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General Chiang Teng-Sien is a native of Chihli, North China. He was born in the district of Nan-Kung Hsien in the province of Chihli. His early years were spent in the family school of his village under a private tutor. At the age of 16 he was admitted to the public high middle school of his district and at the age of 20 he received the first Chinese literary degree (A. B.) by competitive examinations. He entered in the following year into the Lien-Chiu College in his province to further his literary education. At the age of 22 he went to Japan, and first joined Tung Wen and next Chen-Wu. From the latter he was transferred to the department of General Staff in Tokio and registered in the surveyor's course. After the completion of his course he joined the Japanese special military training school for officers until he graduated there. Almost immediatedly [sic] after his