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 SPIDERS rivers and streams, or the sandy margins of the lakes in those regions. Known also as Lycosa ^uviati/is, Blackwall. 72. Pardosa nlff-'tcefs, Thorell. Coniston ; Southport (A. R. J.). Occurs commonly throughout the heather districts on the fells. Known also as Lycosa nigriceps and Ly- cosa congener, O. P.-Cambridge. 73. Pardosa traillii, O. P.-Cambridge. Coniston. Not uncommon among the ' screes ' or loose stones lying beneath the hills at a natural angle. They dash away amongst the stones, and are exceedingly difficult to capture. Known' also as Lycosa traillii. 74. Pardosa pullata, Clerck. Duddon Vale (E. T. C.) ; Southport (O. P.-C, A.R.J.). The commonest of all the species of this genus, with the exception, perhaps, of P. amentata. Known also as Lycosa pullata and Lycosa obscura, Blackwall. 75. Pardosa hgubris, Walckenaer. Grange. A very abundant spider in the spring, running rapidly over the dead leaves in the woods. Known also as Lycosa lugubris. 76. Pardosa palustris, Linnaeus. Southport (O. P.-C, A. R. J.) ; Duddon Vale. A small species with a narrow yellow line down the carapace. Known also as Lycosa palustris and Lycosa exigua, Blackwall (ad partem). 77. Pardosa monticola, C. L. Koch. Southport (O. P.-C, A. R. J.) ; Coniston ; War- rington (L. G.). Very similar to the last, rather larger, found on higher ground, with a dilatation of the central yellow stripe on the carapace, behind the eyes. Known also as Lycosa monticola and Lycosa exigua, Blackwall (ad partem). 78. Pardosa Purbeckensis, F. O. P.-Cambridge. Birkdale ; Southport, W. Falconer (O. P.-C, A.R.J.). AGELENID^ Spiders with eight eyes, situated in two transverse rows. Legs with three tarsal claws. The species of this family spin a large sheet-like web, and construct a tubular retreat at the back of it, which leads to some crevice amongst the rocks, or the herbage, or the chinks in the walls of outhouses, wherever the various species may happen to be found. The posterior pair of spinners is usually much longer than the other two pairs. 79. Cryphaeca sihicola, C L. Koch. Duddon Vale ; Coniston. Not uncommon beneath stones on the fells. Known also as Tegenaria sihicola and Hahnia sihicola and Agekna hyndmonii, Templeton. 80. Amaurobius atropos, Walckenaer. Duddon Vale ; Coniston Fells ; Southport (A.R.J.). Abundant throughout the fell districts up to the altitude of 3,000 feet. It is found under logs of wood, 149 in stone walls, or beneath isolated stones, where a sheet of white webbing often betrays the presence of the spider. A long tube runs beneath the log or stone, and both male and female can be found living together at the end ; while later the young spiders will be found spending the early days of their childhood with their mother. Known also as Ccelotes saxatilis, Blackwall, and Coelotes atropos. 8 1 . Argyroneta aquatica, Linnaeus. Warrington (L. G.) ; Southport (O. P.-C). This is the well-known water-spider, which makes a silken nest beneath the surface, and swims and dives freely, hatching out its young within the nest. 82. Textrix denticulata, Olivier. Duddon Vale ; Coniston Fells. A very abundant swiftly-moving spider found under the loose coping-stones of walls throughout the fell districts. It may be recognized by the red dentate band on the abdomen, which is sometimes almost white. Known also as Textrix lycosina, Sundevall. 83. Tegenaria atrica, C. L. Koch. Garstang (L. G.) ; Southport (A. R. J.). A very large species, the male having much longer legs than the female ; not uncommon in cellars and outhouses, and also in holes in banks and in rabbit- burrows on the sandhills. 84. Tegenaria derhamii, Scopoli. Southport (O. P.-C, A. R. J.) ; Warrington (L.G.). A smaller, paler spider, and more common than the last named ; almost entirely confined to houses and outbuildings. Known also as Tegenaria civilis, Walck- enaer. 85. Tegenaria sihestris, L. Koch. Duddon Vale. A still smaller species, sometimes not uncommon amongst rockeries in greenhouses and gardens. Known also to English arachnologists as Tegenaria campestris, C L. Koch. 86. Agekna labyrinthica, Clerck. Warrington (L. G.) ; Southport (O. P.-C, A.R.J ). A common spider, large, when full grown, and spinning a huge, sheet-like, white web over the herbage, with a ftmnel-shaped tubular retreat. Like others of the family, the posterior pair of spinners is formed of two distinct segments, the end one being very long and slender. 87. Agekna Imgpes, Carpenter. Southport (A. R. J. and O. P.-C). The example recorded is as yet unique. 88. Hahnia montana, Blackwall. Coniston Fells ; Southport (A. R. J.). Common in the heath districts. 89. Hahnia nava, Blackwall. Southport (A. R. J.). 90. Antistea ekgans, Blackwall. Duddon Vale ; Southport (A. R. J.). Not uncommon amongst the roots of aquatic plants close to the surface of the water, especially in the ' Mosses.' Known also as Hahnia and Agekna ekgans, Blackwall.