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 A HISTORY OF ESSEX the same ; now 4 pounds. Then there were there 5 free men with i^ hides ; now (there are) 4 men ; then i?r ploughs (were there) ; now I. Then I bordar ; now 3. Then I serf; now none ; it was then worth 30 shillings ; now 20. TOLESHUNTA [Tolleshunt 1 ], which was held by Ailmar' * as a manor and as 3 hides and 8 acres, is held of R[alf] by Bernard. Then 4 villeins ; now 8. Then as now (semper) 5 bordars. Then 4 serfs j now i. Then as now (semper) i^ ploughs on the demesne, and 2 ploughs belonging to the men. (There is) wood(land) for 200 swine, (and) pasture for 2O sheep. (There are) 5 saltpans. Then 2 rounceys (runcini), 6 beasts (animalia), 2O swine, (and) 100 sheep ; now 2 rounceys, 5 beasts, 20 swine, 100 sheep, (and) 28 goats. It is worth now as then (semper) 60 shillings. In the same vill (are) 8 free men with (de) i hides and 14 acres; then as now (semper) 2 bordars (were there), and 2 ploughs ; it is worth 20 shillings ; R[alf] Baignard has this land by exchange (pro escangid). XXXIIII. THE LANDS 3 OF RANULF PEVEREL [PIPERELLI] HUNDRET OF BfiRDESTAPLA [BARSTABLfi] In BURA [Bowers (Gifford *)] Serlo holds of Ranulf I hide. 6 (There is) I plough (with) i serf. This was held by Alestan, a free man. (There is) pasture for 120 sheep. Then I rouncey (rundnus), 100 sheep, 14 swine, (and) 4 calves (vituli) ; now 2 roun- ceys, 100 sheep, 14 swine (and) 4 calves. It was then worth 2O shillings ; now 40. PHENGE [Vange 6 ], which was held by a 1 The identity of this manor is not satisfac- torily proved. Morant placed it, as Barnwalden (see note 523 above), in Tolleshunt Knights, but the mention of marsh (' pasture for sheep ') and of saltpans points to its touching the coast, which Tolleshunt Knights does not, though the other Tolleshunts do. 8 This was, not improbably, the ' Agelmarus ' of the preceding entry. Bishop ^Ethelmaer of East Anglia was entered in Domesday both as ' Agelmarus ' and as ' Ailmarus.' In any case this Ailmar' can be absolutely identified as the ' Ailmar' melc ' of an entry in the Survey of Colchester (p. 577, note 12, below). 8 The plural form (urn) is here employed. 4 This estate must have been granted out by the Crown to be held in serjeanty after the escheat of Ranulf's fief. 6 ' i hide ' is interlined. 8 This estate cannot be traced, unless it was combined with the one preceding it. free man as a manor and as i hide, is held or R[anulf] by the same Serlo. The free man (gut) became the man of Ranulf Peverel's pre- decessor in King William's time, but did not give him his land. When the king gave (the) land to Ranulf, he took seisin of this (saisivit illam) with the rest. 7 In this land (qua) there fo. 7 was then i plough ; now none. (There is) pasture for 30 sheep. It was then worth 20 shillings ; now 10. INGA [ ], which was held by Alsid' as a manor and as i hide and 20 acres in King Edward's time, is held (of Ranulf) by the same Serlo. Then as now (semper) i plough. Then 3 bordars ; now 4. (There is) wood(land) for 30 swine. It was then worth 2O shillings ; now IO. HUNDRET OF WITHAM HADFELDA [Hatfield (Peverel)], which was held by Ailmar' as a manor and as 9 hides and 82 acres, is held by R[anulf] in demesne. Then as now (semper) 5 ploughs on the demesne. Then 13 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 1 1. Then 1 2 villeins ; now 13. Then 12 bordars; now 38. Then 10 serfs ; now 7. (There is) wood(land) for 700 swine, (and) 50 acres of meadow. Then 2 mills ; now I. Then 6 rounceys (runcini), and 4 colts (pulli), and 6 cows, and 8 calves (vtt'), 150 sheep, (and) 100 swine; now 5 rounceys, 4 colts, 5 cows, 7 calves, 57 sheep, 39 swine, (and) 20 goats. It was then worth 1 6 pounds ; now 20 ; and the same when he received it. 8 Of this manor Serlo and Ernulf and Richard hold 3 hides and 20 acres ; 9 and (this) is worth 4 pounds in the above valua- tion (in eodem pretio). And 5 knights (milites) hold of R[anulf] 4 hides and 15 acres, which were held by 13 free men in King Edward's time ; then as now 7 ploughs (were there, and) 1 6 bordars, (and) 2 villeins, (and) 2 serfs, and I mill ; (this) is worth 4 pounds. BLUNDESHALA [Blunts Hall 10 ], which was held by Brictmar as a manor and as i hides in King Edward's time, is held of R[anulf] by Humfrey. 11 Then as now (semper) 2 7 This is an important, but difficult passage. 8 ' Et hoc manerium recepit tantum valens ut modo.' 9 Here again we find on the chief manor of the baron small holdings in the hands of his Norman followers (see p. 484, note 6, above). 10 A manor in Witham. 11 See p. 532, note 5, below. 526