Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/216

 I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. Pl. N. V. m. ukṣāņas (VS. XXIV. 13), tigmá-mürdhānas 'sharp-edged', pántharas (AV.), mürdhanas, vivanas, rájänas, anas. vowel: uksanas, rbhu-ksánas, výsaņas. With short N. A. n. 1. aksani, asthani (TS. IV. 7. 1), áhani, strsini, saktháni. 2. úha, sirsa ². A. m. 1. matar-kvanas, uksáņas, vįsaņas. — 2. ukṣṇás, jana-rájñas 'king of men', majjnás (AV.), mūrdhnás, yama-rajñas 'subject to Yama', rajas. esnas. 3. vúnas, Súnas. 206 - I. m. uksábhis3, yuvabhis, rájabhis, isabhis, nibhis (Kh. v. 157) +. n. aksábhis, asthábhis, áhabhis, asábhis, udábhis, údhabhis, mahábhis, vṛṣabhis, sakabhis (TS. v. 7. 23), su-kita-karmabhis (Kh. II. 12³) 'doing good deeds' 5. D. m. tikṣabhyas (VS.), majjábhyas (TS. VS. xXXIX. 10), pivabhyas, rájabhyas, Svábhyas (AV. VS.). — n. asthábhyas (VS. XXXIX. 10; TS. v. 2. 13), ihabhyas. Ab. m. majjábhyas (AV.). — n. áhabhyas. - G. m. snam, rájnam (VS. AV.), sinam (AV.). -n. áhnam 6. L. m. majjásu (AV.), yama-rājasu (AV.), rájasu. -n. áhasu, sirşásu. 2. Stems in -man. 328. These stems are about equally divided between the masculine and the neuter gender, the former being agent nouns, the latter verbal abstracts. These stems seem to have been used normally for the f. as well as the m.; for though no simple stem in -man occurs as a f., about a dozen of them are used as f. at the end of compounds, while no certain example appears in the RV. of a f. being formed by adding - to -man. A peculiarity of the inflexion of the stems in man, as compared with those in -an and -r'an, is that in the syncopated forms of the I. sing. several words drop the m, while two drop the of the suffix; e. g. mahinds for mahimni, and raśmá for rasmná. - a. The f. forms which occur at the end of compounds are: Sing. N. puri-šarmà (VS. x. 9) ‘giving wide shelter' (aditi), sá-lakṣmā (x. 10ª) 'similar'; A. dyutád-vāmānam (V. S0¹) 'having a shining course (usásam); su-tármānam (VIII. 423) easily conveying across' (návam), su-trắmānam (x.630) protecting well' (ytkivim), su-sármānam (X.6310) granting secure refuge' (áditim): V. árişta-bharman (VIII. 18+) 'yielding security (ite, prthu-yaman (VI. 644) 'having a broad path' (duhitar); Du. N. su-jánmani? (1. 160¹) producing fair things (dhisane); Pl. A. sci-janmanas (VI. 393) of radiant birth' (usasas): 1. vaja-bharmabhis (VIII. 1930) winning rewards' (utíbhis), su-kårmabhis (IX. 70*) 'skilful' (fingers); G. Jukrá- saamanām (VI. 475) having a bright dwelling-place' (uşásām) 10. From naman 'name' the AV. forms with the f. stem-nam at the end of five compounds: dur-uðmui- ill- named', páñca-nāmni- 'having five names', mahd-nämn-great-named', švá-nāmuī- “having all names', sahásra-nămní “thousand-named'. The f. dur-adman-i- (VS. 11. 20) ‘noxious food' is perhaps similarly formed ¹¹. In the corresponding passage of VS. (XVIII. 3) ásthīni. 2 Both these might be formed from the transition a-stems dha, dirşa-. This is per- haps the reason why these are the only two | zeiger 17. plurals of this declension which retain the à in the Pada text; áha appears in I. 92³. 3 The form ni-kamabhis ‘enger' for ni kāmais is due to the parallelism of evayavabhis in x. 92⁹. 4 There is also a transition form áśnais 'stones', beside the stem áðan-. 5 Tbe unique form naktábhís (as if from a stem naktán-) is doubtless used for metrical reasons instead of naktam in VII. 104¹8. There is also the transition form áhānām. 7 The AV. has five stems thus formed at the end of compounds. 8 Cp. BLOOMFIELD, BB. 23, 105 ff., AJPh. 16, 409-434; BARTHOLOMAE IF. S, An- 9 With the ending of the neuter; see LANMAN 433 (top). 10 Possibly also susimā (11. 327) 'bearing well'; but it is derived from s-ma-according to BR. and GRASSMANN. The f. brahmi- (IX. 335) formed from bráhman- is quite exceptional, being due to a play on words (see LANMAN 528). The form tmányā mána in sense, occurring twice in the RV., may be an I. sing. f. of tmán-i-: cp. GRASSMANN and BR. www