Page:William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England (3rd ed, 1768, vol I).djvu/444

 428 whereof kill is required: but another of their arguments goes much farther; viz. that apprenticehips are ueful to the commonwealth, by employing of youth, and learning them to be early indutrious; but that no one would be induced to undergo a even years ervitude, if others, though equally kilful, were allowed the ame advantages without having undergone the ame dicipline: and in this there eems to be much reaon. However, the reolutions of the courts have in general rather confined than extended the retriction. No trades are held to be within the tatute, but uch as were in being at the making of it : for trading in a country village, apprenticehips are not requiite : and following the trade even years is ufficient without any binding; for the tatute only ays, the peron mut erve as an apprentice, and does not require an actual apprenticehip to have exited. may by law correct his apprentice or ervant for negligence or other mibehaviour, o it be done with moderation : though, if the mater's wife beats him, it is good caue of departure. But if any ervant, workman, or labourer aaults his mater or dame, he hall uffer one year's imprionment, and other, open corporal punihment, not extending to life or limb.

ervice all ervants and labourers, except apprentices, become entitled to wages: according to their agreement, if menial ervants; or according to the appointment of the heriff or eions, if labourers or ervants in hubandry: for the tatutes for regulation of wages extend to uch ervants only ; it being impoible for any magitrate to be a judge of the employment of menial ervants, or of coure to aes their wages.

III. us, latly, ee how trangers may be affected by this relation of mater and ervant: or how a mater may behave to- Rh