Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 1, 1802).djvu/185

Rh because there may be good reasons for such conduct, as a suspicion of forgery, &c. If, in consequence of such refusal, he is arrested, and puts in bail, it is still no act of bankruptcy; but, if he goes to prison, and remains there two months, then, and not before, he becomes a bankrupt.

The consequences resulting from the unfortunate situation of a bankrupt, will be concisely stated under the article.  BARBEL, in ichthyology, a genus of fresh-water fishes, comprising thirty-one species, which are principally distinguished by the number of rays in the vent-fin: their general characters are, a toothless mouth; three rays in the gills; a smooth and white body; and the belly-fins have frequently nine rays. The following ten are the most remarkable species: 1. The ; 2. The (of which we have here subjoined a more particular account); 3. The ; 4. The ; 5. The ; 6. The ; 7. The ; 8. The ; 9. The ; and 10. The ;—for a description of which we refer to the order of the alphabet.

The Barbel, or Barbus, is one of the coarsest fresh-water fish, and therefore eaten almost exclusively by the industrious poor, who boil it with bacon, to render it more palatable. Its roe is not wholesome, and ought therefore to be thrown away, as the eating of it is frequently attended with nausea, vomiting, purging, &c.—The natural history of this fish has escaped the attention of the ancients, though it is sufficiently curious.

Barbels resemble pike in their general shape, the head excepted; for the upper jaw of the former is more projecting, and they are also provided with four dependent fibres or rays in the gills, with which, while dexterously playing, they allure their prey, consisting of insects and small fishes. Their dorsal fin is armed with a remarkably strong and sharp spine, serving them as means of defence or attack, and with which they frequently cut the nets, or when incautiously handled, inflict severe wounds on their captors.

In size, the barbel rarely exceeds the length of three feet, and weighs from twelve to eighteen, or twenty-five pounds. Its most frequent places of abode are the sides of hollow banks, in calm and deep waters. In the months of May and June, it deposits its spawn on the stones lining the beds of deep rivers, and between which, as well as poles, roots of trees, &c. barbels harbour during winter, in a compact and social state. Not unlike swine, they dig and excavate the soft banks with their noses, are fond of animal carcasses (particularly of human flesh, according to C. P., a reputed German naturalist), and become exceedingly fat by living on the refuse of flax steeped in stagnant waters. Hence we may also account for their unpalatable, and, perhaps, unwholesome flesh. They are so tame, that they may be easily caught by the hand; though we do not suggest so dangerous a method of taking them.—For the particulars relative to the method of angling for barbel, we refer to the article.  : See.  BARBLES, or BARBS, in farriery, are those small excrescences frequently appearing under the tongue of horses, as well as black Rh