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Rh inaugurated in April 1913, and Mr. Hsu became a Member of the lower House representing Kuangtung Province. In January 1914 the National Assembly was dissolved by Yuan Shih-kai. Mr. Hsu then went to Japan. In April 1915 he returned to Shanghai and founded two political magazines called “Rightousness" and "New Chung Hua” the main object of which was to oppose the absolute rule of Yuan Shih-kai.

When Yuan Shih-kai launched his monarchical attempt, in the winter of 1915, Mr. Hsu and many other republican leaders published in Shanghai a daily paper called "Chung Hua Hsin Pao" which was then considered the only paper for the Republic. Through this paper Mr. Hsu rendered valuable service to the Republican Army headed by the late General Tsao Ao. A reward of $100,000 was put up by Yuan Shih-kai for the arrest of Mr. Hsu. Mr. Hsu was in Peking as member of the Lower House again from July 1916 until June 1917 when the National Assembly was again dissolved, this time by Li Yuan-hung as demanded by the different military leaders, who took strong exception to the draft of the New Constitution by the Assembly. Subsequently Mr. Hou went to Canton where a military government had been formed in which Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Tang Shao-yi and Wu Ting-fang took the leading role and whither the ex-Parliamentarians proceeded to re-establish Constitutionalism. Under this Canton new government Mr. Hsu at different times held the following positions: Chief Justice of the High Court, Minister of Justice, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.