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Mr. Chang Hsiang-wen was born at Szuyang Hsien, Kiangsu Province, in 1866, and was a member of a very poor family. In his youth he studied the Chinese Literature and Classics, but did not distinguish himself in the competitive examinations under the Ching Regime. Later he took up the study of science and made himself an authority on the geograp'hy of China. For a period of twenty years he taught school while privately doing research work. During this time he published several books on Physical Geography and the Geographical History of China. Between 1905 and 1911 Mr. Chang taught in several schools and colleges in Tientsin At that time two persons in China were considered authorities on Chinese Geography based on the modern method of study, one being Mr. Chang and