Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/302

 I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. - Du. N. A. f¹. camúā, tanúā. — D. f. hanúbhyām² (TS. VII. 3. 16'). L. camíos 3. 292 Pl. N. f. 1. agrúvas; camúas, jatúas (AV.), tanúas, prdākúas (AV.), prajanúas (AV.). 2. amho-yávas, apasyúvas, avasyúvas, āyúvas, udanyúvas, caranyúvas (AV.), didhiṣúas, panasyivas, pārayiṣṇuas, prtanäyivas, prśanāyúvas, bibhatsúvas, makhasyúvas, mandrayúvas, mahiyúvas, mumuksúas, sanāyúvas, sūdayitnúas. yuva-yás (v. 41³), agreeing with N. f. dhiyas, appears to be a contracted form for -yú-as 5. A. f. 1. agrúvas; tanúas, nabhanúas, vadhúas¹. 2. abhi-dipsúas, dravitnúas; vi-panyúvas, sundhyúvas ³. - I. m. makṣúbhis'. - f. tanúbhis. D. f. tanúbhyas. G. f. 1. tanúnām, vadhúnām - 2. aghayinām ¹⁰ (AV.), babhrúnām, bībhatsúnām. 10 L. f. I. camisu, tanúsu. 2. babhrúşu. — - 6. a. Radical u- stems. 386. There are not many u- stems derived from roots originally ending in u, as several of these (about nine) have joined the consonant declension by adding the determinative -t". Some eight stems are, however, formed from roots in -u, all of them but one (dyú-) being compounds. These are: dyú- 'day', abhi-dyu- 'heavenly'; mitá-dru-¹² 'firm-legged', raghu-dri- 'running swiftly'; á-pra-yu-¹3 'assiduous'; ádhri-gu-¹4 'irresistible', vanar-gi- 'forest- roaming'; su-sti- 'highly praised' ¹5. There are besides some 12 stems in which is radical in a secondary sense as representing the shortened form of the vowel of three roots ending in -16. These are: dhi-jú- 'inspiring the mind', from jū- 'impeľ'; su-pú- ‘clarifying well', from pu- 'purify'; and com- pounds of bhu- 'be': á-pra-bhu- 'powerless', abhi-bhú- ‘superior', ä-bhú- ‘empty', ud-bhi- 'persevering', pari-bhi- 'surrounding', puru-bhú- 'appearing in many places', pra-bhú- 'powerful', mayo-bhi- 'delighting', vi-bhi- 'far-extending', Sam-bhi- beneficent', su-bhi- 'good'. 387. The inflexion of these words is identical with that of derivative u- stems. Forms which occur are the following: Sing. N. m. ádhri-gus, á-pra-bhus, pra-bhús, mayo-bhús, mitá-drus, vanar-gus, vi-bhús, sam-bhús ¹7. n. á-pra-bhu, á-prayu, a-bhú, ud-bhú (AV.), pra-bhú, mayo-bhú, raghu-drú, vi-bhú, sam-bhú, su-bhú. A. m. ádhri-gum, abhí-dyum, abhi-bhúm (AV.), a-bhúm, pra-bhúm, vi-bhúm ¹8 I. m. mayo-bhúnā. - n. su-púna (AV.). There are also two m. transfers from | This is only a metrical lengthening of declension, madhūyuvā and pašvá; the stem vowel (Pada ž). 10 Cp. LANMAN 418³. ¹¹ See above, stems in derivative -t (307). 12 From dru- 'run'. On sádru- see WHIT- NEY's note on AV. XV. 7¹. 13 From yu- 'separate', 'keep away'. the cp. LANMAN 403 and 413 (mid). 2 This is really a transition form from the derivative - declension, 3 camuos occurs 14 times, camvòs possibly once (IX. 96²¹). 4 Önce tanvàs; see LANMAN 408 (top). The TS. has tanúvas. + 5 On ratha-yús (x. 705) standing possibly for-yús -yú-as, see LANMAN 415². 6 RV. 20 times, AV. 3 times tanúas; RV. twice, AV. once tanvàs. The TS, has tanúvas, On WEBER's conjecture (IS. 13, 58) višvàs as A. pl. of *višu- see LANMAN 416³. 7 The Mss. of the AV. once read badhvàs (= vadhúas). 8 On ratha-yus (VII, 25) for -yús yúas, see LANMAN 416³. The VS. (xxi. 25) has jatus. 14 'going unrestrained', from gu-'go' =ga-. 15 The words sabar-dhi- 'yielding nectar', and á-smrta-dhru- 'not caring for enemies', seem to be compounded with -duh (-dhuk) and -druh (-dhruk: see pw.). 16 They are therefore transfers from the radical - declension, all the N. A. neuters of which are thus formed, 17 sabar-dhús (VS. v. 26; Kh, iv. 5²⁰) sabar-dhúk. 18 sabar-dhúm A, f. sabar-dúham. =