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538 of presents from favor-seekers, or engaging in different undertakings, contrary to law.

One means intended to check corruption was the limitation of the office to three years. This rule, however, was seldom adhered to, nearly all holding the power for a longer period, sometimes from twelve to fifteen years, several being twice appointed. As an encouragement for good conduct, promotion was held forth to the higher paid viceroyalty of Peru, to the India Council, and other positions in Spain. Before leaving the country, this dignitary, like other high officials, had to submit to a residencia to be completed within six months; yet bonds were generally accepted. He had also to leave a report on the condition of affairs with suggestions for the guidance of his successor.

In case of death no regal ceremonies were permitted. Usually a pliego de providencia, or mortaja, existed wherein a successor was designated; otherwise, till the arrival of a new appointee, and also when the viceroy fell sick, the audiencia assumed the government with the president or regente for captain-general.