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 FISHES with AI. chelo, the two species being very simi- lar, but I am not aware of any certain record of the occurrence of the former fish. 66. Greater Sand-eel. Ammodytes lanceolatus, Lesauv. Not a common fish in Lancashire waters, but a specimen has been taken in Morecambe Bay. 67. Lesser Sand-eel. Ammodytes tobianus, Linn. Much commoner than the greater sand-eel. It is caught almost everywhere in shallow waters, and is a common fish in the shrimp nets. There is a fishery for sand-eels at Fleetwood, where they are simply dug out of the sand, 68. Garfish or Greenbone. Belone vulgaris, Will. The occurrence of this fish is rather capricious. It is occasionally taken in Ulverston Channel in stake nets, and it has been caught in the Queen's Dock at Liverpool and in the Man- chester Ship Canal at Eastham ! 69 HEMIBRANCHII Gasterosteus acu- occurs near Piel Three-spined Stickleback. leatuSy Linn. Locally, Jack Sharp. A semi-marine species. It in the Barrow Channel. gitius, Linn. This stickleback is recorded by Scott from the Barrow Channel. 7 1 . Fifteen - spined Stickleback. Gasterosteus spinachia, Linn. Scott has recorded this fish from Morecambe Bay and from the Barrow Channel. Sticklebacks are often infested with the Myxo- sporidian parasite, Glugea anomala, which forms little globular swellings underneath the skin. A number of these fishes from a pond in the public park, Preston, were sent to me some time ago, all infested with this Sporozoon. Ap- parently the parasite caused no inconvenience to the fishes. LOPHOBRANCHII 72. Broad-nosed Pipe-fish. Siphonostoma typhle, Linn. A shore fish which is very rare in Lancashire waters. 73. Pipe-fish. Syngnathus acus, Linn. This is the common pipe-fish. It is got very frequently in the shrimp nets and in the shore pools. PLECTOGNATHI 74. Sun fish. Orthagoriscus mola (Linn.) This fish must be very rare off the north-west coast of England. It is recorded in the stock books of the Liverpool Public Museum as having been taken * off Southport' in 1664. I am not aware of any other record of its occurrence in the North Sea. HAPLOMI Common in rivers and meres. OSTARIOPHYSI In Bryerly's time^ the carp was common in ponds and streams, but it is certainly much rarer now. 77. Roach. Leuciscus rutilus (Linn.) Not uncommon. 78. Chub. Leuciscus cephalus (Linn.) Not at all common. Bryerly states that Leuciscus lancastriensis was common in 1856 in the streams about War- rington. L. lancastriensis is identical with L. vulgaris. Common. This is Bryerly's L. caeruleus. Common in ponds. In ponds and streams. Bryerly recorded this fish from the Weaver. lar, Rond. Not uncommon in smaller streams. 1 Isaac Bryerly, Tama of Liverpool, 1856. MALACOPTERYGII Taken by seine nets, 'hang-nets,' 'heaves.' This fish also occurs frequently in the stake nets in Morecambe Bay and elsewhere, and it is sometimes taken in the trawl. Our knowledge of the salmon in the open sea is very scanty. In 1901 a salmon smolt about :^ lb. in weight was taken by the fishery steamer "John Fell, off Blackpool, about two miles from land. This fish was feeding voraciously, when taken, on young fish (sprats or herrings), and its stomach also contained the remains of brittle stars and 185 24
 * jo. Ten-Spined Stickleback. Gasterosteus pun-
 * 75. Pike. Esox Indus, Linn.
 * 76. Carp. Cyprinus carpio, Linn.
 * 79. Dace. Leuciscus vulgaris (Linn.)
 * 8o. Minnow. Leuciscus phoxinus (Linn.)
 * 8i. Rudd. Leuciscus erythrophthalmus (Linn.)
 * 82. Tench. Tinea vulgaris, Linn.
 * 83. Bream. Ahramis brama (Linn.)
 * 84. White Bream. Abramis blicca (Bloch)
 * 85. Loach or ' Beardie.' Nemacheilus barbatu-
 * 86. Salmon. Salmo salar, Linn.