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Mr. Hsu Shih-chiang was born at Tientsin in 1858. He became an orphan when a youth and was brought up by the late Yuan Chia-san, father of the late President Yuan Shih-kai. Mr. Hsu was born of a literary family and was given a good education. He passed through the successive literary examinations and became a Hanlin or Metropolitan Graduate in 1886. Subsequently Mr. Hsu was appointed a Leader of the College of Literature. In November 1903 he became Senior Councillor of the Board of Commerce. In June 1904 he was made Probationary Grand Councillor. One year later he became a Minister of Government Council. In October 1905 Mr. Hsu was appointed President of the Board of the Civil Administration. In February 1906 he was promoted to be a Grand Councillor of the State. In November 1906 he was removed from the Grand