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 A HISTORY OF SUFFOLK Of the twelve British Chrysopaty all but C. abbrevlata have been observed by me here ; the large C. vlttata was flying in Bentley Woods in June ; C. Jlava, flavtfrons, tenella, septempunctata^ and the widely distributed C. phyllochroma are all attracted to electric light in Ipswich ; C. alba was taken about Lowestoft ; C.prasina and C. ventralis in Bentley Woods (Mr. Gimingham has also found the latter recently at Dunwich) ; C. vulgaris and C. perla are generally distributed, the former often occurring on reeds in salt-marshes. The pretty scorpion-flies Panorpa communis and P. germanica are very widely spread ; and the rarer P. cognata occurs in Barnby Broad in July. I have once or twice noted Coniopteryx psociformis in the Bentley Woods in July ; C. lactta at Brandon, Foxhall, and Freston in Jime, and C. aUyrodiformis on elms and sallows at Wherstead and Foxhall. The water flies, caddis worms, or Trichoptera, are the only section of the Neuroptera, with the exception of the Plannipennia, which undergoes complete transformations, and is consequently known as holometabolic. The large and handsome Phryganea grandis, which I have bred from its larva at Ipswich, is not infrequent ; P. striata has turned up in my house at Monk Soham in May ; and Mr. A. Gibbs has taken several P. varia at sugar in the marshes at Orford. Neuronia ruficrus and Agrypnia Pagetana (which Curtis named after our Yarmouth observer) are uncommon ; I have taken the latter once or twice in the broads about Lowestoft, and Winter says that a fine specimen was captured by the River Waveney, near Beccles, in i860. Colpotaulius incisus is common, and GrammotauHus atomarius with Glyphotaelius pellucidus not rare. We have most of the extensive genus Limnophilus in Suffolk ; L. rhombicus, marmoratus, lunatus, politus, affinis, and sparsus are all common and widely distributed. L. nigriceps once occurred to me not uncommonly on the banks of the Gipping near Ipswich in October.' Mr. MacLachlan tells us L. borealis once turned up in some abundance in the Suffolk Broads.^" L. auricula has been found at Beccles, Brandon, and Tud- denham ; L. flavicornis and L. centralis in my garden at Monk Soham ; and L. extricatus once in July at Ipswich. L. hirsutus is probably abundant in the broads in June ; I have taken it at Milden- hall ; L. fuscicomis is not uncommon on sugar, and Anabolia nervosa often a perfect pest. Phacopteryx flew into light at Monk Soham House in September 1906. Stenophylax permistus, sequax (also taken at Monk Soham), and stellatus rarely put in an appearance about Ipswich, where, at electric light, on 23 April 1895, I caught the only British specimen of Mesophylax aspersus}^ Halesus radiatus and Chaetopteryx villosa are quite common ; but Sericostoma personatum has only occurred to me at Farn- ham, on the banks of the Aide, and on those of Belstead Brook at Wherstead. Notidobia ciliaris a.nd GSera pilosa are widely distributed, though I have taken but one Lepidostoma hirtum near Ipswich in July, in which month Agrayka multipunctata has been attracted to artificial light at Southwold. Winter records Hydroptila pulchricornis from Aldeby, and I have found H. wj/a/zV abundantly on reeds at Brandon and Claydon Bridge. Of the Leptoceridae, Molanna angustata is common and, with Leptocerus fiilvus, senilis, cinereus, and aterrimus, may be seen flying low on the surface of the Gipping and Little Ouse. I have observed Triaenodes bicolor at Oulton Broad and Walberswick ; and T. conspersa has been attracted to electric light in the middle of Ipswich. The pretty little Mystacides nigra and azurea are not rare at Brandon and Ipswich ; I took M. longicornis in Beccles in September 1907, and I have since confirmed what MacLachlan thought^ was probably a mangled Oecetis lacustris a.t Blakenham, while Adicella reducta has turned up in June at Tuddenham Fen, and Setodes tineiformis in August in Barnby Broad. Hydropsyche angustipennis and H, guttata are probably common, Tinodes waeneri being abundant everywhere from Brandon to the Gipping. Lype phaeopa has occurred by sweeping at Belstead and on the banks of the Little Ouse and of the Gipping ; and Plectrocnemia conspersa occasionally flies to sugar in Ipswich, Tuddenham Fen, and Bentley Woods. I have only seen Polycentropus fiavomacu- latus at Nayland, Icklingham, and Brandon, though Holocentropus picicomis seems to have a wide range about Bramford, Barnby Broad, Southwold, and Lowestoft. Towards the end of April 1897 I was so fortunate as to make the third British capture of H. stagnalis,. Alb., in the Bramford marshes ; " there was no sign of it in the same locality at the beginning of May 1898 ; but on the 9th of that month in 1899 it swarmed upon the water-weeds of one particular pond there, and I captured a fine series. Of the rest, Cyrnus trimaculatus is not uncommon from Ipswich to Blaken- ham, often upon Scrophularia ; Agapetus fuscipes and Berea pullata are found at Foxhall, though the former appears to be uncommon there ; and in July 1903 I swept B. maurus in Tuddenham Fen. From the above accoimt of the Neuroptera, in the broadest sense of the term, which have been actually observed in Suffolk, it is evident that there are but 164 species, including Hydroptila pulchri- cornis, which Winter records as having been abundant on the railway bridge across the Waveney, near Aldeby, which connects this county with Norfolk. This is indeed a small total for our well- watered county, when we consider that nearly 450 kinds have been found in Britain. ' Cf. Ent. Mo. Mag. 1898, p. zi. '" Trans. Ent. Soc. 1865, p. 39. " CLEnt. Mo. Mag. Nov. 1895. " Ibid. 1897, p. 266. " Ibid. 1897, p. 280. 106