Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/220

 I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. dhắma, náma, bráhma, bhúma, mánma, róma¹, śárma, sádma. - 3. jánimā ², dhárma, námā, bráhmā, bhúmā, rómā, sádma ³. 210 A. m. áśmanas, takmánas (AV.), brahmánas. — 2. dur-ṇámnas (AV.). I. m. á-khidra-yāmabhis 'unwearied in course', a-dhvasmábhis, áśmabhis, áśma-hanmabhis 'strokes of the thunderbolt', asu-hémabhis, ómabhis, klómabhis (VS. xxv. 8), brahmábhis, mayúra-romabhis peacock-haired', vīlu- pátmabhis 'flying strongly', su-kármabhis, su-mánmabhis, su-śármabhis. -n. ájmabhis, émabhis, kármabhis, tókmabhis (VS.xix. 81), trámabhis, dhármabhis, dhámabhis, námabhis, pátmabhis, bráhmabhis, bhárīmabhis 'nourishment', mánmabhis, yámabhis, várīmabhis, vaja-karmabhis4 (SV. TS. III. 2. 11¹) 'active in war', vája-bharmabhis (VIII. 1930) 'bringing reward', ví-gamabhis 'strides', śákmabhis, sámabhis, hávīmabhis. D. m. brahmábhyas. - n. dhámabhyas. - Ab. n. lómabhyas. - G.m.brahmánām. — 2. dur-námnām (AV.). — n. dhármaṇām, bráhmaṇām, mánmanām, mármaṇām (Kh.1. 55). - 2. áhi-nämnām 5 'animals named snake', sámnām (AV.). L. m. áśmasu (AV.). - n. kármasu, jánmasu, dhámasu, vármasu, sádmasu. 3. Stems in -van. 330. The-van stems are by far the most numerous of the three groups. They are chiefly verbal adjectives and are almost exclusively declined in the masculine. Hardly a dozen of them make neuter forms, and only five or six forms are used as feminines. 1 a. The few feminine forms are cases of adjectives agreeing with f. substantives. They are: sing. N. sa-yúgvā (X. 1304) 'companion' (gayatrí), an-arvă (11. 406) irresistible (áditis); A. an-arvánam (X. 92¹4) irresistible' (áditim); du. N. sam-sthắvānā (VIII. 374) 'standing together' (ródasi); pl. I. indhan-vabhis 6 (II. 345) flaming' (dhenúbhis); G. sahasra-davnam (1. 175) ‘giving a thousand gifts' (sumatīnam). The f. of these stems is otherwise formed with, which is however never added to -van, but regularly to a collateral suffix •vara?. Twenty-five such stems in -varī are found in the RV. and several additional ones in the later Samhitãs. It is perhaps most convenient to enumerate them here: agrétvarī-8 (AV.) 'going in front', abhi-kŕtvari bewitching' (AV.), abhi-bhúvari- 'superior', abhitvarī-9 (TS. VS.) 'attacking', ultāna-sivarī- (AV.) 'lying extended', rtávarī- 'regular', eva-yávari- 'going quickly', kŕtvarī- (AV.) 'bewitcher', talpa-sivari 'lying on a couch', nis-șidhvari- bestowing', pivari fat', purva-jávarī- born before', pra-svarī furnished with flowers', bahu-süvari- bearing many children', bhuri-davari- 'munificent', matari-bhvari-10 being with her mother', mātari-švarī- 11 (AV.) 'mother-growing', yújvarī- 'worshipping', vákvarī- ‘rolling', vahya-sivari- (AV.) 'reclining on a couch', vi-bhavarī- 'brilliant', vi-mŕgvarī- (AV.) 'cleansing', śákvarī- (powerful) a kind of metre, sárvari-12 (star-spangled) night', śrustīvári- obedient', sveta- yuvari 'white-flowing', sam-sisvarī- 13 having a calf in common', sa-jitvarī victorious', sa-yávari- 'accompanying', sumnāvárī- gracious', sūnṛtāvarī-14 'glorious', sýtvari- “stream- ing', svadhávari- 'constant'. 7 The f. atharvi-, formed from átharvan- fire-priest', is quite exceptional. 8 That is, agra-i-t-varī-. 9 That is, abhi-i-t-varī-. 3 This lengthening is found in neither -van stems nor -an stems, except áha and šīrşd, which may be formed from transfer stems and in which the Pada as well as the Samhita text has the long vowel. 10 From what only seems to be a van stem which really = -bhu-an-. ¹¹ This seems to be a corruption in AV. V. 29 of mataribhvarī in the corresponding passage of the RV. 4 vája-karmabhis is a v. I. of vaja-bharmabhis, and both adjectives as agreeing with itibhis have the value' of feminines. 12 The f. of sarvara- 'variegated' occurring in api-sarvará. early morning'; a stem śár-van- does not occur. 5 The G. chando-nāménām (VS. IV. 24)| 'named metre' seems to be a transfer to 13 The f. of what only seems to be a stem the a-declension. śiśu-an-. in van but is really 14 Also sūnrtávatī-. ¹ Perhaps singular. 2 The Pada text has always à in this and the following forms. 6 Formed from indhana- 'fuel', with loss of the final vowel.