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 sition and fortified itself under cover and protection of the «Socialist» Ministers, was preparing an onslaught upon both the external and the internal enemy,—the revolutionary workmen.

On June 9 the party of the revolutionary workers, the Bolsheviks, arranged for a demonstration in Petrograd to give articulate expression to the ever-growing dissatisfaction and indignation of the masses. The leaders of the Essers and Mensheviks, entangled in their alliances with the bourgeoisie, bound hand and foot by their imperialistic war-policy, became alarmed, feeling that they were losing their hold upon the masses. A general outcry was raised against this demonstration—an outcry in which the Essers and Mensheviks joined the counter-revolutionary Cadets. Under the guidance of the Essers and Mensheviks, as a result of their policy of alliance with the capitalists, the tendency of the petty bourgeoisie to unite with the grand conter-revolutionary bourgeoisie defined itself with amazing clearness. In this very fact is contained the historic significance, the profound class-meaning of the crisis of July 9.

The Bolsheviks, unwilling to lead the workmen into a desperate battle against the united Cadets, Essers and Mensheviks, decided to give up