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 A HISTORY OF LONDON CoUinson, Congregational minister of Walthamstow, being the first tutor. Although the foundation is unsectarian, all his successors have been Congregationalists, and Hackney College has become a recognized Congre- gational institution. In 1887 it was removed to West Hampstead, retaining its old name. The foundation in 1827 of University College led to new educational developments."* An academy conducted by Dr. Philip Doddridge at Northampton since 1729 had been removed at his death in 1751 to Daventry ; thence in 1790 back to Northampton, and in 1799 to Wymondley, Hertford- shire. In 1833 it was again removed to London, the students being housed in Byng Place, Torrington Square, and attending classes in arts at University College. The institution was named Coward College, after a liberal benefactor in the i8th century. This arrangement only continued till 1850, when Coward, Highbury, and Homerton Colleges were amalgamated as New College, Hampstead. Fifty years later arrangements were made for inter- change of tutorial services between New, Hackney, and Regent's Park Colleges, and in 1903 all three were recognized as divinity schools of the reconstructed London University. A Wesleyan Theological Institution was commenced in Hoxton in 1834, which in 1843 was transferred to Richmond. The Theological- College of the Presbyterian Church in England was estab- lished in Guilford Street in 1844. It was removed in 1899 to Cambridge, where it is known as Westminster College. APPENDIX I ECCLESUSTICAL DiriSIONS The City of London has from early times formed one of the archdeaconries of the diocese of London. There were formerly, however, certain exceptions to the rule of the archdeacon. Thirteen parishes * — those of St. Mary le Bow, All Hallows Bread Street, All Hallows Lombard Street, St. Dionis Backchurch, St. Dunstan in the East, St. John the Evangelist, St. Leonard Eastcheap, St. Mary Aldermary, St. Mary Bothaw, St. Michael Crooked Lane, St. Michael Paternoster Royal, St. Pancras Soper Lane, and St. Vedast — were peculiars of the Archbishop of Canterbury under the Dean of the Court of Arches. The Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's also claimed peculiar rights in certain parishes. New- court," whose Repertorium was published in 1708, names four parishes, St. Giles Cripplegate, St. Gregory, St. Faith and St. Helen, as peculiars of the Dean and Chapter and entirely free from the archdeacon's jurisdiction. He adds, however, that in the precinct of Portpool in St. Andrew's Holborn the Dean and Chapter swore one churchwarden and proved wills, and that both Norton Folgate (asserted by the inhabitants to be a parcel of St. Faith's), and Goswell Street in St. Botolph's without Aldersgate were under the same jurisdiction for testamentary purposes. About a century later, however, the Bishop of London certified^ that the peculiars of the Dean and Chapter in the City were St. Austin with St. Faith, St. Benet Paul's Wharf, St. Peter Paul's Wharf, St. Giles Cripplegate, St. Helen, St. Mary Magdalen Old Fish Street, with St. Gregory, St. Michael Bassishaw and St. Peter le Poer. Also the religious houses, the Inns of Court, the Temple and the precinct of the Rolls covered a considerable portion of the area of the City and its liberties without the walls. As early as the reign of Henry VI, probably about the year 1430,* the parish of St. Augustine Pappey was united with that of All Hallows London Wall, and the church of St. Augustine granted to the brethren of the Pappey. It was pulled down on the suppression of this fraternity in the reign '" Cal. of Assoc. Coll. (1892), 52-6. ' Certificate of the Bishop of London, 1810, in Fahr Eccl. (Rec. Com.), i, App. p. 460. The list in the Falor itself, p. 370, omits St. Michael Royal. 400
 * Repcrt. i, 56, 57. ' Falor Eccl. i, App. p. 460. * Newcourt, Repcrt. i, 258.