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 ] So blessed and sanctioned, Ward went straight ahead. The Ultramontanism of the Dublin Review must have been gall and bitterness to the old-fashioned English Romanist.

While Ward and the Dublin Review, supported by Manning, pushed papal absolutism to the furthest extremes, Lord Acton and the series of journals with which he was connected, such as the Rambler and the short-lived but brilliant Home and Foreign Review, recalled the Catholic mind to the facts of History. Abbot Gasquet's estimate of the Dublin Review and the Rambler is significant.

The refusal to face the facts, the resolve to manipulate them in the interests of edification, was characteristic of an extensive controversial school of which the Dublin Review was a vigorous and extreme exponent. It was done deliberately, on principle, prompted by a profound distrust of history. Lord Acton's criticisms on this uncritical method of advancing truth are inimitable.

"A particular suspicion rested on history, because, as the study of facts, it was less amenable to authority and less controlled by interest than philosophical speculation. In consequence partly of the denial of historical certainty, and partly of the fear of it, the historical study