Page:VCH Essex 1.djvu/629

 THE HOLDERS OF LANDS 30 swine, (and) 1 1 acres of meadow, (and) I mill. It was then worth 40 shillings ; now 60 ; and (this) is (included) in the valuation of Stansteda [Stansted in Halstead], (that is) in (the) 9 pounds. 1 XLV. THE LAND OF WILLIAM DE SCOHIES* HUNDRET OF ANGRA [ONGAR] MORTUNA [Moreton], which was held by Sexi' as a manor and as i hide and 20 acres, is held by William in demesne.* Then 4 villeins; now 3. Then as now (semper) 16 bordars. Then 6 serfs ; now 4. Then and afterwards 3 ploughs on the demesne ; now 2. Then and afterwards 2 ploughs belonging to the men ; now i^. (There is) wood(land) for 400 swine, (and) 20 acres of meadow. Then * rounceys (runcini) ; now 4. Then 8 cows and 6 calves ; now 1 1 beasts (animalia). 6 (There are) now 36 sheep. Then 60 swine; now 14. Then 30 goats; now 60. It was then worth 8 pounds ; now 10. And I free man held 43^ acres ; now Wil- liam has annexed them (invasit) ; and (the man) did not belong to this manor ; Ralf holds (this) of William (de eo) ; then as now (semper) i villein (was there), and 2 bordars, and i serf, and I plough on the demesne, and fo. 89 half a plough belonging to the men ; it is worth now as then (semper) 20 shillings, but hitherto (William) has had 30 shillings. 6 XLVI. THE LAND OF ROGER OF POITOU [PICTAVENSIS] 7 HUNDRET OF LESSENDENA [LEXDEN] BURA [(Mount) Bures] was held by Ulmer as a manor and as I hide. Now R[oger] holds it for as much (pro tantundem). Then 6 villeins ; and the same when (he) received * (it) ; now 5. Then as now (semper) 9 bor- dars. Then and afterwards 8 6 serfs ; now ties, in Dorset, and on the Welsh border. 8 It was he who gave the church of Moreton to the Abbey of St. Stephen, Caen. 5 Here again animaKa seems to be used to de- note or to include cows. 6 Compare the cases in Introduction, pp. 363-4. 7 A younger son of Roger de Montgomeri, Earl of Shrewsbury, and holder, like his father, of a vast fief. 8 This is a good instance of thc/brmu/<r ' quando recepit * and ' post ' being used indifferently to 4. Then and afterwards 3 ploughs on the demesne ; now 2. Then and afterwards 3 ploughs belonging to the men ; now i|. (There is) wood(land) for 300 swine, 12 acres of meadow, and now as then (semper) i mill. And further (adhuc) there belong now as then (semper) 3 villeins and 2 bordars who have I plough. 9 (There were) then 2 rounceys (runcini), 14 beasts (animalia), 80 sheep, 28 swine, (and) 26 goats ; now 7 beasts, 54 sheep, (and) 6 swine. It was then worth 7 pounds ; now 1 1 ; and when re- ceived, the same. 10 And 8 free men held half a hide and 30 acres ; then as now (semper) 3 ploughs (were there), and (there are) 3 acres of meadow, (with) wood(land) for 30 swine ; this is appraised above. 11 BERCOLT [(West) Bergholt] was held by Lewin Croc ls as a manor and as i hide and 25 acres. Now Roger holds it similarly (simi/iter ls ). Then 7 villeins ; afterwards and now 5. Then 5 bordars ; and when (he) received (it) 7 ; now 5. Then as now (semper) 2 serfs. Then and afterwards 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i. Then and afterwards 2 ploughs belonging to the men ; now I. (There is) wood(land) for 300 swine, 8 acres of meadow, (and) now as then (semper) i mill. To this manor belongs a detached estate (i terewita) which is called BRADEFELDA u [Bradfield ?] (and is held) as denote the intervening date between 1066 and 1086. 9 This is an abnormal clause. 10 i.e. 1 1 pounds. 11 i.e. the value of this holding is included in that of the whole manor. 18 As Lefwin' (i.e. Lcofwine) Croc he had similarly preceded Roger in possession of the manor of Buxhall, Suffolk (fo. 350), of which an intervening holder was Girald', that is to say, the ' Reimund Girald ' who had similarly been the intervening holder, I have suggested (p. 354 above), in Essex. 13 This is the equivalent of ' pro tantundem ' in the entry of the manor preceding. 14 This is a very difficult passage. It will be seen on the next page that Bradfield in Tendring Hundred was and had been held by the same lord, but it seems improbable that part of this distant parish should be entered as a mere berewite of Bergholt, and then another part entered under Bradfield itself. Moreover the local pronunciation of Bergholt as ' Barfel ' or ' Barfold ' may preserve the memory of a lost place-name. On the other hand it will be observed that the spelling of the name ' Bradefelda ' is alike in both entries. Lastly, ' Bradefelde ' is the name of a ' terra ' in Fordham or Bergholt mentioned in the cartulary of St. John's, Colchester (pp. 178, 279, 469), but hardly as a separate estate. 551
 * See p. 550, note 6, above.
 * A tenant-in- chief in the three eastern coun-
 * The number is omitted in the MS.