Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/297

 VI, DECLENSION. NOUNS. VOWEL STEMS. 287 f. This form is made in the same way as the m. from 48 stems in the RV. The commonest examples are: utibhis (100), svastíbhis (82), matíbhis (37), dhītíbhis (27), su-vṛktíbhis (18). a. The form ūtí is used 9 times as an I. pl. in the RV., as is shown both by the sense and by the forms agreeing with it; e. g. tvábhir útí (11. 20²) 'with thine aids'. b. A transfer from the 7-declension is aranıbhis 'tinder-sticks'. D. m. This form is made with -bhyas from 9 stems in the RV.: áśva- patibhyas (VS. xvI. 24) 'masters of horses', sibhyas, ganá-patibhyas (VS. XVI. 25) 'lords of troops', dáśāvanibhyas 'having ten courses', pátibhyas, yátibhyas N. of a race, raśmíbhyas (VS. XXII. 28), vi-bhyas², vráta-patibhyas (VS. XVI. 25) 'lords of companies', šúcibhyas, švá-patibhyas (VS. xiv. 28) 'masters of dogs', sákhibhyas, sanibhyas, sandhibhyas (VS. xxiv.25), sūribhyas. f. kṣitíbhyas, carşaníbhyas, deva-jamíbhyas (VS. XXIV. 24) 'sisters of the gods. There is also the transfer from the i-declension nåribhyas 'women'. Ab. m. This case, identical in form with the D., is made from 12 stems in the RV.: agníbhyas, átribhyas, kavāríbhyas ‘niggardly', giribhyas, panibhyas, pavibhyas, plaśíbhyas, yónibhyas (VS. XIII. 34), vánas-pátibhyas, vibhyas2, sákhibhyas, sanibhyas, sthivibhyas 'bushels'. f. amhatibhyas 'distresses', angúlibhyas (AV.), ksitibhyas, carsanibhyas, jánibhyas, dhamánibhyas (AV.) 'blasts'. n. asthibhyas 3 (AV. II. 33). G. m. This form is made from 28 stems in the RV.: (a) oxytones are agnīnám, kavīnám, girīṇám, carṣaṇīnám, deva-jamīnám (AV.), nidhīnám 'treasures', panīnám, pathinám, maṇīnám (AV.), mathīnámª, rayīṇām, vāpīnám 5 (AV.), vīnám, sanīnámº; (b) otherwise accented: átrīņām, ávīnām, áhīnām, ŕṣīṇām, gandhárīṇām N. of a people, caráṇīnām 'active', tuvisvánīnām 'loud- roaring', dhunīnām 'roaring', mahi-şvánīnam 'very noisy', muninām 'seers', vánas-pátīnām, vi-mahīnām 'very great, vyátīnām 'steeds', śúcīnām, sákhīnām, hárīnām, havir-máthīnām' 'disturbing sacrifices'. Also grhá-patīnām (VS. ix. 39) 'householders', dhárma-patīnām (VS. ix. 39) ‘guardians of law'. f. This form is made from 18 stems in the RV.³: (a) oxytones: kavīnám, krstīnám, ksitīnám, carṣaṇīnám, jāmīnám, dur-matinám 'hatred, dhautīnám 'wells', pustinám, matinám, rayīnám, su-kşitīnám, su-matinám, su-stutinám; (b) otherwise accented: arātinām (Kh. I. 55), úpa-stutīnam 'invocations', jánīnām, nírṛtīnām, márīcīnām ‘particles of light', súcīnām. L. m. This form is made with the ending -su, which becomes -şu, from 16 stems in the RV.: á-kavişu 'not wise', agnisu, añjísu, á-samātisu 'incomparable', ājíṣu, āpísu 'kinsmen', ŕṣiṣu, khādíṣu ‘rings', giríșu, nidhíșu, pathișu, pavísu, yónisu, raśmísu, śubhrisu, sūrisu. f. This form is made from 21 stems, all but three of which (a-vyathi-, jūmi-, śubhrí-) end in -ti-: abhi-mātiṣu 'plots', a-vyathisu, istisu, utísu, rstisu, krstisu, ksitisu, gav-istisu, jamísu, dív-istișu 'devotions', devá-hūtisu, páristisu 'distresses', pustisu, prá-nītisu, prá-tūrtișu speedy motions', prá-yuktisu, prá-sastişu (TS.1.7.7¹; VS. 1x. 6) 'praises', yáma-hūtiṣu, rātíṣu, vyùṣṭisu, șubhrísu, satisu. The form narisu ¹0 is a transfer from the 7 declension. n. The only example that occurs is bhurisu. 1 Once accented rşíbhyas in Välakhilya XI. 6, doubtless an error. 2 Not accented as a monosyllabic stem. 3 With wrong accent for ásthibhyas; cp. asthábhyas (VS. XXIII. 44). 4 Val. 58; BR. and GRASSMANN would read matinám, which is actually the reading of the Kashmir Ms.: SCHEFTELOWITZ, Die Apo- kryphen des Rgveda 40. 5 See WHITNEY's note on AV. XIX. 246. 6 Also the numeral trinám. 7 In about a dozen out of 128 occurrences resolution of -ām to -aam seems necessary. 8 Resolution of -am to -aam seems to be necessary in 4 out of 98 occurrences. 9 Wrong accent for árātīnām. IO On the other hand svahā-kṛtīşu is a transfer from this to the declension.