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Mr. Chou Shu-mu, was born at Tienmen Hsien, Hupeh in 1868. In 1889 Mr. Chou successfully passed the Metropolitan Examinations and obtained the title of Metropolitan Graduate and shortly afterwards was made a Hanlin. At the beginning of 1900, Mr. Chou was appointed literary examiner to Shansi. Later he was sent to Kwangtung in the same capacity. Appreciative of the service which Mr. Chow had rendered, Chang Chih-tung, Viceroy of Hupeh, extended to him an invitation to be a professor of the Lianghu College. Later Mr. Chou was appointed a censor under the Ching government. In 1907, following Mr. Chou's trip abroad studying constitutional governments, he was appointed Commissioner of Public Instruction for Kiangsu. Toward the end of the year Mr. Chou was transferred to Mukden at the request of Hsu Shih-chang, who was then Viceroy of the