Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 2, 1802).djvu/238

208&#93; 2c3] DYE galls and boiling the whole fo. hours. The stuff is then washed, and after adding some copperas and logwood to the Hquer, the cloth is again immersed for two hours, at the end of which it is washed, scoured, dried, and pressed. A patent was granted to Mr. James Bayley, of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, dyer, for his invention ©f a machine for dyeing, staining, or printing handkerchiefs, ike. — The patentee employs frames of wood, brass, copper, or o* her me- tals, on the faces of which are small blocks, proje<5ting in such a manner that, when the face of one frame is placed against that of ano- ther frame, the blocks are all exactly opposite, and correspond with each other : thus, an handkerchief, &c. being put between, and the frames fastened together, the dye Avill he communicated to every part of it, excepting those places which come between the blocks, and retain their original colour. These frames are provided with bandies for rais- ing them out of the copper, gee. by means of putties, and may he put together to any number, according to the length of the article to be cived 3 as they are conjoined on both sides with planks, having screws and nuts at each end, for the purpose of keeping themsteady. Another -patent was lately grant- ed to Mr. Samuel Greatkix, of Manchester, for a new invented process of dyeing and staining co- }i airs upon cloth. — The process is shortly this : For dyeing black, Mr. G. takes tar, and iron h- qu<>r, adding to each gailon three quarters of a pc und of tine flour, which he boils to the consistence <-i a paste, and then puts into a tl at forms part of a rolling- pro- s machine, of the common ft YE construction. The goods are pass-* ed through the paste between two rollers, which diffuses it equally and completely over the whole I h ■ e. They are next dried in a hot stove, afierwards soaked in a liquor made of cow-dung and wa- ter, scalding hot in the copper, then washed and rinsed in clean water. Lastly, the goods are dyed in a decoction of sumach, madder, logwooi, or other dyeing drugs, in the usual manner. The patentee also employs other mordants, such as iron liquor, paste, or gum, alum, kc. — The chief improve- ment in this patent, consists in employing, instead of the usual methods, a rolling-press to fix the mordant on the cloth, which ren- ders the process somewhat of & middle kind between dyeing and calico-printing. The art of dyeing, though in its infancy, has !ui<dv been consider- ably improved, in consequence of the numberless discoveries made, chiefly by French chemists. Among other useful fa6ts, the enumeration of which would till a volume, we shall at present only mention one, of the greatest importance to dyers. M. M. Guyton and Van Mons hate found, by repeated experi- ments, that the acid of ivolfraiv, affords one of the most effectual means of precipitating the colour- ing matter of vegetables. The former, in particular, observed that this acid not only rendered the co- lour of si/ks dyed with the juice of aloe more brilliant, but also im- parted to them (according to the different strength of the acid em- ployed), a variety of shades, from the most delicate lilac to the most beautiful, iolet, and from the deepest (.range to the mo.s-t lively red. lint he ingenuously adds, that,