Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 2, 1802).djvu/359

327&#93; FOS i i ea- as the patent is not ■ lanufaSlu Th is that of i DuxDuxALD, for obtaining mill - ral or from neutral opose I of alk dies and a i acid ; or from i.utions < I d or fprmed,, that may b. and applied to various useful pair For I his 1 i patent in J fQ5. 1. The most important of the new processes, is that of making Gla;.' ., or sulphat of soda, which is one of those neutral salts, consisting of an alkali ::nd an acid, from which an alkaline salt is to be procured. Tims, several ■ ai deles, such as spirit pf, and an mix* aient, are formed, or disengaged, and may- be collected : 2. Glauber's salt is decomposed, forming mineral alkali, or soda, either in a mild or caustic state : 3. VitriolateB tartar is prepared by decomposing the muriat of pot-ash ; and 4. This preparation is converted into either a vegetable alkaline hepar, or mild or caustic vegetable alkali. The salts and other substances result- ing from these chemical operations, may be applied to various pur- poses, particularly for decomposing soda from Glauber's salt. As the principal article f< r which Lord Dusdqnald has established manufactories, appears to be, the Soda now generally sold in the shops, we shall, in the alphabetical FOS [>* its manifold us , , sent with giving a summary of the in- vent':. :d by the noble pa- ly, that sea-salt is decomposed bj alum, by vitriol of Epsom-salt; with the acid of heat, when a due propor- tion of clay, or a clayey iron earth is mixed with the salts submitted to the operation ; — that sea-salt U
 * d by Epsom-salt

with th • aid of heat, and without the intervention of clay ; — lastly, that it may likewise be reduced by sulphat of lime, or gypsum, with the aid of heat, when a due pro- portion of • tabling much iron, is mixed with the sea-salt and gypsum. FOSSIL-COAL, a species of pit-coal found in various parts of In December 1/92, a patent was granted toMr. John Barber, of Attleborpugh, Warwickshire, for a method of smelting and puri- fying fossft-coalj iron-stone, ircn- ore, &c. by steam, air, and fire, and for impregnating the same with inflammable air, by which he produced a tough metal. The patentee directs any portion of iron-stone, or ore, together with a quantity of fossil-coal, to be put into a furnace, into which fire is to be admitted, and steam conveyed from a boiler, by means of pipes, through an aperture made in the h. The.^e pipes are not to project into the furnace, but, only to extend so far as to permit the steam to convey along with it 3 quantity of atmospheric air ; and thus a calx sufficiently pure will be produced. The process of purifi- cation maybe facilitated, by placing a vessel of water at the bottom of the furnace, or budding, for the y 1 recep-
 * laqd. — See Coal.