided''ihto varinm kinds, according to" the *puvp.<ai s for' whidv they Predesigned; such