Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/401

 VII. VERB. SECONDARY CONJUGATION. 39I a. A few intensives show irregularities in the reduplicative syllable; thus - 'go': al-ar- (dissimilation); gāh- 'plunge' : jan-gah- (from a root which otherwise has no nasal in inflected forms); badh- oppress': bad-badh- (only example of a final mute being redu- plicated); gur- 'greet' and bhur. 'quiver' reduplicate with a: jar-gur- and jar-bhur-². f. In a few roots containing or the radical syllable varies; thus gr- 'swallow' : jar-gur- and jal-gul-; car-'move': car-cur- beside car-car-; tr- 'cross': tar-tur- beside tar-tar-. 3. Over twenty roots with final or penultimate nasal,, or ž, inter- pose an ī (or i if the vowel would be long by position) between the redu- plicative syllable and the root: a. krand- 'cry out': kan-i-krand- and kan-i-krad-; gam- ‘go' : gan-i-gam- (but gan-i-gm-at); pan- 'admire' : pán-i-pan-; phan- 'spring': pán-i-phan-; ścand- 'shine' : can-i-scad-; san- 'gain' : san-i-șan-; skand- 'leap' : kan-i-şkand- and can- i-şkad-; syand- 'flow' : sán-i-syad-; svan- 'sound': san-i-svan-; han- 'slay': ghan- i-ghan-. b. kr 'make': kar-i-kr- and car-i-kr- (AV.) 3; tr- 'cross' tar-i-tr-; bhr- 'bear': bhar-i-bhr-; vr- 'cover' : var-i-vr-; vrj- 'twist': vár-í-vrj-; vṛt- 'turn' : var-i-vrt-. c. tu- 'be strong': táv-i-tu-; dhū- 'shake': dáv-i-dhu-; nu- 'praise': náv- i-nu-; dyut- 'shine' : dáv-i-dyut-. a. Primary Form. Present Indicative. 546. With the exception of eight or nine verbs, which take a secondary form (inflected in the middle only and identical in appearance with a passive), the intensive is inflected like the third conjugational class. The only difference is that may be inserted between the root and terminations beginning with consonants; it is common in the 1. and 3. sing. ind. act., and is also some- times found to occur in the 2. 3. du. ind. and the 2. 3. sing. imperative and imperfect active 4. The forms actually found, if made from the intensive of nij- 'wash', would be the following in the indicative: Active. Sing. 1. nénej-mi and nénej-ī-mi. 2. nének-şi. 3. nének-ti and nénej-i-ti. - Du. 2. nenej-i-thas 5. 3. nenik-tás. - Pl. 1. nenij-mas and nenij- masi (AV.). 3. nénij-ati. Middle. Sing. 1. nenij-é. 3. nenik-té. — Du. 3. nenij-āte. Pl. 3. nénij-ate. The forms actually met with are: Active. Sing. I. carkarmi, vevesmi (AV.); cakaśīmi, jóhavimi, dardar- īmi. — 2. alarși, jāgarṣi (Kh. II. 3), dárdarşi, dárdharsi. 3. álarti, káni- kranti, ganīganti, janghanti, varīvarti and várvarti6; -calcalīti (MS. II. 1 3¹); carcarīti (AV.), cákaśīti, jarbhurīti, jalgulīti (TS.), jóhavīti, tartarīti, dardarīti, dodhavīti, nánnamīti, nónavīti, pāpatīti, bobhavīti, yamyamīti, rārajīti (AV.), rārapīti, róravīti, lālapīti (AV.), vāvadīti, sosavīti. Du. 2. tartarithas 8. - 3. jarbhrtás. Pl. I. nonumas and nonumasi (AV.). nanadati, bharibhrati, várvṛtati. Middle. Sing. 1. joguve. 3- 3. jágrati (AV.), dávidyutati, 3. tétikte, dédiste, nánnate, nenikté, 6 For várvart-ti, varīvart-ti; cp. GRASSMANN, Though it has in nominal derivatives; see WHITNEY, Roots, s. v. gāh; cp. BUR- | S. V. vrt. CHARDI, BB. 19, 179; v. NEGELEIN 79. 2 Cp. p. 390, note 3. 7 See note 9. 8 Cp. note 5. - 9 With loss of nasal (a sonant nasal) for 3 In the participle kárikr-at and -çárikr-at (AV.). 4 This never occurs if the reduplication | MÜLLER, RV².,write námna-te (also Padapāṭha); contains 7: thus no-nav-i-ti and nav-i-no-t, but the participle nánnamat (VIII. 438), AUF- but never *navi-nav-i-ti. Cp. DELBRÜCK,| RECHT nánn-, MAX MÜLLER námn-; the 3. sing. nánnamīti (v. 835) AUFRECHT2, námnamīti MAX Verbum p. 131; v. NEGELEIN 79. 5 For *nenik-thás; the only 2. du. which MÜLLER 2; similarly nánnamāne (x. 82¹) AUF- occurs is tartar-i-thas for *tarty-thás. RECHT, námnamāne MAX MÜLLER (also Pp.).
 * nánnan-te(1. 1406). AUFRECHT, RV2., and MAX