Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 1, 1802).djvu/474

442&#93; 44*] CAR. The advantages of this vehicle, which was preferably employed, and strongly recommended, by the Inst mentioned agriculturist, con- sist in the facility with which it is laden, on account of its lowness ; . when gate-ways and roads are narrow, much room is gained by the wheels being fixed under the body of the cart. In such si- tuations, therefore, it is well cal- culated for carrying manure, espe- cially on meadow or ploughed land ; and, for that purpose, its wheels ought to have a flat bear- ing, and to be at least six inches in breadth. Another peculiarity in the construction of this cart is, that its wheels are necessarily cylindrical ; and that the facility of draught arising from this unobserved cir- CHMstancej was probably imputed t ) some other part of the machinery. But, though contrary to the gene- rally received opinion, Mr. Alex- ander Cumming-s (in his (Jher- ralions on the Efed irliidr Car- riage- if he ih with Biins of different shapes hav on the Hoods, (printed in the Communications to the Board of AgrimUy.rr), has satisfactorily demonstrated, and it is likewise evinced by experience, that the resistance to the cylindrical wheel is not increased, but diminished, ly ifyprgosiltg the breadth and the flat leering of its rim. The know- ledge of this fact is of very great importance to the farmer, as well as to the waggoner ; for; by avail- ing himself of this simple improve- ment, he may be enabled, in al- most all seasons, to drive his broad- wheeled carts, &c. on his meadow or ploughed ground, when no nar- row wheel can be employed. — Hence it would be superfluous to enumerate the farther advantages of this implement : yet, when the CAR width of gate- ways and the breadth: of roads will admit of the wheels being placed at the sides of the cart, without con fining the width of its body, it will probably be more advantageous to have them at the sides, than under the cart. O ae of the greatest advocates for one-horse carts, is Lord Robert Seymour, whose excellentpaper on this subject, dated Taliaris, 5th Sep- tember, 1796 (inserted in the 2/th volume of the Annals of Agricul- ture), deserves the thanks of all British farmers. This patriotic no- bleman strongly recommends the cart which he employs on his estates, as a most useful implement of husbandry. Convinced of its superior excellence, in many situa- tions, we have thought proper to annex an accurate engraving of this cart, for the elucidation of which, we shall extract the follow- ing particulars from his Lordship's letter, addressed to the editor of the last-mentioned work : The advantages of single-horse carts are universally admitted, wherever they have been atten- tively compared with carriages of any other description. By his own observation, Lord Seymour is led to conclude, that a horse acting singly will do half as much more work as in conjunction with ano- ther, so that two horses will, sepa- rately, perform the work of three conjunctively. This difference, he believes, arises partly from the sin- gle horse being so near the load he draws, and partly from the point or line of draught being so much below his breast ; as the wheels of single-horse carts are usually made very low. When a horse draws in conjunction with .another, he is ge- nerally embarrassed by some dif- ference of rate — the horse behind, or