Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 2, 1802).djvu/237

207&#93; i E ditf rem il copper* with half a pound
 * iod of
 * lis, 12U>S. of

aldet bs, d sum u I I portion of k a be added, to boiling : immersing the cloth, stirring turnin ; ii rep is aired, and washed in river-water. The quantities of these ingredients may be increased, or diminished, ac- ting to the depth of the shade required. The last substance employed in dyeing the fawn-colour, is soot, which is not only less solid than
 * he others, but also hardens, and

imparts a very disagreeable smeil to the wool, or stuff, dyed in it : it is therefore seldom, if ever used, unless the other ingredients cannot be easily procured. The iifih, and last, of the primi- tive colours, is black, which in- cludes a great variety of shades. In order to impart a good black to woollen stuffs, they should be first dyed of as deep a blue as possible, which is called the ground, and is to be performed in the manner al- ready directed. — As soon as the cloth is taken out of the vat, it ought to be well washed in river- water, and afterward scoured at the fulling-mill. Next, the dyeing process is performed as follows : For every cwt. of cloth, lOibs. of logwood cut into chips, and an equal quantity of Aleppo gall-nuts pulverized and inclosed in a bag, are to be put into a cauldron of a moderate size, where the whole is boiled for twelve hours in a suffi- cient quantity of water. A third part of this liquor is then to be n : poured Ibl, with 2 lbs. ofv< ■ i loth is to 1- i. mil- rsed lor two hours, being i ; tui d and Btirr- ad, thi !i : : linn- boil- ing v* gently ion iif .that stuff is to be taken nd part (bring another third). ;" the hquor added to the first third, together with 8 lbs. of copperas. The tire be- neath thi ■ is then to be diminished, and the copperas left for half an hour to dissolve ; the liquor being gradually cooling; after which the cloth is to be im- mersed for another hour, repeat- edly turiu fore, then re- moved and The remainder of the liquor is next to be mixed with the rirst two-thirds; and the bag carefully i when fifteen or twenty Is of sumach are to bj added, I her with two pounds of cop- peras. The whole is then made to boil ; and, a small qu iHtity of wa- ter being added to cool, the stuff is again immersed tor two hours j at the end of which time it is to be taken ouc, cooled, and steeped in the dye for an hour longer, being frequently turned. The cloth is then to be carried to the fulling- mill, and well scoured, til the water runs from it perfectly colour- less. As soon as this operation is performed, a fresh liquor should be prepared with the necessary quantity of dyers'-weed, which is only once to be boiled, and when cool, the cloth dipped into it. This last decoction softens the texture, and renders t e colour a most beau- tiful black. Few dyers, however, take so much pains; for they arc satisfied with dipping the cloth, when blue, in a decoction of nut- calls