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 THE HOLDERS OF LANDS ploughs on the demesne. Then i plough belonging to the men ; now i. Then as now (simper) 2 villeins. Then 3 bordars ; now 5. Then 6 serfs ; now 4. (There are) 1 8 acres of meadow, and i mill, and i soke- man with (de) 15 acres. Then i rouncey (runcinus), 4 beasts, and 4 calves, 60 sheep, (and) 1 6 swine ; now 2 rounceys, 4 cows, 1 and 4 calves, 80 sheep, (and) 36 swine. It is worth now as then (semper) 4 pounds. TERLINGA [Terling], which was held by Ailmar', a king's thegn,* as a manor and as 2 hides and 30 acres in King Edward's time, is held of R[anulf] by Richard. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne, and 3 ploughs belonging to the men. Then 1 1 vil- leins ; now 5. (There are) now n bordars. Then 5 serfs ; now none. (There is) wood- (land) for 1 50 swine, 20 acres of meadow, (and) fo. Tab pasture for 100 sheep. 8 Then i mill ; now 2. And (there belong to this manor) 2 houses in Colchester ; one renders 6 pence, and the other 14 (pence). And (there is) i free man with (de) 5 acres, and he used to render 10 pence to RanulPs predecessor, and Rfanulf] now receives the same (s'tmir). Then 12 beasts (anima/ia), 180 sheep, 50 goats, (and) 40 swine ; now 2 rounceys (runcinf), and 2 colts (pulli), 8 beasts, 75 sheep, 16 goats, (and) 34 swine. It was then worth 8 pounds ; and when received, the same ; now 6 pounds. FAIRSTEDA [Fairsted], which was held by Brictmar as a manor and as 55 acres 4 in King Edward's time, is held (of Ranulf) by Turold. Then as now 2 ploughs on the demesne, and 2 ploughs belonging to the men, and 4 villeins. Then 7 bordars; now 10. Then 4 serfs ; now 3. (There is) wood(land) for 100 swine, 40 acres of meadow, pasture worth (de) 4 pence, (and) now i mill. Then I rouncey (runcinus), 1 3 sheep, (and) 6 swine ; now 2 rounceys, 124 sheep, 32 swine, 4 cows with calves, (and) 3 hives of bees. And, in King Edward's time, 15 acres be- longed (jacebant) there, of which Saswal' 1 Here the cows (vaectr) obviously represent the beasts (animalia), as if the terms had the same meaning (see Introduction, p. 367, and p. 532, note 2, below. 1 This would clearly be the Ailmar* who had held Hatfield (Peverel). 1 This is one of the exceedingly rare cases of such pasture being mentioned as appurtenant to an inland manor (compare Introduction, p. 369). 4 This is a strangely low assessment. disseised (him), and they (now) belong (jacent) to the fief of Geoffrey de Magna Villa. 6 It was then worth 4 pounds; now 100 shil- lings. HUNDRET OF BfiVENTREU [BECONTRIE] HAME [(East and West) Ham 8 ], which was held by Alestan, a free man, as a manor and as 8 hides and 30 acres in King Edward's time, is held by R[anulf] in demesne. And King William gave this manor to R[anulf] Peverel (piperello) and Robert Gernon (grenoni). Then 5 ploughs on the demesne ; now 4. Then 8 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 12. Then 32 villeins ; now 48. Then 16 bordars ; now 79. Then as now (semper) 3 serfs. (There is) wood(land) for 100 swine, (and) 60 acres of meadow. Then 9 mills ; now 8. 7 Then I rouncey (runcinus), I cow, (and) 3 swine ; now 2 rounceys, 2 colts (pulli), 2 cows with calves, 20 swine, (and) 60 sheep. It was then worth 1 6 pounds ; and when they received (it), 12 pounds. It is now worth 24 pounds. And of this manor R[obert] Greno has a moiety. HUNDRET OF DOMMAWA [DUNMOW] CICCHENAI [Chickney], which was held by Siward, a ( c i ') thegn of King Edward, 8 as a manor and as 2^ hides, is held of R[anulf] by Garin'. 6 Then as now (semper) 3 ploughs on the demesne, and 2 ploughs belonging to the men. Then 2 villeins ; now none. Then 7 bordars ; now I priest and 14 bordars. (There is) wood(land) for 60 swine, (and) 20 acres of meadow. Then 2 rounceys (runcini), 3 cows with calves, 60 sheep, 20 swine, (and) 24 goats ; now 3 rounceys, 6 cows (with) calves, 100 sheep, 30 swine, (and) 30 goats. fo. 73 It was then worth 100 shillings ; now 7 pounds. 6 Geoffrey de Mandeville held at Notley and Ridley Hall close to Fairstcad, but his tenant at both was Walter. There is no mention of these I 5 acres under Geoffrey's fief, and Scw.il (Saswalo), though an under-tenant of his in other counties, does not occur as such in Essex. 8 This is the duplicate, mutatis mutandis, of the entry on p. 515 above. i See p. 515, note 2. 8 See Introduction, p. 346. 9 He was also the under-tenant of all Ranulfs manors in Norfolk except Billingford, which was held by Humfrey (on whom see p. 532, note 5, below). His holding was represented under John by 5 knight's fees, then in the hands of William, and afterwards of Mathcw, Peverel. 527