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 MARINE ZOOLOGY 17. Cellaria sinuosa, Hassal. A much stouter species than the last, and consequently there are a greater number of zooecia in the circumference. The upper margins of the zooecia are curved, not straight as in C. fistu/osa, and the segments of the stem are much longer. The colour is a light buiF. From deep water ; rare. Hastings. Flustrid^ 18. Flustra foliacea, Linnaeus. Colonies forming long, flat, branching expansions, of a horny consistence, and with zocecia arranged in lines and covering both surfaces. The zooecia are coffin- shaped and carry two spines at either of the upper corners. The whole face of the zooecium is membraneous. Very common upon shells, rock, etc. Hastings. 1 9. Flustra papyracea, Ellis and Solander. This species occurs in the form of rather close tufts or rosettes about 2 inches in height. Zooecia oblong, with only one spine at either upper corner. Colour buff ; not uncommon. Hastings. Membraniporid^ 20. Memhranipora lacroixii, Audouin. Aperture of zooecia oval, margin more or less beaded. It occurs upon rocks and stones at low tide, also upon shells, in three forms, viz. one producing considerable and uniform patches of stone ; secondly, it forms dendritic, and rather radiating pat- terns ; and, thirdly, there is a form with spines around the apertures, and producing colonies of a more or less close outline. Common. Hastings. 21. Memhranipora monostachys^ Busk. Aperture of zooecium oval, not occupy- ing the whole width ; generally with one short and stout spine at the bottom, and often one or more on either side in the upper part ; occasionally there are none. The form of the colony is characteristic and might be expressed as erratically den- dritic. Upon rock along the beach. Not very common. Hastings. 22. Memhranipora catenularia, Jameson. Zooecia in single series, branches being given off at an open angle and uniting with others, thus forming reticulated pat- terns. The zooecia are pear-shaped with oval and moderate sized apertures. Upon old shell of Cardium norvegicum from deep water. Rare. Hastings. 23. Memhranipora piloia^ Linnsus. Zooecia glassy, perforated, with oval aperture occupying the full width of zooecium, and armed with spines of which one at the bottom is very long and of a horny nature. Very common upon almost every object. Memhranipora pilosa var. dentata^ hav- ing a short spine instead of a long one at the bottom of the aperture, is also common. Ranging from shore to deep water. Hast- ings. 24. Memhranipora memhranacea, Linnaeus. Covering rock and weed at low tide. Zooecium coffin-shaped, brown, leathery, wrinkled, with a long spine upon the upper margin on either side, and occasionally one between them. Common. Hastings. 25. Memhranipora spiniferay Johnston.* Hastings. 26. Memhranipora dumerillii, Audouin. Zooecia form pearly patches upon rocks and stones at low water, also upon shells. They are oval to sub-triangular, with two spines on either side of aperture ; in some specimens the spines are abnormally long. Common. Hastings. 27. Memhranipora solidula. Alder and Hincks.* Hastings. 28. Memhranipora aurita, Hincks. Forming patches upon stone at low tide. Zooecium ovately oblong ; margin finely beaded, with a spine upon one side only, below the aperture. Not uncommon. Hastings. 29. Memhranipora fiemingii, Busk. Zooecium ovate, aperture sub-triangular and occupying rather more than half the front area, the other portion forming a calcareous wall. There are three spines upon either side of the upper half of the aperture. Upon scallop shells ; rather rare. Hastings. 30. Memhranipora rosse/ii, Audouin. Zooecium coffin-shaped, margin strongly beaded, aperture sub-triangular and occupy- ing barely half the length of the zooecium; colonies forming patches upon rock and shells. From moderately deep water; rather rare. Hastings. 31. Memhranipora savartii, Audouin. Forming considerable patches upon old shells of oyster, Lutrarta, etc. The zocecia 87