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Admiral Liu Kuan-hsiung was born at Ming-hou Hsien, Fukien Province, in 1858. He was graduated from the Naval School in Fukien and subsequently was sent to England for higher education. Admiral Liu attended the Royal Naval College at Greenwich where he graduated. Upon his return to China, he was given a commission in the Imperial Chinese Navy. Shortly after his joining the navy, the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) broke out and Admiral Lu participated therein. At the Battle of the Yulu he distinguished himself and was afterwards rewarded for his bravery by the Manchu Emperor. Since that time up to the breaking out of the First Revolution, he held various naval offices, from a non-commissioned officer to the commander of a squadron. When the first republican government was formed following the successful issue of the revolution in 1911, Admiral Liu was appointed Minister of Navy as a reward for his services to the republicans during the critical moment of the epoch-mak-