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 NOTE The reader should bear In mind throughout that the date of the Domesday Survey is 1086 ; that King Edward, to whose time it refers as ' T.R.E.', died January 5, 1066 ; that the ' hide ' was the unit of assessment on which the (Dane)geld was paid, and that the 'virgate ' was its quarter. The essential portion of the plough ('caruca') was its team of oxen, eight in number. The ' demesne ' was the lord's portion of the manor, the peasantry holding the rest of it under him ; and a ' berewick ' was an outlying estate dependent on the chief manor. The woodland measures and the names of the agricultural classes are discussed in the Introduction. 281