Page:VCH Essex 1.djvu/567

 THE HOLDERS OF LANDS now 3 rounceys, 12 beasts, 10 swine, 100 sheep, (and) I hive of bees. It is worth 10 pounds. PELTENDUNA [Peldon], which was held, in King Edward's time, by I free man as a manor and as half a hide, is held of Suen by Odo. Then as now (semper) half a plough. It is worth 10 shillings. EDBURGETUNA [Abberton 1 ] is held (of Suen) by the same (Odo) as 1 5 acres, which were held, in King Edward's time, by i free man. Then I free man ; now I bordar.* There are 5 acres of meadow. It is worth 5 shillings. The Half Hundret of CLAVELINGA [Claver- ing] is Suen's, and the pleas of the said Hundret are worth (reddunt) to him 25 shil- lings a year. 8 HALF HUNDRET OF CLAVELINGA [CLAVERING] CLAVELINGA [Clavering 4 ], which was held, in King Edward's time, by Robert Fitz Wimarc (fPimarc<e) as i manor and as 15 hides. 6 Then and afterwards 4 ploughs on the demesne ; now 5. Then as now (semper) 25 ploughs belonging to the men, and 17 villeins. Then and afterwards 9 bordars ; now 37. Then and afterwards 8 serfs ; now 12. (There was) then wood(land) for 800 fo. 47 swine ; now for 600. (There are) 35 acres of meadow. (There was) then i mill. And I plough (more) could again be employed (potest restaurari) in this manor. 6 Then 3 rounceys (runcini), and 25 beasts (animalia), 50 swine, 40 sheep, 15 goats, (and) 12 hives of bees ; now 2 rounceys, and i colt (pul/us), 14 beasts, 21 swine, 90 sheep, 23 goats, (and) 5 hives of bees. It was then worth 20 pounds ; now 30. 1 i.e. the manor of Badcocks there. ' This should be observed as an instance of the process of social depression (see Introduction, p. 36')- 8 See Introduction, p. 345, and p. 487, note 5. 4 Including Langley. not tally with the figures above, which show that the ploughs were not deficient but were actually one more in number than they had been. The word ' restaurari ' seems to exclude the hypothesis that the arable area had been increased by the diminution of the woodland. Possibly the scribe reversed the figures of the demesne ploughs by a slip. BERDANE [Berden] was held, in King Edward's time, by Godman, a sokeman of Robert (Fitz Wimarc). It is now held of S[uen] by Alvred as a manor and as 2 hides. Then as now (semper) i plough on the demesne, and 2 ploughs belonging to the men, and 4 villeins, and 5 bordars. Then and afterwards 4 serfs ; now none. (There is) wood(land) for 10 swine, and 2 acres of meadow. Then 14 swine, and 25 sheep; now 3 rounceys (runcini), and 2 colts (pulli), and 13 beasts (anima/ia), and 21 swine, 122 sheep, 8 goats, (and) i hive of bees ; it was then worth 30 shillings ; now 40. HUNDRET OF WIBRICTESHERNA [DENGIE] HAINTUNA [Asheldham? 7 ], which was held, in King Edward's time, by i free man, is held of S[uen] by Ralf as a manor and as half a hide and 37 acres. Then as now (semper) I plough on the demesne. Then 3 bordars ; now 2. (There are) 5 acres of meadow. It is worth 20 shillings. Robert Fitz Wimarc (Wimarcte) had this land after the coming of King William. 8 Of the abovesaid manor, namely CLAVE- LINGA [Clavering], Ansgot holds of Suen half a hide and 30 acres ; and Wicard 3 virgates, and Robert half a hide and 1 5 acres ; and Ralf 15 acres. 9 And among them all (inter totum) there are 14 bordars, and 3^ ploughs. And the whole is worth 4 pounds in the above valuation (in eodem pretio). 10 HUNDRET OF LEXENDENA [LEXDEN] EILAND [Horkesley n ] was held by R[obert] as I manor and as 5^ hides. Now S[ucn] holds it in demesne. Then as now (semper) 1 8 villeins. Then 33 bordars ; now 42. Then as now (semper) 7 serfs and 2 ploughs on the demesne, and 10 ploughs belonging to the men. (There is) wood(land) for 600 7 See p. 488, note i, above. 8 It will be observed that this entry of a manor in Dengie Hundred is interpolated in the midst of the account of Clavering and its Half Hundred. I suspect it to be a duplicate (see Introduction, p. 410). 9 Compare p. 484, note 6, above. 10 This entry should obviously have followed immediately on that of Clavering. 11 Then part of the great manor of ' Eiland ' (now Nayland), divided by the Stour into two portions, of which one lay in Suffolk and the other, consisting of the two Horkesleys, in Essex. The whole had been held by Robert Fitz Wimarc (sec Introduction, p. 408). 489 62
 * See Introduction, p. 345 and p. 292 above.
 * It will be observed that this estimate does