Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/279

 VI. DECLENSION. NOUNS. VOWEL STEMS. 269 'having a far-reaching mind' (a-dh-), dur-a-dh- 'malevolent', dūrá-adhi-' 'longing for the distance', sv-adhi- 'attentive', du-dhi-² malevolent', nánā-dhī- ‘of various intent', visváto-dhi- 'all-attending', su-dhi- 'devout'; avadya-bhí- f. 'fear of blame'; agni-sri- 'fire-bright', adhvara-śri- 'adorning the sacrifice', kṣatra-śrí- 'blessing dominion', ghrta-sri- 'glittering with ghee', jana-śrí- 'blessing men', darśata-śrí- 'of beauteous splendour', márya-śrī- adorned like a wooer', yajña-śrí- 'beauti- fying the sacrifice', su-sri- 'glorious', hari-śrí- 'of golden glory'. 3. Com- pounds formed with the roots krī- 'buy', nī- ‘lead', prī- 'love', mī- ‘diminish', vi- 'move' and 'cover', sī- 'lie', śrī- 'mix': pra-krí- (AV.) 'purchasable', sadyaḥ- kri- (AV.) 'bought on the same day'; agre-ni- (VS.) 'leading', rta-ni- 'leading the rite', grama-ní- 'leading the community', pada-ni- (AV.) 'following the steps of another', pra-ní- f. 'furtherance', pra-není- powerfully furthering', mana-ni- 'spirit-leading', yajña-ni- 'leading the sacrifice', vasa-ní m. 'commander', vrata- ní- 'carrying out the ordinance', sadha-ni- accompanying', sen 7-ni- mn. 'leader of an army', skambha-ni- (VS.) 'furnishing a prop'; abhi-pri- 'gladdening', kadha- prī- 'gladdening whom?', pari-prí- 'dear', brahma-pri- 'prayer-loving', yajna-pr- 'sacrifice-loving'; manyu-mi- 'rage-obstructing', váta-pra-mi- 'surpassing the wind'; takva-vi- m. ‘(swiftly darting) bird', deva-ví- and devā-ví- 'god-refreshing', pada- vi- m. 'leader', parna-vi- 'moving with wings', prati-vi-s 'gladly accepting', hiranya-vi- 'gold-bringing'; pra-ví- (VS.) 'wound round'; jihma-si- 'lying pro- strate', patsu-tas-si-6 'lying at the feet', madhyama-sí- ‘lying in the midst', syona-si- 'lying on a soft couch'; abhi-sri-7 'admixture', gana-sri-7 'mixing in troops'. B. This secondary group comprises upwards of 80 polysyllabic stems, accented on the final vowel, which are all substantives except about half a dozen. It includes fewer than a dozen masculines. Of the remainder, which are feminine, more than half are names of female beings; about 30 are the f. form of m. stems that are not accented on the final vowel, as purusí- 'woman' beside púrusa- 'man'. There are also some f. adjectives corresponding to m. in -ya, as svarí beside svaryà- 'resounding'. This derivative group closely follows the analogy of the third division of the radical group (compounds ending in roots with final accented -ī); it joined the radical declension doubt- less owing to the accentuation of the final vowel. 2 For duré-adhi-. 2 From dus-dhi-. 3 Mostly Tatpuruşas, generally with accu- sative sense; some Karmadharayas. 4 An intensive formation from ni- 'lead'. 5 'Coming towards', práti, with lengthened final vowel. 6 From patsu-tás, an adverb anomalously — The m. stems are: ahí- 'serpent', upaví-(VS.) 'encouraging', daksi9 'flaming'; praví-'attentive', duș-prāví- ‘unfriendly', su-prāvi- ‘very attentive'; yayi- 'going'; rathi- 'charioteer', á-rathi- 'not a charioteer'; sahásra-stari- 'having a thousand barren cows', híranya-vāśi- ‘wielding a golden axe'. The f. stems are: athari flame', atharví- 'priestess' (m. átharvan-), á-durmangali- 'not unlucky', apari- pl. 'future days' (m. ápara-), apasí- (VS.) 'industrious' (m. apásya-), ambi- 'mother', arayi- 'demoness' (m. árāya-), aruņi- 'dawn', asvatarí- (AV.) ‘she-mule', asta-karní cow with notched ear', à-pathi- 'impediment', ení- ‘doe' (m. éta-), oní- ‘breast', kalyāṇí- 'fair woman' (m. kalyāṇa-), kavaşí 'creaking' (m. kaváşa-), kilāsí- 'spotted deer' (m. kilása-), kumāri- (AV.) 'girl', kūdi- (AV.) 'fetter', krsní- 'night', ksoni- 'flood', khārí- 'measure', gandharvi- 'female Gandharva', gauri- 'buffalo cow', cakri- 'wheel', tandri- 10 formed by adding the suffix -tas to the L. pl. of pád- 'foot'. 7 Formed directly from the root r 'mix', and not from the substantive frí-. 8 From upa and pra+av- 'favour'. 9 To be assumed as the stem of the V. dakşi, Pada text dhaksi. 10 The final vowel is here perhaps radical in origin. -