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 A HISTORY OF ESSEX now (semper) i bordar ; (there is) wood(land) for 10 swine, (and) 2 acres of meadow ; it was then worth 4 shillings ; now 6. And the manor was then worth 6 pounds ; now 7. CUICA [Quick (Bury) 1 ], which was held, in King Edward's time, by Alwin ' Godtuna,' 2 as 3 hides, is held of William by the same Richard. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne. Then 3^ ploughs belonging to the men ; now 3. Then 7 villeins ; now 6. Now 6 bordars. Then 5 serfs ; now 2. (There are) 20 acres of meadow. Then as now (semper) i mill. Then 47 sheep ; now 52; and 2 colts (pulli). It is worth 100 shillings. HUNDRET OF DoMMAUA [DuNMOWJ ESTANES [(Great) Easton 3 ] was held, in King Edward's time, by Duna, 4 a free woman, as a manor and as 2 hides. Now William (holds it) in demesne. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne. Then 4 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 2. Then as now (semper) 4 villeins. Then 3 bordars ; now 8. Then 3 serfs ; now 2. (There was) then wood(land) for 200 swine ; now for 150. (There are) 52 acres of meadow. Then i rouncey (runcinus), and 7 beasts (anima/ia), and 60 swine, and 60 sheep. Now i rouncey, 23 beasts, 20 swine, 70 sheep, (and) 4 hives of bees. It is worth 100 shillings. fo. 36b CANEFELDA [(Little) Canfield] was held, in King Edward's time, by 2 free men as 2 hides less 8 acres. Now William (holds it) in demesne. Then 4 ploughs on the demesne ; now 2. Then 8 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 6. Then i priest and 9 villeins ; now I priest and 7 villeins. Then 3 bor- dars ; now 1 7. Then as now (semper) 2 serfs. Now i mill. (There was) then wood(land) for 1 60 swine ; now for 120. There are 70 acres of meadow. Then i rouncey (rundnus), and 8 beasts (anima/ia), and 100 swine, and 200 sheep. Now I rouncey, 15 beasts, 50 swine, 70 sheep and 9 goats. It was then worth 8 pounds ; now 9.* 1 In Sheering. Alias Cowick Bury. 8 He had held land in Stanstead and its neigh- bourhood, across the Hertfordshire border, to the west. 3 i.e. the manor of Blamsters there. Wrongly identified by Morant as Little Easton (compare Introduction, p. 393). 4 Or perhaps ' Duua.' 5 Here is a manor on which the plough-teams RODINGES [(High) Roding], which was held, in King Edward's time, by the Abbot of Ely as i manor and as 2^ hides, is held of William by William de Wateville. 6 Then as now (semper) 3 ploughs on the demesne, and 3 ploughs belonging to the men, and i priest and 8 villeins. Then 12 bordars; now 1 1 . Then as now (semper) 7 serfs. Wood- (land) for 300 swine, (and) 42 acres of meadow. Then as now (semper) 3 rounceys (runcini), 8 beasts (anima/ia), and 120 sheep. (There are) now 7 swine. It was then worth 10 pounds; and when (the manor was) re- ceived, 12 ; now 1 8. RODINGES [(Leaden) Roding], which was held, in King Edward's time, by a free woman as i manor and as 2^ hides, is held of William by Walter. And now there are 3^ hides. 7 Then 3 ploughs on the demesne ; now 2 ; and when (the manor was) received 3. Then as now (semper) i plough belong- ing to the men. Then 3 villeins ; now I priest and 4 villeins. Then 4 bordars ; now 13. Then 4 serfs ; now 2. (There is) wood(land) for 50 swine, (and) 30 acres of meadow. (There are) now 4 beasts (animalia), and 40 swine, 83 sheep, (and) i hive of bees. It is worth 8 pounds. And that hide which is added to this belonged (adjacebat), in King Edward's time, to the abbey of Ely, as the Hundred (court) testifies. DOMMAUA [Dunmow 8 ], which was held by Earl ./Elfgar 9 (Algarus in King Edward's time, as half a hide, is held of William by Guibert. Then as now (semper) half a plough on the demesne. Now 3 bordars. Then 3 serfs ; now none. 10 (There is) wood(land) for 40 swine, and 7 acres of meadow. Then 10 swine, and 30 sheep ; now 9 beasts (anima/ia), 30 swine, 80 sheep, 1 2 goats, (and) 8 hives of bees. It was then worth 20 shillings ; and when received, 30 shillings ; now 35 shillings. have decreased from 12 to 8, and the woodland has considerably diminished, while the swine and sheep have been greatly reduced in number. Yet its total value is entered as greater than it was. 8 He and his wife held several manors of William de Warenne in what is now Brighton and its neighbourhood. 7 This increase is explained at the end of the entry. 8 i.e. the manor of Southall there. 9 Of Mercia, son of Earl Leofric. 10 This looks like a clear case of the conversion of serfs into bordars. 474