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 THE HOLDERS OF LANDS HUNDRET OF WlBRICTESHERNA [DENGIE] EFFECESTRE [Bradwell-on-Sea '], which was held, in King Edward's time, by Ingulf, a free man, as a manor and as i hides, is held of Hugh by Ulmar. Then as now (semper) 2 bordars. Then i serf; now none. (There is) i plough on the demesne, and half (a plough) belonging to the men. (There is) pasture for 200 sheep. It is worth 30 shil- lings. HUNDRET OF LAXENDENA [LEXDEN] MERCHESHALA [Markshall], which was held, in King Edward's time, by Gudmund * as i manor and as half a hide and 13 acres, is held of Hugh by Nigel. Then as now (semper) 2 villeins. Then 7 bordars ; now 8. Then as now (semper) 5 serfs. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne; now i. Then as now (semper) i ploughs belonging to the men. (There is) wood(land) for 200 swine, (and) i acre of meadow. Then as now fo-54 (semper) i rouncey (runcinus). Then 2 beasts (anima/ia) ; now i o. Then 30 sheep ; now 80. Then as now (semper) 1 2 swine. (There are) now 3 hives of bees. It was then worth 40 shillings ; now 60. HUNDRET OF CELMERESFORT [CHELMSFORD] BEDENESTEDA [Sandon s ], which was held, in King Edward's time, by Gudmund * as a manor and as 4 hides, is held of Hugh by Robert. Then i villein ; now none. Then 9 bordars; now 10. Then and afterwards 6 serfs ; now i. Then and afterwards 2 ploughs on the demesne; now i. Then as now (semper) i plough belonging to the men. (There are) 5 acres of meadow. Then 3 rounceys (runcini) now none. Then 25 beasts (animalia) ; now (only) i cow. Then i oo swine; now 14. Then 108 sheep; now 24. Then 60 goats ; now none. It was then worth 8 pounds ; and when received the same ; now 4 pounds. 8 And 5 free men held i hides and 23 acres, which are held of Hugh by the same Robert ; then as now (semper) 5 bordars (were there), and 2^ ploughs, (with) wood(land) for 40 swine and 4 acres of 1 Not, as supposed by Morant, the manor of Bradwell Hall, but that of Battails, which was always held of the Montfort ' Honour of Haugh- ley' (see Introduction, p. 392). 4 See note z above. 6 This is a good instance of a sweeping reduc- tion in the live stock being accompanied by a reduction of one half in the value. meadow ; then as now (semper) it was worth 50 shillings. This manor is claimed by the monks of Ely as having been (quod fulf) held in demesne by the abbey (in abbatia in Jominio) in King Edward's time ; and the Hundret (court) testifies (to) this. HUNDRET OF TENDRINGA [TENDRING] WICA [Wix 6 ] was held, in King Edward's time, by Queen Edith as a manor and as i hide. It is now held of Hugh by Roger. Then as now (semper) 2 villeins. Then 2 bordars ; now 8. Then 2 serfs ; now none. Then as now (semper) i plough. (There is) wood- (land) for 10 swine (and) 3 acres of meadow. It is worth 10 shillings. This land is held by Roger, and the Hundret (court) knows not how ; and the queen had the soke. 7 HUNDRET OF TURESTAPLA [THURSTABLE] TOTHAM [(Little) Totham], which was held by Cola, (and) afterwards by Richard, as a manor and (as) 2 hides and 32 acres, is held of Hugh by Hugh the son of Mauger (Malgerf). Then 4 bordars ; now 3. Then 4 serfs ; now 5. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now I. (There is) wood(land) for 2O swine, pasture for 100 sheep, (and) 3 acres of meadow. Then i saltpan ; now 3. Then 3 rounceys (runcini); now 2. Then 1 6 swine; now 20. Then 48 goats (sheep 8 ); now 93. (There are) now 18 goats. It was then worth 40 shillings; and when received, 10 shillings; it is now worth 40 shillings. GOLDHANGRA [Goldhanger], which was held by Lewin, (and) afterwards by ' hagra,' 9 as a manor and as I hide and 15 acres, is held of Hugh by the same (Hugh). 10 Then as now (semper) i villein, and 6 bordars, and 4 serfs. Then i plough ; now half (a plough). fo. M b (There is) wood(land) for 60 swine, 7 acres 6 Morant alleged this to be the manor of Ham- stalls there, but his account of it gives no support to this view. The other and larger portion of Wix had also been Edith's, but had been given by her, since the Conquest, to Walter the Deacon (see p. 548 below). As it was a four-hide manor, the total assessment of Wix was five hides. 7 i.e. the profits of jurisdiction. 8 The word is ' caprttj but it is dearly a scribal error for ' ovei.' 9 The reading is doubtful ; the MS. has Lewin' posthagra ' ; but in the previous entry we have the phrase ' Cola Post Ricardus,' which suggests the reading given in the text. 10 The result of this common tenure was that the two holdings became fused as the ' manor of Totham with Goldhanger.' 499
 * See p. 497, note 3, above.
 * See Introduction, p. 389.