Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 3, 1802).djvu/344

322&#93; 322] O VE more crmiinutive scale : these are usually formed ofcast or hammered iron, atid may be heated by the same fire which serves for the cookuig of other provisions. Among the ovens of this con- . strudion, that of Mr. Powers, who obtained for it a patent in ISOl, deserves to be noticed. It is formed of iron, so as to be port- , able, and may be conveniently conveyed -to any distance, at the . option of its possessor ; but, as the reader cannot form a distind idea of this contrivance, without the aid of an engraving, we refer him to the 14th vol. of the Reper- tory of Arts, &c. where the patent is described, and illustrated with a plate. In the year 1800, the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, &c, conferred a bounty of 15 guineas on Mr. S. Holmes, for his inven- tion of an oven, which is heated without flues. The wliole consists of a cast-iron oven, from the side of which a solid piece of that metal projeds into the fire, where it con- stantly remains ; and, on becoming red-hot, communicates to the whole oven a degree of heat sufficient for baking bread, while it at the same time assists thefireinroastingmeat. In the common iron ovens, the heat is communicated by means of flues, which waste a consider- able part of the fire in its pas- sage, and likewise require much labour to keep them of an uniform heat. The contrivance last alluded to, is intended to supply this and other inconveniences : and Mr., Hoi-MES states, that his oven uni- ■formly remains at a baking heat, " without any additional expence, or trouble. We understand, however, that such improvement is b}-^ no O VE means neiv j and that a similar method of saving fuel, has for se- veral years been pradised in the West of England. 0T.R-REACH, in farriery, sig- nifies a wound upon the coronet, towards the back part of the foot, or heel of a horse : it is occasioned solely by striking the sinew of the fore- heel with the toe of the hind- shoe on the same side ; in conse- quence of which the animal halts, or walks lame. — See Halting. Young horses are very apt to cut their heels when travelling j as their hind-foot moves in the same diredion with the fore-foot ; and as they are generally too spirited in their first excursions. Although an over-reach is a wound of the complicated kind, yet it is not attended with danger, pro- vided projier applications be made, to induce a suppuration. For th p purpose, (he most efficacious exter- nal application will be a proper poultice : — take oatmeal, or coarse wheaten flour ; digestive ointment (prepared of equal parts of common turpentine and hog's-lard), two ounces ; beer-grounds a sufficient quantity. This maybe repeated at least twice in -twenty-four hours, till the wound be well digested, smooth, and free from cavities, or excrescences of proud flesh. Next, the surface of the bruised part should be sprinkled over with the following" mild escharotic powder ; — Take of burnt lime-stone slaked in the open air, three ounces ; and Armenian bole, one ounce : tritu- rate these ingredients in a morta'r, and pass them through a fine sieve. — After sprinlding the wound with this powder, a pledget of dry lint may be laid gently over it ; and, when the surface of the contusion is