Page:William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England (3rd ed, 1768, vol I).djvu/157

Ch. 1. had provided no other method to ecure their actual enjoyment. It has therefore etablihed certain other auxiliary ubordinate rights of the ubject, which erve principally as barriers to protect and maintain inviolate the three great and primary rights, of peronal ecurity, peronal liberty, and private property. Thee are,

1.&ensp; contitution, powers, and privileges of parliament, of which I hall treat at large in the enuing chapter.

2.&ensp; limitation of the king’s prerogative, by bounds o certain and notorious, that it is impoible he hould exceed them without the conent of the people. Of this alo I hall treat in it’s proper place. The former of thee keeps the legilative power in due health and vigour, o as to make it improbable that laws hould be enacted detructive of general liberty: the latter is a guard upon the executive power, by retraining it from acting either beyond or in contradiction to the laws, that are framed and etablihed by the other.

3.&ensp; ubordinate right of every Englihman is that of applying to the courts of jutice for redres of injuries. Since the law is in England the upreme arbiter of every man’s life, liberty, and property, courts of jutice mut at all times be open to the ubject, and the law be duly adminitred therein. The emphatical words of , poken in the peron of the king, who in judgment of law (ays ir Edward Coke ) is ever preent and repeating them in all his courts, are thee; : “and therefore every ubject,” continues the ame learned author, “for injury done to him in bonis, in terris, vel perona, by any other ubject, be he eccleiatical or temporal without any exception, may take his remedy by the coure of the law, and have jutice and right for the injury done to him, freely without ale, fully without any denial, and peedily without delay.” It were endles to enumerate all the affirmative acts of parliament wherein