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Rh risen but relatively little; to a far less extent than the general rise in the prices for consumer’s goods, which means that they could not have so much of them. Nothing more need be said with respect to the adversity of this class.

Among laborers themselves there are wide differences. The lower classes of labor improved in their living to some extent, especially in their food and clothing. They did not improve in their housing, for there was not enough of the most desirable kind to go around. The position of domestic servants improved immensely, and so did that of artisans, anthracite coal miners and railway employees. All of those classes became able to have such clothing, food, leisure, and amusements, including automobiles, as never before. More and more did they become able to send their children to college and to obtain better professional assistance.

It may be pointed out, however, that even the aristocrats of labor experienced the drawbacks of inadequate housing, inadequate fuel, inadequate school facilities and inadequate means for transportation like everybody else, wherefore perhaps even their improvement in the scale of living is more superficial than real. The impairments that I have mentioned are obvious, except with respect to transportation, which perhaps is not so clear. Some of the ways in which transportation service has deteriorated are these: On many lines convenient trains have been annulled. The running time of others has been reduced. All trains are more crowded. Travellers by Pullman cars are constrained to order their accommodations days in advance. Not infrequently persons are unable to get seats on the trains