Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/419

 VII. VERB. INFINITIVE. I a. One infinitive is also formed from a reduplicated root: śiśnáth-e (III. 31¹3) to attack'; but according to GRASSMANN it is the locative of a substantive meaning 'attack'. 585. The remaining dative infinitives are formed from verbal nouns derived with nine different suffixes. 409 I. Some 25 of these are datives of stems in -as ². They are the following: áyas-e (1. 57³) ‘to go', arhás-e to be worthy of', rcás-e 'to praise', rñjás-e 'to strive after', ksádas-e3 'to partake of', cáksas-e 'to see', carás-e 'to fare', javás-e4 (III. 50²) 'to speeď, jīvás-e ‘to live', tujás-e 'to hurl', dohás-e 'to milk', dháyas-e 'to cherish', dhruvás-e 'to sit firmly', pusyás-e ‘to thrive', bháras-e³ 'to bear', bhiyás-e 'to fear', bhojás-e 'to enjoy', rājás-e ‘to shine', vṛñjás-e ‘to turn aside', vydhás-e 'to further', sobhás-e 'to shine', śriyás-e 'to be resplendent', sáhyas-e5 'to conquer', spáras-e ‘to help to', spurdhás-e 'to strive after', harás-e 'to seize'. a. Three roots form an infinitive stem with -s only instead of -as: ji-ș-é 'to con- quer', upa-prak-ș-é6 (v. 476) ‘to unite', stu-s-é 'to praise'?. 2. Some half dozen are formed from stems in -i: iş-áy-e® (VI. 52¹5) to refresh', tuj-áy-e (v. 467) 'to breed', drs-áy-e 'to see', mah-áy-e 'to rejoice', yudh-áy-e 'to fight', san-áy-e 'to win'; cit-áy-e9 (VS.) 'to understand'. 3. Four or five are formed from stems in -ti: iş-táy-e 'to refresh', pi-tay-e 'to drink', vī-táy-e to enjoy', sã-táy-e 'to win'; perhaps also u-tay-e (nn) 'to help (his men)'. 4. Over 30 dative infinitives are formed from stems in -tu (added to the gunated root, in some instances with connecting vowel), from which acc. and abl. gen. infinitives are also formed: a. át-tav-e 'to eat', ás-tav-e 'to attain', ás-tav-e (VS.; TS. IV. 5. 1²) 'to shoot', é-tav-e 'to go', -tav-e 'to weave' (√va-), kár-tav-e 'to make', gán-tav-e and gå-tav-e 'to go', da-tav-e 'to give', práti-dhã-tav-e 'to place upon', dhá-tav-e 'to suck', pák-tave (AV.) 'to cook', pát-tav-e 'to fall', pá-tav-e 'to drink', bhár- tav-e 'to bear away', mán-tav-e 'to think', yán-tav-e 'to present', yás-tav-e 'to sacrifice', ya-tav-e 'to go', yo-tav-e 'to ward off', vák-tav-e 'to speak', prá-van- tav-e 'to win' (Vvan-), vár-tav-e 'to restrain', vás-tav-e 'to shine', vá-tav-e (AV.) 'to weave', vét-tav-e (AV.) ‘to find, vó-lhav-e 'to convey', pári-sak-tav-e 'to over- come', sár-tav-e 'to flow', si-tav-e 'to bring forth', sé-tav-e (AV.) ‘to bind', só- tav-e 'to press', stó-tav-e 'to praise', hán-tav-e 'to slay'. B. áv-i-tav-e 'to refresh', cár-i-tav-e 'to fare', jiv-á-tav-e (TS. Iv. 2. 65; VS. XVIII. 67) 'to live', sávi-tav-e 'to bring forth', stár-i-tav-e (AV.) 'to lay low', sráv-i-tav-e 'to flow', háv-i-tav-e 'to call'. 5. Over a dozen infinitives are formed from stems in -tavá (added like tu to the gunated root), which are doubly accented. a. é-tavái 'to go' (also áty-, ánv-, etavái), ó-tavái 'to weave', gán-tavái 'to go' (also upa-gantavái), dá-tavái 'to give', pári-dhā-tavái (AV.) 'to envelope', pá-tavái 'to drink', ápa-bhar-tavái 'to be taken away', mán-tavái 'to think', má-tavái 'to low', sár-tavái 'to flow', si-tavái (AV.) 'to bring forth'), hán- tavái 'to slay' 1⁰. I s. v. šišnátha. 2 As a rule the suffix, but in half a dozen instances the root, is accented, 3 According to GRASSMANN, 2. sing. middle. 4 According to GRASSMANN, dat, of the substantive jávas meaning 'swiftness'. 5 According to GRASSMANN, dat. of the comparative sáhyas. 6 DELBRÜCK, Verbum, and AVERY accent -prakse. Cp. OLDENBERG. Rgveda, note on V. 476. 7 See DELBRÜCK p. 181 (I, 5); cp. above, p. 378, note ¹. 8 Cp. however, DELBRÜCK 207. 9 Perhaps more probably a substantive, according to BR.: for understanding'. 10 The MS. has kártavái, cp. WHITNEY 982 d and WOLFF 7 (p. 9).