Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 1, 1802).djvu/457

425&#93; C AM sofc and die bone ; while the dis- ease is communicated to the back and the sinews. Calkins, when formed like a hare's ear, and if the horn of a horse's heel be pared pretty low, seldom do much damage ; but when left large and square, they spoil the foot entirely. There are single and double calkins, accord- ingly as they are made at one or both ends of the foot : the latter, however, are but rarely hurtful, and generally make a horse trot more even and steady. Caltha. See Marsh Mary- gold. Caltrops. See Pondweed. CALX properly signifies lime ; but the term is also used by che- mists and physicians for a fine powder, which remains after the calcination of metals and other mi- neral substances. All metallic calces are found to weigh more than the metal from which they were originally produced. -«- See (pALCINATION. CAMELET, or Chamblet, a stuff made of woo!, silk, and some- times of hair, especially that of goats, combined with the first- mentioncd substances. In some, the warp consists of wool and silk, and the woof of hair. The real oriental camblet is made from the hair of the Angora goat. There are no camblets made in Europe of goat's hair alone : France, Hol- land, Flanders, and England, are the chief places where this manu- facture is carried on. Those of Brussels are allowed to be of the finest quality, and those of Eng- land stand next in repute. These articles are of various kinds, which are denominated Ji gured camblets, watered camblets, u fived camblets, &c. CAM [425 CAMBRIC, in commerce, a species of very fine white linen, made of flax, which derives its name from Cambray, a city of Fiance, where it was first invented. This article has long been an object of considerable advantage to the French, who formerly drew huge sums annually from England by its sale : hence, the British Parliament was induced to pass several laws to prevent this loss of our national wealth ; and, among others, the 18 Geo. II. c. 36, and 21 Geo. II. c. 26, which impose a penalty of 51. on all who are convicted of wear- ing, selling, or making up for hire, any cambric or French lawns j which, however, are allowed to be exported. — A cambric manufactory was established some years since at Winchelsea, in Sussex, to regu- late which the statutes of the 32 Geo. II. c. 32, and 4 Geo. III. c. 37, were passed 3 but it was very" soon relinquished, and the manu- facture carried into Scotland and Ireland, whence we are now sup- plied with that article. Ca.mx.ine, See Gold of Plea- sure. Cammock. See Thorny Rest- harrow. Camomile. See Chamomile. Campeauiy Wood. See Lou- wood. CAMPHOR, a white, solid, transparent resin, of a very vola- tile penetrating smell, and a bit- terish aromatic pungent taste, ac- companied with a sense of coolness. It is chiefly extracted from the wood and roots of the Lour us Cam- ph'ira, L. a tree growing in Sumatra and Japan : but may also be ob- tained in small quantities, by distil- lation, from a variety of vegetables, such as the peppermint, carda- moms, &c. in which it may easily be